Cou
Tsou
Austronesia (Tsouic)
El tsou (cou) es una de las lenguas formosanas reconocidas más amenazadas de Taiwán, hablada en la zona montañosa de Alishan, en el condado de Chiayi. Sistema de seis vocales (i, e, a, o, u más la central alta ɯ). Sistema de enfoque sumamente elaborado con cuatro voces, marcadas en el verbo. Famosa por la histórica ceremonia tribal Mayasvi. Gravemente amenazada, con unos 4000 hablantes, ~2000 con uso diario como L1.
Dónde se habla
87 palabras esenciales en tsou
Fuentes
Palabras comparadas
Comparación con otras lenguas de la misma clasificación: Austronesia (Tsouic)
| Significado | Tsou | Bunun | Protoaustronesio | Paiwán | Amis | Mandar | Samoano |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agua | chumu /tsumu/ | danum /danum/ | *daNum /daNum/ | zaljum /zaʎum/ | nanom /nanom/ | uai /uai/ | vai /vai/ |
| Fuego | puzu /ˈpuzu/ | sapuz /sapuz/ | *Sapuy /Sapuy/ | sapuy /sapui/ | namal /namal/ | api /api/ | afi /afi/ |
| Sol | hie /hie/ | vali /vali/ | *waRi /waRi/ | qadaw /qadaw/ | cidal /tsiðal/ | mata allo /mata alːo/ | lā /laː/ |
| Luna | feohʉ /feohɨ/ | buan /buan/ | *bulaN /bulaN/ | qiljas /qiʎas/ | folad /folað/ | bulang /bulaŋ/ | māsina /maːsina/ |
| Estrella | congroha /tsoŋɾoxa/ | bintuhan /bintuhan/ | *bituqen /bituqen/ | vituqan /vituqan/ | foʼis /foʔis/ | bittoeng /bittoeŋ/ | fetū /fetuː/ |
| Noche | iofna /iofna/ | labian /labian/ | *beRŋi /beʀŋi/ | qezemezemetj /qəzəməzəmətʲ/ | lafiʼ /lafiʔ/ | bongi /boŋi/ | pō /poː/ |
| Lluvia | tnʉyʉ /tnɨjɨ/ | qudan /qudan/ | *quzaN /quzaN/ | qudjalj /quɟaʎ/ | ʼorad /ʔorad/ | urang /uˈraŋ/ | ua /ua/ |
| Nieve | yuho /juho/ | paav /paav/ | *SuReNa /SuReNa/ | sulja /suʎa/ | soleda^ /soləðaʔ/ | — | kiona /kiona/ |
| Viento | poepe /poepe/ | luvluv /luvluv/ | *bali /bali/ | vali /vali/ | fali /fali/ | angin /aŋin/ | matagi /mataŋi/ |
| Tierra | ceoa /tseoa/ | dalah /dalah/ | *taneq /taneq/ | qipu /qipu/ | sera /səra/ | litaq /litaʔ/ | ʻeleʻele /ʔeleʔele/ |
| Piedra | fatu /fatu/ | batu /batu/ | *batu /batu/ | qaciljai /qatsiʎai/ | fakeluh /fakeluh/ | batu /batu/ | maʻa /maʔa/ |
| Montaña | fuengu /fueŋu/ | ludun /ludun/ | *bukij /bukij/ | gadu /ɡadu/ | lutuk /lutuk/ | buttu /butːu/ | mauga /mauŋa/ |
| Mar | tʉpʉ /tɨpɨ/ | ning-av /ŋiŋʔav/ | *tenem /tenem/ | ljavek /ʎavək/ | riyar /rijar/ | sasiq /sasiʔ/ | sami /sami/ |
| Madre | ino /ino/ | tina /tina/ | *ina /ina/ | kina /kina/ | ina /ina/ | indoq /indoʔ/ | tinā /tinaː/ |
| Padre | amo /amo/ | tama /tama/ | *ama /ama/ | kama /kama/ | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ | tamā /tamaː/ |
