Jamaican English
Inglés jamaicano
Germánica
El inglés jamaicano estándar (configuración regional en-JM; código de proyecto en_jam) es la forma estándar local del inglés en Jamaica. El inglés es la lengua oficial del país y esta variedad se emplea principalmente en el gobierno, la educación formal, el derecho y los medios informativos nacionales. Convive con el criollo jamaicano, o patwa, una lengua criolla independiente de léxico inglés; el habla jamaicana suele describirse como un continuo entre ambos, pero no deben considerarse idénticos. La pronunciación refleja este contacto y varía según la situación y el hablante; son tendencias comunes una roticidad variable, una reducción relativamente escasa de las vocales átonas, una vocal STRUT elevada o redondeada y un ritmo y una entonación característicos. La gramática y la ortografía formales se mantienen próximas a las de otros ingleses estándares y siguen en gran medida las convenciones británicas, mientras que el vocabulario y el uso cotidiano contienen formas jamaicanas establecidas. La mayoría de los jamaicanos domina más de una parte de este repertorio y cambia de estilo según el contexto.
Dónde se habla
87 palabras esenciales en inglés jamaicano
Fuentes
- Devonish, Hubert & Otelemate G. Harry 2004, "Jamaican Creole and Jamaican English: phonology", in Kortmann & Schneider (eds.), A Handbook of Varieties of English vol. 1, Mouton de Gruyter, 964–984 (via en.wikipedia "Jamaican English"); Wells 1982, Accents of English vol. 3, §10.2
Palabras comparadas
Comparación con otras lenguas de la misma clasificación: Germánica
| Significado | Inglés jamaicano | Inglés ghanés | Inglés nigeriano | Inglés keniano | Inglés malasio | Geordie | Inglés galés |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agua | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtɐ/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ |
| Fuego | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ |
| Sol | sun /sɵn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sɔn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /san/ | sun /sʊn/ | sun /sʌn/ |
| Luna | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ |
| Estrella | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ |
| Noche | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ |
| Lluvia | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɾeɪn/ |
| Nieve | snow /snoː/ | snow /snoː/ | snow /snoː/ | snow /snoː/ | snow /snoː/ | snow /snəʊ/ | snow /snoʊ/ |
| Viento | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ |
| Tierra | earth /ɜːt/ | earth /ɜːt/ | earth /ɜːt/ | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːt/ | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːθ/ |
| Piedra | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stɔːn/ | stone /stoːn/ |
| Montaña | mountain /ˈmɵʊntn̩/ | mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ | mountain /ˈmaʊntɛn/ | mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ | mountain /ˈmaʊntən/ | mountain /ˈmuːntɪn/ | mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ |
| Mar | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ |
| Madre | mother /ˈmɵðə/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmɔðə/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmadə/ | mother /ˈmʊðɐ/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ |
| Padre | father /ˈfaːðə/ | father /ˈfaːðə/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈfadə/ | father /ˈfaːðɐ/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ |
| Hija | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtɐ/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ |
| Yo | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ |
| Tú | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /ju/ | you /ju/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ |
| Nosotros | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wi/ | we /wi/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ |
| Nombre | name /neːm/ | name /neːm/ | name /nem/ | name /neːm/ | name /neɪm/ | name /neːm/ | name /neːm/ |
| Persona | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsɔn/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ |
| Cabeza | head /hɛd/ | head /hɛd/ | head /hɛd/ | head /hɛd/ | head /hɛd/ | head /hɛd/ | head /hɛd/ |
| Ojo | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ |
| Oreja | ear /iːa/ | ear /ia/ | ear /ia/ | ear /ia/ | ear /iə/ | ear /ɪə/ | ear /iːə/ |
| Nariz | nose /noːz/ | nose /noːs/ | nose /noːs/ | nose /noːz/ | nose /noːs/ | nose /niəz/ | nose /noʊz/ |
| Diente | tooth /tuːt/ | tooth /tuːt/ | tooth /tuːt/ | tooth /tuːθ/ | tooth /tuːt/ | tooth /tʊθ/ | tooth /tuːθ/ |
| Lengua | tongue /tɵŋ/ | tongue /tɔŋ/ | tongue /tɔŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /taŋ/ | tongue /tʊŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ |
| Mano | hand /hand/ | hand /hænd/ | hand /hænd/ | hand /hænd/ | hand /hæn/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hand/ |
| Pie | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ |
| Corazón | heart /haːt/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /hɑːt/ | heart /hɑːt/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /haːt/ |
| Hueso | bone /boːn/ | bone /bon/ | bone /bon/ | bone /bon/ | bone /bon/ | bone /bɔːn/ | bone /boːn/ |
| Sangre | blood /blɵd/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blɔd/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blad/ | blood /blʊd/ | blood /blʌd/ |
| Caca | poo /puː/ | poop /puːp/ | poop /puːp/ | poop /puːp/ | poop /puːp/ | poo /puː/ | poo /puː/ |
| Amor | love /lɵv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lɔv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /laf/ | love /lʊv/ | love /lʌv/ |
