Gayogo̱hó:nǫʼ
Cayuga
iroquês (setentrional, Cinco Nações)
O cayuga (Gayogo̱hó:nǫʼ, «povo do pântano») é uma língua iroquesa do Norte da histórica Nação Cayuga, originária do lago Cayuga (Finger Lakes), em Nova Iorque. A dispersão das Seis Nações da Confederação Iroquesa (Haudenosaunee) após a Revolução Americana levou a maioria dos cayugas para Ontário. Hoje restam cerca de 30 falantes idosos fluentes nas Six Nations of the Grand River; uma pré-escola de imersão (Onǫkwaʼshónaʼ Gayogo̱hó:nǫʼ) e os programas para adultos do Six Nations Polytechnic sustentam os aprendizes desta língua de herança.
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87 palavras essenciais em cayuga
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Comparação com línguas da mesma classificação: iroquês (setentrional, Cinco Nações)
| Significado | Cayuga | Língua onondaga | Mohawk | Oneida | Tuscarora | Protoaustroasiático | Koyukon |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | ohneganóhs /ohneɡanóhs/ | ohnéganos /ohnéɡanos/ | ohné:kanos /ohnéːɡanos/ | one:kánus /oneːkánũs/ | awę: /awɛ̃ː/ | *ɗaːk /ɗaːk/ | too /toː/ |
| Fogo | odé:kaʼ /odéːkaʔ/ | odékhaʼ /odékʰaʔ/ | otsénhaʼ /odzʌ̃́haʔ/ | o:tsísteʼ /oːdʒísteʔ/ | ujihst /udʒihst/ | *ʔuːs /ʔuːs/ | kkunʼ /kːunʔ/ |
| Sol | gá:gwa:ʼ /ɡáːɡwaːʔ/ | gaehʼkwa /ɡaehʔkwa/ | karáhkwa /karáhkwa/ | kalahkwaʼ /kalahkwaʔ/ | hęhts /hɛ̃hts/ | *tŋiːʔ /tŋiːʔ/ | so /so/ |
| Lua | ęhníʼda:ʼ /ɛ̃hníʔdaːʔ/ | gaehʼkwa enitha /ɡaehʔkwa enitha/ | ehníta /ehníːta/ | wʌhní:taleʼ /wʌ̃hníːtaleʔ/ | hęhts uri:węh /hɛ̃hts uɾiːwɛ̃h/ | *khe(ː)ʔ /kheːʔ/ | dołtʼolee /doɬtʼoliː/ |
| Estrela | ojihsǫ́:da:ʼ /odʒihsṍːdaːʔ/ | otsistoʼgwaʼ /odʒistoʔɡwaʔ/ | otsistohkwaʼ /otsistohkwaʔ/ | otsistóhkwaʼ /odʒistóhkwaʔ/ | utsíhstaʼ /utsíhstaʔ/ | *smʔaɲ /smʔaɲ/ | tłoonʼ /tɬoːnʔ/ |