| Hija | oko no mamespingi /oko no mamespiŋi/ | uvaazpingaz /uvaazpiŋaz/ | — | aljak a vavayan /aʎak a vavajan/ | fafahiyan a wawa /fafahijan a wawa/ | — | afafine /afafine/ |
| Yo | aʼo /aʔo/ | saikin /saikin/ | *aku /aku/ | tiaken /tiakən/ | kako /kako/ | iyau /ijau/ | aʻu /aʔu/ |
| Tú | suu /suʔu/ | suu /suʔu/ | *iSu /iSu/ | sun /sun/ | kiso /kiso/ | io /iʔo/ | ʻoe /ʔoe/ |
| Nosotros | aʼati / aʼami /aʔati / aʔami/ | kata / kaimin /kata / kaimin/ | *kita / *kami /kita / kami/ | titjen / tiamen /titʲən / tiamən/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | ikiq / ingkaiq /ikiʔ / iŋkaiʔ/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ |
| Nombre | ongko /oŋko/ | ngaan /ŋaan/ | *ŋajan /ŋajan/ | ngadan /ŋadan/ | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ | sanga /saŋa/ | igoa /iŋoa/ |
| Persona | cou /tsou/ | bunun /bunun/ | *Cau /tsau/ | caucau /tsautsau/ | tamdaw /tamðaw/ | tau /tau/ | tagata /taŋata/ |
| Cabeza | fŋuu /fŋuu/ | bungu /buŋu/ | *quluh /quluh/ | qulu /qulu/ | tangal /taŋal/ | ulu /ulu/ | ulu /ulu/ |
| Ojo | mcoo /mtsoo/ | mata /mata/ | *maCa /maCa/ | maca /matsa/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Oreja | koeu /koeu/ | tainga /taiŋa/ | *Caliŋa /tsaliŋa/ | caliŋa /tsaliŋa/ | tangila /taŋila/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ |
| Nariz | ngʉcʉ /ŋɨtsɨ/ | ngutus /ŋutus/ | *ujuŋ /ujuŋ/ | ŋudus /ŋudus/ | ngosoʼ /ŋosoʔ/ | pudzung /puðuŋ/ | isu /isu/ |
| Boca | ngayo /ŋajo/ | ngulus /ŋulus/ | — | angal /aŋaɭ/ | ngoyos /ŋojos/ | nganga /ŋaŋa/ | gutu /ŋutu/ |
| Diente | hisi /hisi/ | nipun /nipun/ | *nipen /nipen/ | alis /aɭis/ | walis /walis/ | isi /isi/ | nifo /nifo/ |
| Lengua | umo /umo/ | mamaʼ /mamaʔ/ | *Sema /Sema/ | sema /səma/ | sema /səmaʔ/ | lila /lila/ | laulaufaiva /laulaufaiva/ |
| Mano | mucu /mutsu/ | ima /ima/ | *lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | kamay /kamaj/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Pie | tʼango /tʔaŋo/ | bantas /bantas/ | *qaqay /qaqay/ | — | waʼay /waʔaj/ | — | vae /vae/ |
| Corazón | yofu /jofu/ | is-ang /isaŋ/ | *pusuq /pusuq/ | varung /vaɾuŋ/ | falokoʼ /falokoʔ/ | ate /ate/ | loto /loto/ |
| Hueso | cʉehʉ /tsɨehɨ/ | tuhnaz /tuhnað/ | *CuqelaN /CuqelaN/ | cuqelalj /tsuqəlaʎ/ | ʼokak /ʔokak/ | buku /buku/ | ivi /ivi/ |
| Sangre | hmuru /m̥uɾu/ | haidang /haidaŋ/ | *daRaq /daRaq/ | djamuq /ɟamuq/ | remes /rəməs/ | ceraq /tʃɛraʔ/ | toto /toto/ |
