Sakizaya
Austronesiana
Il sakizaya è una lingua austronesiana formosana del ramo formosano orientale, riconosciuta come 13ª nazione aborigena ufficiale di Taiwan nel 2007, dopo secoli di classificazione all'interno dell'amis (ami). I sakizaya sono i discendenti dei sopravvissuti al massacro di Takobowan del 1878, quando le forze Qing distrussero lo storico insediamento di Takobowan nella pianura di Hualien; i sopravvissuti si fusero con le comunità amis, con il risultato che l'identità sakizaya fu assorbita linguisticamente ed etnicamente per circa 125 anni. Il riconoscimento del 2007 giunse dopo una costante mobilitazione della comunità, accompagnata dalla rivitalizzazione culturale sakizaya attraverso l'annuale cerimonia del raccolto Palamal. Il sakizaya conserva tratti fonologici distinti dall'amis (sistema vocalico, alcune consonanti) e un lessico peculiare.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in sakizaya
chocolate
Wi-Fi
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Austronesiana
| Significato | Sakizaya | Amis | Kavalan | Puyuma | Proto-austronesiano | Bunun | Malese antico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | nanum /nanum/ | nanom /nanom/ | zanum /zaˈnum/ | enay /enai/ | *daNum /daNum/ | danum /danum/ | air /air/ |
| Fuoco | lamal /lamal/ | namal /namal/ | ramaz /raˈmaz/ | apuy /apui/ | *Sapuy /Sapuy/ | sapuz /sapuz/ | api /api/ |
| Sole | cidal /tʃidal/ | cidal /tsiðal/ | siban /siˈban/ | kadaw /kadaw/ | *waRi /waRi/ | vali /vali/ | matari /matari/ |
| Luna | bulad /bulad/ | folad /folað/ | buran /buˈran/ | bulan /buɭan/ | *bulaN /bulaN/ | buan /buan/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Stella | boʼis /boʔis/ | foʼis /foʔis/ | bituqan /bituqan/ | vituwan /vituwan/ | *bituqen /bituqen/ | bintuhan /bintuhan/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Notte | labiʼ /labiʔ/ | lafiʼ /lafiʔ/ | qabi /ʁabiʔ/ | ʼarmeng /ʔarməŋ/ | *beRŋi /beʀŋi/ | labian /labian/ | malam /malam/ |
| Pioggia | ʼudad /ʔuðað/ | ʼorad /ʔorad/ | uzan /uˈzan/ | ʼudal /ʔudal/ | *quzaN /quzaN/ | qudan /qudan/ | — |
| Neve | sulda /sulda/ | soleda^ /soləðaʔ/ | suRna /suʁna/ | urelra /uɾəla/ | *SuReNa /SuReNa/ | paav /paav/ | — |
| Vento | baliʼ /baliʔ/ | fali /fali/ | bari /baˈri/ | bali /baɭi/ | *bali /bali/ | luvluv /luvluv/ | — |
| Terra | lalaʼ /ɾaɾaʔ/ | sera /səra/ | melanay /məɾaˈnaj/ | dare /ðarə/ | *taneq /taneq/ | dalah /dalah/ | — |
| Pietra | baʼtu /baʔtu/ | fakeluh /fakeluh/ | btu /btu/ | barasa /barasa/ | *batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ |
| Montagna | buyuʼ /bujuʔ/ | lutuk /lutuk/ | naung /nauŋ/ | zenan /ʐənan/ | *bukij /bukij/ | ludun /ludun/ | — |