| Noite | ahsǫheh /ahsõheh/ | ahsų́t /ahsṹt/ | ahsútha /ahsṹtʰa/ | wahsutáti /wahsũtáti/ | ahthathu /ahθaθu/ | *cəːm /cəːm/ | łida /ɬida/ |
| Chuva | ohsda:ʼ /ohsdaːʔ/ | — | — | — | — | *gmaʔ /ɡmaʔ/ | konh /konh/ |
| Neve | oʼgraʼ /oʔɡraʔ/ | óʼgęʼ /óʔɡɛ̃ːʔ/ | óniehte /ónjehte/ | onyʌ́hteʼ /onjʌ̃́hteʔ/ | — | — | tseetl /tsʰiːtɬʰ/ |
| Vento | owá:deʼ /owáːdeʔ/ | ó·wæʼ /óːwæʔ/ | óweraʼ /óweraʔ/ | owe:lá /oweːlá/ | — | *kjɔʔ /kjɔʔ/ | — |
| Terra | ohéhdaʼ /ohéhdaʔ/ | — | ohóntsaʼ /ohṹtsaʔ/ | ohwʌ́tsyaʼ /ohwʌ̃́tsjaʔ/ | — | *tiʔ /tiʔ/ | ninʼ /ninʔ/ |
| Pedra | ga̱hsgwa:ʼ /ɡḁhskwaːʔ/ | — | onén:iaʼ /onʌ̃́ːjaʔ/ | onʌ:yá: /onʌ̃ːjáː/ | — | *tmɔʔ /tmɔʔ/ | laʼona /laʔona/ |
| Mãe | knó:haʼ /knóːhaʔ/ | ekno:haʼ /eknoːhaʔ/ | istá /istá/ | aknulha /aknũlha/ | raknų:hak /ɾaknũːhak/ | *maʔ /maʔ/ | eenaa /iːnaː/ |
| Pai | haʼnih /haʔnih/ | hakʼno:haʼ /hakʔnoːhaʔ/ | rakeʼníha /rakeʔníha/ | — /—/ | rakhnih /ɾakhnih/ | *ɓa(ː)ʔ /ɓaːʔ/ | eetaa /iːtaː/ |
| Filha | kehá:wahk /keháːwahk/ | khehá·wah /kʰeháːwah/ | kheién:ʼa /kʰejẽ́ːʔa/ | kheyʌ́:ha /kʰejʌ̃́ːha/ | — | — | — |
| Eu | i:ʼ /iːʔ/ | iʼ /iʔ/ | í:ʼi /íːʔi/ | iʼí /iʔí/ | í:ʼ /iːʔ/ | *ʔaɲ /ʔaɲ/ | see /siː/ |
| Tu | i:s /iːs/ | is /is/ | í:seʼ /íːseʔ/ | isé /isé/ | í:saʼ /iːsaʔ/ | *miːʔ /miːʔ/ | ninh /ninh/ |
| Nós | i:ʼ /iːʔ/ | iʼ /iʔ/ | í:ʼi /íːʔi/ | iʼí /iʔí/ | í:ʼ /iːʔ/ | *hiːʔ /hiːʔ/ | — /—/ |
| Nome | ga̱hsę́:naʼ /ɡḁhsɛ̃́ːnaʔ/ | yaʼts /jaʔts/ | kahsén:na /kahsʌ̃́ːna/ | ohsʌ:ná: /ohsʌ̃ːnáː/ | utshe:naʼ /utsʰeːnaʔ/ | *ɟmuh /ɟmuh/ | oos /oːs/ |
| Pessoa | ǫ́:gweh /ṍːɡweh/ | ų́·gweh /ṹːɡweh/ | ón:kwe /ṹːɡwe/ | ukwé /ũkwé/ | — | *m-raʔ /mraʔ/ | dinaa /dinaː/ |
| Cabeça | onǫ́ʼa:ʼ /onṍʔaːʔ/ | — | onón:tsi /onṹːtsi/ | — | — | *ɓoːkʔ /ɓoːkʔ/ | -tłeeʼ /tɬiːʔ/ |
| Olho | ogáhaʼ /oɡáhaʔ/ | oga:thaʼ /oɡaːtʰaʔ/ | okà:raʼ /okàːraʔ/ | oká:laʼ /okáːlaʔ/ | ka:tæk /kaːtæk/ | *mat /mat/ | -noghaʼ /noɣaʔ/ |