| Caca | tʼee /tʔee/ | taki /taki/ | *Caqi /tsaqi/ | caqi /tsaqi/ | tayiʼ /tajiʔ/ | tai /tai/ | tae /tae/ |
| Amor | yainca /jaintsa/ | madaidaz /madaidaz/ | — /—/ | nasaqaqa /nasaqaqa/ | maolah /maolah/ | mappinawa /mapːinawa/ | alofa /alofa/ |
| Árbol | evi /evi/ | kahu /kahu/ | *kaSiw /kaSiw/ | kasiw /kasiw/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | kaju /kaju/ | laʻau /laʔau/ |
| Perro | avoʼu /avoʔu/ | asu /asu/ | *asu /asu/ | vatu /vatu/ | wacu /watsu/ | asu /asu/ | maile /maile/ |
| Gato | ngiao /ŋiao/ | ngingiyaw /ŋiŋijaw/ | — /—/ | ngiaw /ŋiaw/ | posi /posi/ | mio /mio/ | pusi /pusi/ |
| Pez | roskʉ /ɾoskɨ/ | iskan /iskan/ | *Sikan /Sikan/ | ciqaw /tsiqaw/ | futing /futiŋ/ | bau /ˈbau/ | iʻa /iʔa/ |
| Pájaro | zomʉ /zomɨ/ | hazam /hazam/ | *manuk /manuk/ | qayaqayam /qajaqajam/ | ayam /ˈajam/ | manu-manuq /manu manuʔ/ | manu /manu/ |
| Huevo | fcuyu /ftsuju/ | lububunun /lububunun/ | *qiCeluR /qicəlur/ | qecilu /qətsiɭu/ | fitaʼol /fitaʔol/ | talloq /talːoʔ/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ |
| Oso | cmoi /tsmoi/ | tumaz /tumað/ | *Cumay /Cumay/ | cumay /tsumai/ | tomay /tomaj/ | — | pea /pea/ |
| Caballo | ʼuma /ʔuma/ | tasasikis /tasasikis/ | — | rigi /ɾiɡi/ | efa /əfa/ | — | solofanua /solofanua/ |
| Casa | emoo /emoo/ | lumaq /lumaq/ | *Rumaq /Rumaq/ | umaq /umaq/ | lomaʼ /lomaʔ/ | boyang /bojaŋ/ | fale /fale/ |
| Leche | nunʼu /nunʔu/ | susu /susu/ | — | — | hacol /hatsol/ | — | susu /susu/ |
| Miel | sʉhsʉ /sɨxsɨ/ | vanu /vanu/ | — | alju /aʎu/ | waneng no ʼodal /waneŋ no ʔoðal/ | — | meli /meli/ |
| Sal | sieu /sieu/ | hasila /hasila/ | *qasiRa /qasiRa/ | qatia /qatia/ | cilah /tsilah/ | sia /sia/ | masima /masima/ |
| Vino | emi /emi/ | — | — | vava /vava/ | fadisosoʼ a ^pah /faðisosoʔ a ʔpah/ | — | uaina /uaina/ |
| Arroz | fʉesʉ /fɨesɨ/ | cilas /tsilas/ | *beRas /beRas/ | paday /padai/ | felac /fəlats/ | baras /baras/ | alaisa /alaisa/ |
| Hierro | memeno /memeno/ | ngul-a /ŋulʔa/ | *Namat /Namat/ | vatjuljayan /vatʲuʎajan/ | marad /marad/ | bassi /basːi/ | uʻamea /uʔamea/ |
| Seda | kinu /kinu/ | kaiku /kaiku/ | — | — | — | — | silika /silika/ |
| Libro | tposʉ /tposɨ/ | patasan /patasan/ | — | sapitj /sapitʲ/ | cudad /tsuðad/ | suraq /suraʔ/ | tusi /tusi/ |
| Comer | bonu /bonu/ | maun /maun/ | *kaen /kaen/ | keman /kəman/ | komaen /komaən/ | maʼande /maʔande/ | ʻai /ʔai/ |
| Beber | ʼumnu /ʔumnu/ | muqun /muqun/ | *inum /inum/ | temekel /təməkəl/ | minom /minom/ | minung /minuŋ/ | inu /inu/ |
| Dormir | oengʉtʉ /oeŋɨtɨ/ | masabah /masabah/ | *tuduR /tuduR/ | qemreng /qəmɾəŋ/ | mafotiʼ /mafotiʔ/ | matindro /matindro/ | moe /moe/ |