| Mare | bayu /baju/ | riyar /rijar/ | lazing /laziŋ/ | lrevek /ɭəvək/ | *tenem /tenem/ | ning-av /ŋiŋʔav/ | — |
| Madre | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ | tina /ˈtina/ | ina /ina/ | *ina /ina/ | tina /tina/ | ibu /ibu/ |
| Padre | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ | tama /ˈtama/ | ama /ama/ | *ama /ama/ | tama /tama/ | bapa /bapa/ |
| Figlia | tatayna a wawa /tatajna a wawa/ | fafahiyan a wawa /fafahijan a wawa/ | — | walrak na babayan /waɭak na babajan/ | — | uvaazpingaz /uvaazpiŋaz/ | — |
| Io | zaku /ʐaku/ | kako /kako/ | aiku /aiku/ | kuiku /kuiku/ | *aku /aku/ | saikin /saikin/ | aku /aku/ |
| Tu | kisu /kisu/ | kiso /kiso/ | aisu /aisu/ | yu /ju/ | *iSu /iSu/ | suu /suʔu/ | kamu /kamu/ |
| Noi | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | aita / aimi /aita / aimi/ | taita / mimi /taita / mimi/ | *kita / *kami /kita / kami/ | kata / kaimin /kata / kaimin/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ |
| Nome | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ | nangan /naŋan/ | ngadan /ŋadan/ | *ŋajan /ŋajan/ | ngaan /ŋaan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ |
| Persona | tademaw /tadəmaw/ | tamdaw /tamðaw/ | lazat /lazat/ | trau /ʈau/ | *Cau /tsau/ | bunun /bunun/ | — |
| Testa | tangah /taŋah/ | tangal /taŋal/ | uru /uʁu/ | tranguruʼ /ʈaŋuɾuʔ/ | *quluh /quluh/ | bungu /buŋu/ | — |
| Occhio | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /maˈta/ | mata /mata/ | *maCa /maCa/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Orecchio | tangilaʼ /taŋilaʔ/ | tangila /taŋila/ | kayal /kajal/ | tangila /taŋiɭa/ | *Caliŋa /tsaliŋa/ | tainga /taiŋa/ | — |
| Naso | cihek /tsihək/ | ngosoʼ /ŋosoʔ/ | unung /unuŋ/ | tingran /tiŋɾan/ | *ujuŋ /ujuŋ/ | ngutus /ŋutus/ | — |
| Bocca | laway /lawaj/ | ngoyos /ŋojos/ | ngibiR /ŋibiʁ/ | indan /indan/ | — | ngulus /ŋulus/ | — |
| Dente | ngipən /ŋipən/ | walis /walis/ | bangraw /baŋʁau/ | wali /wali/ | *nipen /nipen/ | nipun /nipun/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ |
| Lingua | səmaʼ /səmaʔ/ | sema /səmaʔ/ | rilam /ʁilam/ | lidam /ɭiɖam/ | *Sema /Sema/ | mamaʼ /mamaʔ/ | lidah /lidah/ |
| Mano | kamay /kamai/ | kamay /kamaj/ | rima /riˈma/ | lima /lima/ | *lima /lima/ | ima /ima/ | tangan /taŋan/ |
| Cuore | gawang /ɡawaŋ/ | falokoʼ /falokoʔ/ | anem /aˈnəm/ | kalumetan /kalumetan/ | *pusuq /pusuq/ | is-ang /isaŋ/ | hati /hati/ |
| Osso | ʼukak /ʔukak/ | ʼokak /ʔokak/ | tiran /tiʁan/ | ukak /ukak/ | *CuqelaN /CuqelaN/ | tuhnaz /tuhnað/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ |
| Sangue | ʼidang /ʔidaŋ/ | remes /rəməs/ | rinang /ʁinaŋ/ | damuk /damuk/ | *daRaq /daRaq/ | haidang /haidaŋ/ | darah /darah/ |