| Nariz | oʼnyǫ́hsaʼ /oʔɲṍhsaʔ/ | — | oʼniónhsaʼ /oʔnjṹhsaʔ/ | oʼnyúhsaʼ /oʔnjṹhsaʔ/ | — | *muh /muh/ | — |
| Dente | onóʼjaʼ /onóʔdʒaʔ/ | onóʼjaʼ /onóʔdʒaʔ/ | onáwiraʼ /onáwiraʔ/ | onawi:lá: /onawiːláː/ | uʼtuʼth /əʔtuʔθ/ | *lmVɲ /lməɲ/ | aghoʼ /aɣoʔ/ |
| Língua | awę́ʼno̱hsaʼ /awɛ̃́ʔno̥hsaʔ/ | oʼnahsaʼ /oʔnahsaʔ/ | oʼnáhsaʼ /oʔnã́hsaʔ/ | oʼnáhsaʼ /oʔnáhsaʔ/ | uʼtahs /əʔtahs/ | *lntaːk /lntaːk/ | łolaʼ /ɬolaʔ/ |
| Mão | ohsóhdaʼ /ohsóhdaʔ/ | onénǫhsaʼ /onénõhsaʔ/ | ohtsà:na /ohtsaːna/ | osnúhsaʼ /osnṹhsaʔ/ | kéhskweh /kehskweh/ | *tiːʔ /tiːʔ/ | -loʼ /loʔ/ |
| Pé | ohsiʼdaʼ /ohsiʔdaʔ/ | ohsiʼtaʼ /ohsiʔtaʔ/ | ohsì:taʼ /ohsìːtaʔ/ | ohsí:taʼ /ohsíːtaʔ/ | káhseh /kahseh/ | *ɟəːŋ /ɟəːŋ/ | -kkaaʼ /kːaːʔ/ |
| Coração | awę́yǫ̱hsaʼ /awɛ̃́jõ̥hsaʔ/ | awé:ri /awéːri/ | awerì:ʼa /aweɾìːʔa/ | awelyá:ne /aweljáːne/ | kęhsaʼ /kɛ̃hsaʔ/ | *nuːɕ /nuːɕ/ | -dzaayaʼ /tsaːjaʔ/ |
| Osso | ohsgyę́ʼda:ʼ /ohskjɛ̃́ʔdaːʔ/ | ostyęʼtaʼ /ostjɛ̃ʔtaʔ/ | ohstyenʼ /ohstjʌ̃ʔ/ | ostyʌ́ʼtaʼ /ostjʌ̃́ʔtaʔ/ | uhskęʼręh /əhskə̃ʔrəh/ | *cʔaːŋ /cʔaːŋ/ | tlʼinh /tɬʼinh/ |
| Sangue | tkwęhsæʼ /tkwɛ̃hsaʔ/ | otkwęhsaʼ /otkwɛ̃hsaʔ/ | onekwénhsaʼ /oneɡwʌ̃́hsaʔ/ | onekwʌ́hsaʼ /onekwʌ̃́hsaʔ/ | tkwarhaʼ /tkwarhaʔ/ | *mham /mham/ | lakkona /lakːona/ |
| Cocô | oʼdaʼ /oʔdaʔ/ | — | óʼta /óʔta/ | o:tá: /oːtáː/ | — | *ʔicʔ /ʔicʔ/ | — |
| Amor | ganǫ́hkwahsraʼ /ɡanṍhkwahsraʔ/ | gaonihsdá:wę /ɡaonihsdáːwɛ̃/ | khenorónhkhwa /kʰenorṹhkʰwa/ | kanolukhwásla /kanolũkʰwásla/ | krunyę:tas /kɾuɲɛ̃ːtas/ | — /—/ | kʼoonejee /kʼooneʒeː/ |
| Árvore | gra̱he:t /ɡrḁheːt/ | ga:endaʼ /ɡaːendaʔ/ | ó:kwire /óːkʷire/ | kalu:tóteʼ /kalũːtóteʔ/ | nyęt /ɲɛ̃t/ | *ɟɕɨːʔ /ɟɕɨːʔ/ | kʼeyh /kʼejh/ |
| Cão | só:wa:s /sóːwaːs/ | só:wa:s /sóːwaːs/ | érhar /érhar/ | é:lhal /éːlhal/ | čerʼ /tʃeɾʔ/ | *cɔː /cɔː/ | łeek /ɬeːk/ |
| Gato | dagu:s /daɡuːs/ | takó:s /takóːs/ | takò:s /takòːs/ | takóhs /takóhs/ | takʼo:s /takʔoːs/ | — /—/ | dotonh /dotonh/ |