| Árbol | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ |
| Perro | dog /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɔk/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ |
| Gato | cat /kʰat ~ kjaːt/ | cat /kæt/ | cat /kæt/ | cat /kæt/ | cat /kæt/ | cat /kat/ | cat /kʰat/ |
| Pez | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ |
| Pájaro | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ |
| Mariposa | butterfly /ˈbɵtəflaɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbɔtəflaɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbatəflaɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʊtəflaɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ |
| Huevo | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ |
| Oso | bear /beːɹ/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛː/ |
| Caballo | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ |
| Casa | house /hɵʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /huːs/ | house /haʊs/ |
| Leche | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ |
| Miel | honey /ˈhɵni/ | honey /ˈhʌni/ | honey /ˈhɔni/ | honey /ˈhʌni/ | honey /ˈhani/ | honey /ˈhʊni/ | honey /ˈhʌni/ |
| Sal | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔlt/ | salt /sɔlt/ | salt /sɔlt/ | salt /sɔlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ |
| Vino | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ |
| Arroz | rice /ɹaɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ |
| Hierro | iron /ˈaɪən/ | iron /ˈaɪən/ | iron /ˈaɪən/ | iron /ˈaɪən/ | iron /ˈaɪən/ | iron /ˈaɪən/ | iron /ˈaɪən/ |
| Rueda | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ |
| Seda | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ |
| Libro | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ |
| Comer | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ |
| Beber | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ |
| Dormir | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ |
| Uno | one /wɵn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wɔn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wan/ | one /wʊn/ | one /wʌn/ |
| Dos | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tu/ | two /tu/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ |
| Tres | three /tɹiː/ | three /tɹi/ | three /tɹi/ | three /θɹi/ | three /tɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ |
| Cuatro | four /foː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ |
| Cinco | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ |
| Cien | hundred /ˈhɵndɹɛd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhɔndɹɛd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhandɹɛd/ | hundred /ˈhʊndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɾəd/ |
| Hola | hello /həˈloː/ | hello /həˈloː/ | hello /həˈloː/ | hello /həˈloː/ | hello /həˈlo/ | hello /həˈloː/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ |
| Gracias | thank you /taŋk juː/ | thanks /taŋks/ | thanks /taŋks/ | thank you /θæŋk juː/ | thanks /tɛŋks/ | thanks /θaŋks/ | thanks /θaŋks/ |
| Bueno | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊt/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ |
| Nuevo | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ | new /nɪʊ/ |
| Rojo | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɾɛd/ |
| Blanco | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ |
| Negro | black /blak/ | black /blæk/ | black /blæk/ | black /blæk/ | black /blæk/ | black /blak/ | black /blak/ |
| Verde | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɾiːn/ |
| Azul | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /blɪʊ/ |
| Cuco | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ |
| Guau | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ |
| Quiquiriquí | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɔkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɔkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɔkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɔkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɔkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɒkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɒkəduːdlˈduː/ |
| Computadora | computer /komˈpjuːta/ | computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/ | computer /kɔmˈpjuːta/ | computer /kɔmˈpjuːta/ | computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/ | computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/ | computer /kəmˈpɪʊtə/ |
| Wifi | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ |
| Té | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ |
| Café | coffee /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /ˈkɒfi/ | coffee /ˈkɒfi/ |
| Azúcar | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡɐ/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ |
| Naranja | orange /ˈɔɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɔɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɔɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɔɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɔɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɒɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɒɾɪndʒ/ |
| 99 | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ |
| Dopamina | dopamine /ˈdoːpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdoːpamiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdoːpamiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdoːpamiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdoːpamiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ |
| Arroba (@) | at /at/ | at /æt/ | at /æt/ | at /æt/ | at /æt/ | at /at/ | at /at/ |
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