| Cacca | taiʼ /taiʔ/ | tayiʼ /tajiʔ/ | tad /tad/ | traʼi /ʈaʔi/ | *Caqi /tsaqi/ | taki /taki/ | — |
| Amore | maolah /maolah/ | maolah /maolah/ | — /—/ | ulaw /ulaw/ | — /—/ | madaidaz /madaidaz/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ |
| Albero | kilang /kilaŋ/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | kasuy /kaˈsuj/ | kawi /kawi/ | *kaSiw /kaSiw/ | kahu /kahu/ | kayu /kaju/ |
| Cane | waco /watʃo/ | wacu /watsu/ | wasu /waˈsu/ | suwan /suwan/ | *asu /asu/ | asu /asu/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ |
| Gatto | posi /posi/ | posi /posi/ | ngiyaw /ŋiˈjaw/ | kating /katiŋ/ | — /—/ | ngingiyaw /ŋiŋijaw/ | — /—/ |
| Pesce | buting /butiŋ/ | futing /futiŋ/ | baut /baut/ | kuraw /kuɾaw/ | *Sikan /Sikan/ | iskan /iskan/ | ikan /ikan/ |
| Uccello | ayam /ajam/ | ayam /ˈajam/ | alam /aˈɬam/ | ayam /ajam/ | *manuk /manuk/ | hazam /hazam/ | burung /buruŋ/ |
| Farfalla | adipapang /adipapaŋ/ | ʼadipangpang /ʔaðipaŋpaŋ/ | pulaw /pulaw/ | aribanglranglrawan /aɾibaŋɭaŋɭawan/ | *baŋbaŋ /baŋbaŋ/ | balikuan /balikuan/ | — |
| Uovo | tiʼkuk /tiʔkuk/ | fitaʼol /fitaʔol/ | tirur /tiʁuʁ/ | bitrenun /biʈənun/ | *qiCeluR /qicəlur/ | lububunun /lububunun/ | — |
| Orso | tumay /tumai/ | tomay /tomaj/ | tumay /tuˈmai/ | trumay /ʈumaj/ | *Cumay /Cumay/ | tumaz /tumað/ | — |
| Cavallo | kabayu /kabaju/ | efa /əfa/ | kebayu /kəbaju/ | eva /əva/ | — | tasasikis /tasasikis/ | — |
| Casa | luma /luma/ | lomaʼ /lomaʔ/ | lepaw /ləˈpaw/ | ruma /ɾuma/ | *Rumaq /Rumaq/ | lumaq /lumaq/ | rumah /rumah/ |
| Latte | hacul /hatsul/ | hacol /hatsol/ | — | susu /susu/ | — | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ |
| Miele | waneng nu wadu /wanəŋ nu wadu/ | waneng no ʼodal /waneŋ no ʔoðal/ | wanu /wanu/ | kawalruwan /kawaɭuwan/ | — | vanu /vanu/ | — |
| Sale | cikah /tsikah/ | cilah /tsilah/ | zemiyan /zəmijan/ | iyam /ijam/ | *qasiRa /qasiRa/ | hasila /hasila/ | garam /ɡaram/ |
| Riso | belac /bəlats/ | felac /fəlats/ | beRas /bəʁas/ | veras /vəɾas/ | *beRas /beRas/ | cilas /tsilas/ | — |
| Cioccolato | chocolate | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Ferro | mukin /mukin/ | marad /marad/ | balis /baˈlis/ | batulrayaw /batuɭajaw/ | *Namat /Namat/ | ngul-a /ŋulʔa/ | — |
| Ruota | bihel /bihel/ | fiher /fiher/ | krizeng /kriˈzəŋ/ | mutralatralaw /muʈalaʈalaw/ | — | tauntaun /tauntaun/ | — |
| Libro | cudad /tsudad/ | cudad /tsuðad/ | sudad /sudad/ | valray /vaɭaj/ | — | patasan /patasan/ | — |
| Mangiare | hekal /hekal/ | komaen /komaən/ | quman /quˈman/ | kuman /kuman/ | *kaen /kaen/ | maun /maun/ | makan /makan/ |