| Peixe | ojǫ́ʼdaʼ /odʒṍʔdaʔ/ | ojoʼt /odʒoʔt/ | kéntsion /kʌ̃́tsjũ/ | kʌ́tsiʼ /kʌ̃́tsiʔ/ | itsh /itʃ/ | *kaʔ /kaʔ/ | tookkʼa /toːkʼa/ |
| Pássaro | jidę́:ʼęh /dʒidɛ̃́ːʔɛ̃h/ | ga·yoʼáh /ɡaːjoʔáh/ | otsiʼtén:ʼa /otsiʔtʌ̃́ːʔa/ | otsiʼtʌ́haʼ /odʒiʔtʌ̃́haʔ/ | — | *ciːm /ciːm/ | — |
| Borboleta | jiʼdana:wę: /dʒiʔdanaːwɛ̃ː/ | — | tsiʼktsinén:nawen /tsiʔktsinéːnawen/ | kana:wʌ́ /kanaːwʌ̃́/ | — | — | — |
| Ovo | oʼnhǫ́hsaʼ /oʔnhṍhsaʔ/ | oʼnhų́hsaʼ /oʔnhṹhsaʔ/ | oʼnhónhsa /oʔnhṹhsa/ | oʼnhúhsaʼ /oʔnhṹhsaʔ/ | — | *ktam /ktam/ | — |
| Urso | hnyagwaiʼ /hɲaɡwaiʔ/ | — | ohkwá:ri /ohkwáːri/ | ohkwa:lí /ohkwaːlí/ | uhčíhręʼ /əhtʃihɾə̃ʔ/ | — | sis /sis/ |
| Casa | ganǫ́hsaʼ /ɡanṍhsaʔ/ | ganǫhsoht /ɡanõhsoht/ | kanónhsaʼ /kanṹhsaʔ/ | kanúhsote /kanṹhsote/ | kanéhseʼę /kanehseʔɛ̃/ | *ɲaːʔ /ɲaːʔ/ | yah /jah/ |
| Leite | onǫ́ʼgwaʼ /onṍʔɡwaʔ/ | — | onòn:taʼ /onũ̀ːtaʔ/ | onú:taʼ /onṹːtaʔ/ | — | — | tlʼoo /tɬʼoː/ |
| Mel | otséhsdaʼ /otséhsdaʔ/ | — | — | óshes /óshes/ | — | — | — |
| Sal | ojíkeʼdaʼ /odʒíkeʔdaʔ/ | — | tyohyòtsis /tjohjòtsis/ | teyohyó:tsis /tejohjóːdʒis/ | — | *ɓɔːh /ɓɔːh/ | sol /sol/ |
| Ferro | ga̱hnyǫ́ʼǫhsraʼ /ɡḁhɲṍʔõhsraʔ/ | — | karístatsi /karístatsi/ | — | — | — | — |
| Roda | węʼníhsga:ʼ /wɛ̃ʔníhsɡaːʔ/ | — | okakwenta /okakʷenta/ | — | ukaʼneh /ukaʔneh/ | — | — |
| Comer | í:ge:s /íːɡeːs/ | ekho:neʼ /ekʰoːneʔ/ | í:keks /íːɡeks/ | — /—/ | kré:nuʼ /kɾeːnuʔ/ | *ɟaː /ɟaː/ | kʼahonh /kʼahonh/ |
| Beber | ga̱hnége̱haʼ /ɡḁhnéɡḁhaʔ/ | ehnega:iʼron /ehneɡaːiʔron/ | kahnek /kahnek/ | — /—/ | kré:hwiʼ /kɾeːhwiʔ/ | *ɲuʔ /ɲuʔ/ | kʼisinoonh /kʼisinoːnh/ |
| Um | sgá:t /skáːt/ | sgá:da /skáːda/ | énska /ʌ̃́ska/ | úskah /ṹskah/ | ę:cæ /ɛ̃ːtsæ/ | *muːj /muːj/ | kʼeetakkʼee /kʼiːtakʼiː/ |
| Dois | dekní: /dekníː/ | dégni /déɡni/ | tékeni /téːɡeni/ | tékni /tékni/ | néʼkti /neʔkti/ | *ɓaːr /ɓaːr/ | niteekkʼee /nitiːkʼiː/ |
