Chasu
Asu
atlântico-congo
O asu (também pare, chasu) é uma língua banta das montanhas do Pare Meridional, no nordeste da Tanzânia, irmã do rwa do Pare Setentrional (rwk) dentro do grupo pare E.31. O povo pare (asu + rwa juntos ~640 mil) tem uma tradição distintiva de fundição de ferro que historicamente forneceu ferramentas de ferro por toda a região do Kilimanjaro. Linguisticamente, o asu apresenta traços típicos do banto E.30: ~10 classes nominais com concordância, um sistema tonal complexo e um aspecto morfológico produtivo. O trabalho de tradução da Bíblia desde a década de 1990 produziu materiais padronizados de alfabetização em asu, com o Novo Testamento em asu publicado em 2005.
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87 palavras essenciais em asu
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Comparação com línguas da mesma classificação: atlântico-congo
| Significado | Asu | Shambala | Nyaturu | Nyamwezi | Rwa | Sena | Sukuma |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | mende /mende/ | mazi /mazi/ | maji /madʒi/ | minzi /minzi/ | mura /muɾa/ | madzi /madzi/ | minzi /minzi/ |
| Fogo | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | muro /muɾo/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Sol | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | zuwa /zuwa/ | yura /juɾa/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ | saa /saː/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | liimi /liːmi/ |
| Lua | mwezi /mwezi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | mwiri /mwiɾi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | ng'weji /ŋweːdʒi/ |
| Estrela | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ | njota /ndʒota/ | nsonda /nsonda/ | nyinyiri /ɲiɲiɾi/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | sonda /sonda/ |
| Noite | usiku /usiku/ | kilo /kilo/ | utiku /utiku/ | buziku /buziku/ | kio /kio/ | usiku /usiku/ | bujiku /budʒiku/ |
| Chuva | mvua /mvua/ | fula /fula/ | mbura /mbura/ | mbula /mbula/ | fua /fua/ | mvura /mvura/ | mbula /mbula/ |
| Neve | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ | — | seluji /seludʒi/ | theluji /θeluʒi/ | mboṛongo /mboɾoŋɡo/ | neve /neve/ | seluji /seludʒi/ |
| Vento | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ | mburaato /mbuɾaːto/ | mphepo /mpʰepo/ | nyaga /ɲaɡa/ |
| Terra | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | uteri /uteɾi/ | mataka /mataka/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ |
| Pedra | ibwe /ibwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | mwala /mwala/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Montanha | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | muima /muima/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | uro /uɾo/ | phiri /pʰiri/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ |
| Mar | bahari /bahari/ | bahali /bahali/ | irambo /iɾambo/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | nruva /nɾuva/ | bara /bara/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ |
| Mãe | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mayu /maju/ | mama /mama/ | mai /mai/ | mayu /maju/ |
| Pai | baba /baba/ | tate /tate/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ |
| Filha | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | mwana wa kika /mwana wa kika/ | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ | nshike /nʃike/ |
| Eu | mine /mine/ | imi /imi/ | une /une/ | nene /ˈnene/ | inyi /iɲi/ | ine /ine/ | nene /nene/ |
| Tu | uwe /uwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | bebe /bebe/ |
| Nós | uswi /uswi/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ | sese /sese/ | iswe /iswe/ | ise /ise/ | ife /ife/ | yise /jise/ |
| Nome | izina /izina/ | zina /zina/ | rina /ɾina/ | lina /ˈlina/ | irina /irina/ | dzina /dzina/ | lina /lina/ |
| Pessoa | mntu /mntu/ | mntu /mntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | munhu /munhu/ | nndu /ndu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munhu /munhu/ |
| Cabeça | mtwi /mtwi/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | itwe /itwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | nrwe /nɾwe/ | nsolo /nsolo/ | ntwe /ntwe/ |
| Olho | iiso /iːso/ | zisho /ziʃo/ | riho /riho/ | liso /liso/ | iriso /iɾiso/ | diso /diso/ | liso /liso/ |
| Orelha | isikio /isikio/ | shikio /ʃikio/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | itwi /itwi/ | kuri /kuɾi/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | gutu /ɡutu/ |
| Nariz | fua /fua/ | mpua /mpua/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | nindo /nindo/ | — | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | lyulu /ljulu/ |
| Boca | momo /momo/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | momo /momo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | kana /kana/ | nkanwa /nkanwa/ | nomo /nomo/ |
| Dente | jino /dʒino/ | zino /zino/ | ino /ino/ | lino /lino/ | iyoo /ijoː/ | dzino /dzino/ | lino /lino/ |
| Língua | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | ulumi /ulumi/ | lirimi /lirimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Mão | mkono /mkono/ | mkono /mkono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | kukono /kukono/ | uko /uko/ | nkono /nkono/ | nkono /nkono/ |