| Uno | cone /tsone/ | tasa /tasa/ | *isa /isa/ | ita /ita/ | cecay /tsetsaj/ | mesa /mesa/ | tasi /tasi/ |
| Dos | yuso /juso/ | dusa /dusa/ | *duSa /duSa/ | drusa /ɖusa/ | tosa /tosaʔ/ | dua /dua/ | lua /lua/ |
| Tres | tuyu /tuju/ | tau /tau/ | *telu /telu/ | tjelu /tʲəlu/ | tolo /tolo/ | tallu /talːu/ | tolu /tolu/ |
| Cuatro | sʉptʉ /sɨptɨ/ | paat /paːt/ | *Sepat /səpat/ | sepatj /səpatʲ/ | sepat /səpat/ | appe /apːe/ | fā /faː/ |
| Cinco | eimo /eimo/ | hima /hima/ | *lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Cien | seʼconza /seʔtsonza/ | saba /saba/ | *RaCus /RaCus/ | taidai /taidai/ | smoʼot /smoʔot/ | sangatus /saŋatus/ | selau /selau/ |
| Hola | yokeoasu /jokeoasu/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | — /—/ | masalu /masalu/ | ngaʼay ho /ŋaʔaj ho/ | salamaʼ maʼondong /salamaʔ maʔondoŋ/ | talofa /talofa/ |
| Gracias | aveoveoyu /aveoveoju/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | — /—/ | masalu /masalu/ | aray /araj/ | kuruʼ sumangaʼ /kuruʔ sumaŋaʔ/ | faʻafetai /faʔafetai/ |
| Bueno | ʼaemʼaemo /ʔaemʔaemo/ | masial /masial/ | — /—/ | nguanguaq /ŋuaŋuaq/ | kapah /kapah/ | macoa /matʃoa/ | lelei /lelei/ |
| Nuevo | faeva /faeva/ | bahlu /baɬu/ | *baqeRuh /baqeRuh/ | vaquan /vaquan/ | faluhay /faluhaj/ | baru /baru/ | fou /fou/ |
| Rojo | fʉhŋoya /fɨxŋoja/ | madanghas /madaŋhas/ | *ma-iRaq /ma-iRaq/ | qudjidjilj /quɟiɟiʎ/ | kahengangay /kahəŋaŋaj/ | mamea /mamea/ | mūmū /muːmuː/ |
| Blanco | fʉecʉʼia /fɨetsɨʔia/ | maduhlas /maduɬas/ | *ma-putiq /maputiq/ | vuqavuqalj /vuqavuqaʎ/ | fohecalay /fohətsalaj/ | mapute /mapute/ | paʻepaʻe /paʔepaʔe/ |
| Negro | kuaʼonga /kuaʔoŋa/ | matahdung /matahduŋ/ | *qeCeŋeN /qeCeŋeN/ | qucengecengel /qutsəŋətsəŋəl/ | kohtingay /kohtiŋaj/ | malotong /malotoŋ/ | uliuli /uliuli/ |
| Verde | enghova /eŋxova/ | masanglav /masaŋlav/ | — | liljuas /ɭiʎuas/ | kangdaway /kaŋdawaj/ | mekurarraq /mekurarːaʔ/ | lanumeamata /lanumeamata/ |
| Azul | enghova /eŋxova/ | masanglav /masaŋlav/ | — | cangiangia /tsaŋiaŋia/ | langdaway /laŋdawaj/ | magavu /maɡavu/ | lanumoana /lanumoana/ |
| Computadora | kampiuto /kampiuto/ | tinnau /tinnau/ | — | tinnaw /tinnaw/ | tingnaw /tiŋnaw/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komipiuta /komipiuta/ |
| 99 | msiohʉ usio /msiohɨ usio/ | — | — | — | siwa a poloʼ ira ko siwa /siwa a poloʔ ira ko siwa/ | — | ivasefulu ma le iva /ivasefulu ma le iva/ |
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