| Bere | mihecak /mihetʃak/ | minom /minom/ | mimum /miˈmum/ | enpa /enpa/ | *inum /inum/ | muqun /muqun/ | minum /minum/ |
| Dormire | mabiʼ /mabiʔ/ | mafotiʼ /mafotiʔ/ | mainep /maiˈnəp/ | alrupeʼ /aɭupəʔ/ | *tuduR /tuduR/ | masabah /masabah/ | tidur /tidur/ |
| Uno | cacay /tʃatʃai/ | cecay /tsetsaj/ | issa /ˈissa/ | sa /sa/ | *isa /isa/ | tasa /tasa/ | sa /sa/ |
| Due | tusa /tusa/ | tosa /tosaʔ/ | zusa /zusa/ | zua /ʐua/ | *duSa /duSa/ | dusa /dusa/ | dua /dua/ |
| Tre | tulu /tulu/ | tolo /tolo/ | turu /tuɾu/ | telu /təlu/ | *telu /telu/ | tau /tau/ | tlu /tlu/ |
| Quattro | sepat /səpat/ | sepat /səpat/ | spat /spat/ | pat /pat/ | *Sepat /səpat/ | paat /paːt/ | mpat /əmpat/ |
| Cinque | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | rima /riˈma/ | lima /lima/ | *lima /lima/ | hima /hima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Cento | lasubu /lasubu/ | smoʼot /smoʔot/ | Rasibu /ʁasibu/ | saleman /saɭəman/ | *RaCus /RaCus/ | saba /saba/ | ratus /ratus/ |
| Ciao | marayas /maɾajas/ | ngaʼay ho /ŋaʔaj ho/ | — /—/ | marayas /maɾajas/ | — /—/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | lalumahan /lalumahan/ | aray /araj/ | — /—/ | kasapakan /kasapakan/ | — /—/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | kapah /kapah/ | kapah /kapah/ | nngi /nŋi/ | mauruway /mauɾuwai/ | — /—/ | masial /masial/ | baik /baik/ |
| Nuovo | baluhay /baluhaj/ | faluhay /faluhaj/ | tasu /tasu/ | bekal /bəkaɭ/ | *baqeRuh /baqeRuh/ | bahlu /baɬu/ | — |
| Rosso | sumanah /sumanah/ | kahengangay /kahəŋaŋaj/ | tebari /təbaʀi/ | midarang /miɖaraŋ/ | *ma-iRaq /ma-iRaq/ | madanghas /madaŋhas/ | merah /merah/ |
| Bianco | sanglac /saŋlatʃ/ | fohecalay /fohətsalaj/ | busar /busaʀ/ | bulenan /buɭənan/ | *ma-putiq /maputiq/ | maduhlas /maduɬas/ | putih /putih/ |
| Nero | lumeniʼ /luməniʔ/ | kohtingay /kohtiŋaj/ | tengen /təŋən/ | udedem /uɖəɖəm/ | *qeCeŋeN /qeCeŋeN/ | matahdung /matahduŋ/ | hitam /hitam/ |
| Verde | langdaway /laŋdawaj/ | kangdaway /kaŋdawaj/ | puli /puli/ | miraʼat /miraʔat/ | — | masanglav /masaŋlav/ | — |
| Blu | sumilaway /sumilawaj/ | langdaway /laŋdawaj/ | puli /puli/ | tremangiya /ʈəmaŋija/ | — | masanglav /masaŋlav/ | — |
| Computer | tingnaw /tiŋnaw/ | tingnaw /tiŋnaw/ | tiannaw /tiannaw/ | tinnaw /tinnaw/ | — | tinnau /tinnau/ | — |
| Wi-Fi | Wi-Fi | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Tè | ucya /utʃja/ | ociya /otsija/ | — | — | — | ucia /utsia/ | — |
| Caffè | kuhi /kuhi/ | kohi /kohi/ | — | — | — | kapi /kapi/ | — |
| Zucchero | waneng /wanəŋ/ | waneng /waneŋ/ | waneng /waˈnəŋ/ | walru | — | kamasia /kamasia/ | — |
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