| Pé | ivunda /ivunda/ | mulundi /mulundi/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | urende /uɾende/ | mwendo /mwendo/ | lupambala /lupambala/ |
| Coração | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | moyo /mojo/ | umutima /umutima/ | moyo /mojo/ | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | ntima /ntima/ | ng'holo /ŋholo/ |
| Osso | ivindi /ivindi/ | vuha /vuha/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | ifua /ifua/ | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ | iguha /iɡuha/ |
| Sangue | sakame /sakame/ | mpome /mpome/ | sakami /sakami/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | usao /usao/ | malopa /malopa/ | mininga /miniŋɡa/ |
| Amor | lumba /lumba/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | ikunda /ikunda/ | kufuna /kufuna/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| Árvore | mti /mti/ | mti /mti/ | umuti /umuti/ | muti /muti/ | nri /nɾi/ | muti /muti/ | nti /nti/ |
| Cão | mbwa /mbwa/ | kuli /kuli/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mboha /mboha/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mva /mva/ |
| Gato | paka /paka/ | nyau /ɲau/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | nyabu /ɲabu/ |
| Peixe | samaki /samaki/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /somba/ | somba /soːmba/ | ikunga /ikuŋɡa/ | omba /omba/ | ndilo /ndilo/ |
| Pássaro | ideghe /ideɣe/ | deghe /deɣe/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | noni /noni/ | ndee /ndeː/ | mbalame /mbalame/ | noni /noni/ |
| Ovo | igi /iɡi/ | tagi /taɡi/ | ighe /iɣe/ | igi /iɡi/ | ngosho /ŋɡoʃo/ | dzai /dzai/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Cavalo | farasi /farasi/ | faashi /faːʃi/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | falasi /falasi/ | farasi /faɾasi/ | kavalo /kavalo/ | falasa /falasa/ |
| Casa | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ |
| Leite | mavee /maveː/ | mele /mele/ | maya /maja/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ | maruva /maɾuva/ | nkaka /nkaka/ | mabeele /mabeːle/ |
| Mel | nzoke /nzoke/ | woki /woki/ | ruke /ruke/ | buuki /buːki/ | uki /uki/ | uci /utʃi/ | buuki /buːki/ |
| Sal | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munu /munu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munhu /munhu/ |
| Vinho | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mfinyo /mfiɲo/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | mvinya /mviɲa/ |
| Ferro | kighera /kiɣera/ | kiama /kiama/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | kisinza /kisinza/ | minya /miɲa/ | utale /utale/ | jisinza /dʒisinza/ |
| Seda | hariri /hariri/ | halili /halili/ | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | — | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | seda /seda/ | halili /halili/ |
| Livro | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | bukhu /bukʰu/ | shitabo /ʃitabo/ |
| Comer | kurya /kurja/ | kuja /kuɟa/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | ilya /ilja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Beber | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | inwa /inwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ |
| Dormir | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kulala /kulala/ | — | kugona /kuɡona/ | kulala /kulala/ |
| Um | imwe /imwe/ | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ | umwe /umwe/ | imo /imo/ | mongo /moŋɡo/ | posi /posi/ | imo /imo/ |
| Dois | avili /aβili/ | mbili /mbili/ | aviri /aβiri/ | ibili /iβili/ | fivili /fivili/ | piŵiri /piwiri/ | ibili /ibili/ |
| Três | adatu /adatu/ | katatu /katatu/ | itatu /itatu/ | idatu /idatu/ | firaru /fiɾaɾu/ | pitatu /pitatu/ | idatu /idatʊ/ |
| Cem | ighana /iɣana/ | gana /ɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | igana /iɡana/ | iyana /ijana/ | dzana /dzana/ | igana /iɡana/ |
| Olá | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | — /—/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | mwadita /mwadita/ | kira /kiɾa/ | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ | mwangaluka /mwaŋɡaluka/ |
| Obrigado | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | asante /asante/ | asante /aˈsante/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | asante /asante/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | nakulumba /nakulumba/ |
| Bom | mwamba /mwamba/ | mtana /mtana/ | kihi /kihi/ | soga /soɡa/ | kya /kja/ | nadidi /nadidi/ | awiza /awiza/ |
| Novo | shaa /ʃaː/ | mpya /mpja/ | mpya /mpja/ | pya /pja/ | shiiya /ʃiːja/ | ipsa /ipsa/ | pya /pja/ |
| Vermelho | nkundu /nkundu/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | ntune /ntune/ | laluku /laluku/ | itondoṛie /itondoɾie/ | funga /funɡa/ | ndulu /ndulu/ |
| Branco | jewa /dʒewa/ | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | pe /pe/ | sheelwa /ʃeːlwa/ | cena /tʃena/ | ape /ape/ |
| Preto | jiru /dʒiru/ | size /size/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | pi /pi/ | shuu /ʃuː/ | psipa /psipa/ | api /api/ |
| 99 | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | milongo kenda na kenda /miloŋɡo keːnda na keːnda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kyeenda na kyeenda /makumi kjeːnda na kjeːnda/ | makumapfemba na mapfemba /makumapfemba na mapfemba/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makʊmi kenda na kenda/ |
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