Kimashami
Machame
família atlântico-congo (ramo banto, grupo chaga)
O machame (kimashami) é a maior das línguas banto chaga das encostas meridionais do monte Kilimanjaro, no norte da Tanzânia. O povo chaga é famoso por ser um dos grupos indígenas economicamente mais bem-sucedidos da África Oriental, tendo desenvolvido um sofisticado sistema agroflorestal de "horta doméstica" (kihamba) sobre os ricos solos vulcânicos do Kilimanjaro. É tonal, com um elaborado sistema de classes nominais; o machame e os dialetos estreitamente aparentados vunjo, rombo e kibosho formam um continuum que se estende ao longo da escarpa do Kilimanjaro.
Onde é falada
87 palavras essenciais em machame
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Palavras comparadas
Comparação com línguas da mesma classificação: família atlântico-congo (ramo banto, grupo chaga)
| Significado | Machame | Rwa | Asu | Nyamwezi | Sukuma | Nyaturu | Shambala |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | mura /muɾa/ | mura /muɾa/ | mende /mende/ | minzi /minzi/ | minzi /minzi/ | maji /madʒi/ | mazi /mazi/ |
| Fogo | muro /muɾo/ | muro /muɾo/ | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Sol | mwi /mwi/ | saa /saː/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ | liimi /liːmi/ | yura /juɾa/ | zuwa /zuwa/ |
| Lua | mwiiri /mwiːɾi/ | mwiri /mwiɾi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | ng'weji /ŋweːdʒi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ |
| Estrela | nyinyiri /ɲiɲiɾi/ | nyinyiri /ɲiɲiɾi/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | nsonda /nsonda/ | sonda /sonda/ | njota /ndʒota/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ |
| Noite | kio /kio/ | kio /kio/ | usiku /usiku/ | buziku /buziku/ | bujiku /budʒiku/ | utiku /utiku/ | kilo /kilo/ |
| Chuva | mbuo /mbuo/ | fua /fua/ | mvua /mvua/ | mbula /mbula/ | mbula /mbula/ | mbura /mbura/ | fula /fula/ |
| Neve | kyaamwi /kjaːmwi/ | mboṛongo /mboɾoŋɡo/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ | theluji /θeluʒi/ | seluji /seludʒi/ | seluji /seludʒi/ | — |
| Vento | uraato /uɾaːto/ | mburaato /mbuɾaːto/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ | nyaga /ɲaɡa/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ |
| Terra | uteri /uteɾi/ | uteri /uteɾi/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ |
| Pedra | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Montanha | ifumbu /ifumbu/ | uro /uɾo/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | muima /muima/ |
| Mar | yeeve /jeːve/ | nruva /nɾuva/ | bahari /bahari/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | irambo /iɾambo/ | bahali /bahali/ |
| Mãe | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mayu /maju/ | mayu /maju/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ |
| Pai | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ | tate /tate/ |
| Filha | mwana wa kyika /mwana wa kjika/ | mwana wa kika /mwana wa kika/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | nshike /nʃike/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ |
| Eu | yeny /jeɲ/ | inyi /iɲi/ | mine /mine/ | nene /ˈnene/ | nene /nene/ | une /une/ | imi /imi/ |
| Tu | yewe /jewe/ | iwe /iwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | bebe /bebe/ | uwe /uwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Nós | yese /jese/ | ise /ise/ | uswi /uswi/ | iswe /iswe/ | yise /jise/ | sese /sese/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ |
| Nome | irina /irina/ | irina /irina/ | izina /izina/ | lina /ˈlina/ | lina /lina/ | rina /ɾina/ | zina /zina/ |
| Pessoa | nndu /ndu/ | nndu /ndu/ | mntu /mntu/ | munhu /munhu/ | munhu /munhu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mntu /mntu/ |
| Cabeça | nrwe /nɾwe/ | nrwe /nɾwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | ntwe /ntwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ |
| Olho | iriso /iɾiso/ | iriso /iɾiso/ | iiso /iːso/ | liso /liso/ | liso /liso/ | riho /riho/ | zisho /ziʃo/ |
| Orelha | kuri /kuɾi/ | kuri /kuɾi/ | isikio /isikio/ | itwi /itwi/ | gutu /ɡutu/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | shikio /ʃikio/ |
| Nariz | mmboo /mːboː/ | — | fua /fua/ | nindo /nindo/ | lyulu /ljulu/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | mpua /mpua/ |
| Boca | kana /kana/ | kana /kana/ | momo /momo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | nomo /nomo/ | momo /momo/ | kanwa /kanwa/ |
| Dente | iyoo /ijoː/ | iyoo /ijoː/ | jino /dʒino/ | lino /lino/ | lino /lino/ | ino /ino/ | zino /zino/ |
| Língua | ulumi /ulumi/ | ulumi /ulumi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ |
| Mão | woko /woko/ | uko /uko/ | mkono /mkono/ | kukono /kukono/ | nkono /nkono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | mkono /mkono/ |
| Pé | urende /uɾende/ | urende /uɾende/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | lupambala /lupambala/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | mulundi /mulundi/ |
| Coração | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | moyo /mojo/ | ng'holo /ŋholo/ | umutima /umutima/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| Osso | ifua /ifua/ | ifua /ifua/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | vuha /vuha/ |
| Sangue | samu /samu/ | usao /usao/ | sakame /sakame/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | mininga /miniŋɡa/ | sakami /sakami/ | mpome /mpome/ |
| Cocô | maafi /maːfi/ | — | — | maafi /maːfi/ | maashi /maːʃi/ | — | mavi /mavi/ |
| Amor | ìkwenda /ikwenda/ | ikunda /ikunda/ | lumba /lumba/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | kukunda /kukunda/ |
| Árvore | nri /nɾi/ | nri /nɾi/ | mti /mti/ | muti /muti/ | nti /nti/ | umuti /umuti/ | mti /mti/ |
| Cão | ikite /ikite/ | mboha /mboha/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mva /mva/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | kuli /kuli/ |
| Gato | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | nyabu /ɲabu/ | paka /paka/ | nyau /ɲau/ |
| Peixe | kunga /kuŋɡa/ | ikunga /ikuŋɡa/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /soːmba/ | ndilo /ndilo/ | somba /somba/ | samaki /samaki/ |
| Pássaro | ndeye /ndeje/ | ndee /ndeː/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | noni /noni/ | noni /noni/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | deghe /deɣe/ |
| Ovo | ipore /ipoɾe/ | ngosho /ŋɡoʃo/ | igi /iɡi/ | igi /iɡi/ | igi /iɡi/ | ighe /iɣe/ | tagi /taɡi/ |
| Cavalo | frasi /fɾasi/ | farasi /faɾasi/ | farasi /farasi/ | falasi /falasi/ | falasa /falasa/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | faashi /faːʃi/ |
| Casa | mmba /mːba/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Leite | malela /malela/ | maruva /maɾuva/ | mavee /maveː/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ | mabeele /mabeːle/ | maya /maja/ | mele /mele/ |
| Mel | ukyi /ukji/ | uki /uki/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | buuki /buːki/ | buuki /buːki/ | ruke /ruke/ | woki /woki/ |
| Sal | shumbi /ʃumbi/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munu /munu/ | munhu /munhu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Vinho | mfinyo /mfiɲo/ | mfinyo /mfiɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinya /mviɲa/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Ferro | minya /miɲa/ | minya /miɲa/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | kisinza /kisinza/ | jisinza /dʒisinza/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | kiama /kiama/ |
| Roda | kireto /kiɾeto/ | — | — | — | idandali /idandali/ | — | — |
| Livro | kyitabu /kjitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | shitabo /ʃitabo/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Comer | ìlya /iʎa/ | ilya /ilja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kuja /kuɟa/ |
| Beber | ìnyo /iɲo/ | inwa /inwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Dormir | ìlala /ilala/ | — | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kulala /kulala/ | kulala /kulala/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ |
| Um | ìmwí /imwi/ | mongo /moŋɡo/ | imwe /imwe/ | imo /imo/ | imo /imo/ | umwe /umwe/ | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ |
| Dois | fiwii /fiwiː/ | fivili /fivili/ | avili /aβili/ | ibili /iβili/ | ibili /ibili/ | aviri /aβiri/ | mbili /mbili/ |
| Três | fihahu /fihahu/ | firaru /fiɾaɾu/ | adatu /adatu/ | idatu /idatu/ | idatu /idatʊ/ | itatu /itatu/ | katatu /katatu/ |
| Quatro | fiina /fiina/ | fiini /fiːni/ | — | inne /inːe/ | ine /ine/ | inne /inːe/ | kane /kaːne/ |
| Cinco | fihanu /fihanu/ | firaanu /fiɾaːnu/ | — | itaano /itaːno/ | itano /itano/ | itano /itano/ | kashano /kaʃano/ |
| Cem | iyana /ijana/ | iyana /ijana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | gana /ɡana/ |
| Olá | máshàlòmà /maʃaloma/ | kira /kiɾa/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | mwadita /mwadita/ | mwangaluka /mwaŋɡaluka/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | — /—/ |
| Obrigado | ahsànte /ahsante/ | asante /asante/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | nakulumba /nakulumba/ | asante /aˈsante/ | asante /asante/ |
| Bom | ìchá /itʃa/ | kya /kja/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | soga /soɡa/ | awiza /awiza/ | kihi /kihi/ | mtana /mtana/ |
| Novo | shiiya /ʃiːja/ | shiiya /ʃiːja/ | shaa /ʃaː/ | pya /pja/ | pya /pja/ | mpya /mpja/ | mpya /mpja/ |
| Vermelho | idodorye /idodoɾje/ | itondoṛie /itondoɾie/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | laluku /laluku/ | ndulu /ndulu/ | ntune /ntune/ | nkundu /nkundu/ |
| Branco | shaa /ʃaː/ | sheelwa /ʃeːlwa/ | jewa /dʒewa/ | pe /pe/ | ape /ape/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ |
| Preto | shuu /ʃuː/ | shuu /ʃuː/ | jiru /dʒiru/ | pi /pi/ | api /api/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | size /size/ |
| 99 | makumi kyeenda na kyeenda /makumi kjeːnda na kjeːnda/ | makumi kyeenda na kyeenda /makumi kjeːnda na kjeːnda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makʊmi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | milongo kenda na kenda /miloŋɡo keːnda na keːnda/ |
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