| Três | ahsę́h /ahsɛ̃́h/ | áhsę /áhsɛ̃/ | áhsen /áhsʌ̃/ | áhsʌ /áhsʌ̃/ | áhsę /ahsɛ̃/ | *peʔ /peʔ/ | tokkʼee /tokʼiː/ |
| Quatro | géi /ɡéi/ | gayéi /ɡajéi/ | kaié:ri /ɡajéːɾi/ | kayé: /kajéː/ | hę́ʼtahk /hɛ̃ʔtahk/ | *punʔ /punʔ/ | — |
| Cinco | hwíhs /hwíhs/ | hwíks /hwíks/ | wísk /wísk/ | wísk /wísk/ | wísk /wisk/ | *pɗam /pɗam/ | — |
| Cem | sgá:t dewę́ʼnyawe:ʼ /skáːt dewɛ̃́ʔɲaweːʔ/ | — | tewenʼniáwe /tewʌ̃ʔnjáwe/ | tewʌhnyáwelu /tewʌ̃hnjáwelũ/ | kayáhstih /kajahstih/ | — | — |
| Olá | sgę́:nǫʼ /skɛ̃́ːnõʔ/ | sgë:nǫʼ /skẽːnõʔ/ | shé:kon /ʃéːkon/ | she:kú /sheːkṹ/ | skę:nu /skɛ̃ːnu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Obrigado | nya:węh /ɲaːwɛ̃h/ | nya:węʼ /njaːwɛ̃ʔ/ | niá:wen /niáːwen/ | ya:wʌ́ /jaːwʌ̃́/ | nyaʼwę: /ɲaʔwɛ̃ː/ | — /—/ | baaseeʼ /baːseːʔ/ |
| Bom | oyá:nreʼ /ojáːnreʔ/ | oyá:nre /ojáːnre/ | ioiánere /jojánere/ | skʌ:nʌ́ /skʌ̃ːnʌ̃́/ | unę:tsweht /unɛ̃ːtsweht/ | — /—/ | nizoonh /nizoːnh/ |
| Novo | á:se:ʼ /áːseːʔ/ | — | á:se /áːse/ | — | — | *tmeːʔ /tmeːʔ/ | — |
| Vermelho | otgwę́hji̱ʼa:ʼ /otɡwɛ̃́hdʒi̥ʔaːʔ/ | otkwę́ʼtaʼ /otkwɛ̃́ʔtaʔ/ | onekwènhtara /oneɡwʌ̃̀htara/ | onikwʌ́htalaʼ /onikwʌ̃́htalaʔ/ | utkwatar /utkwatar/ | *roːŋ /roːŋ/ | nełtseeyh /neɬtseːjh/ |
| Branco | gę́ʼgę: /ɡɛ̃́ʔɡɛ̃ː/ | owę:héʼsdaʼ /owɛ̃ːhéʔstaʔ/ | karà:ken /kaɾàːken/ | owísklaʼ /owísklaʔ/ | — | *ɓɔːk /ɓɔːk/ | — |
| Preto | swę́ʼda̱ʼę:ʼ /swɛ̃́ʔdḁʔɛ̃ːʔ/ | — | kahòn:tsi /kahũ̀ːtsi/ | oʼswʌ́:taʼ /oʔswʌ̃́ːtaʔ/ | — | *Cjoŋ /Cjoŋ/ | — |
| Verde | onráhda̱ʼę:ʼ /onráhdḁʔɛ̃ːʔ/ | — | óhonteʼ /óhũteʔ/ | awʌ:lá: /awʌ̃ːláː/ | — | *kciʔ /kciʔ/ | — |
| Azul | aǫ́hyaęʼ /aṍhjaɛ̃ʔ/ | — | orónhia /oɾṹhja/ | olú:yaʼ /olṹːjaʔ/ | — | — | — |
| Chá | odi: /odiː/ | — | tí /ti/ | — | — | — | — |
| Café | ká:fih /káːfih/ | — | káwhe /káwhe/ | — | — | — | — |
| Açúcar | nawę́ʼdaʼ /nawɛ̃́ʔdaʔ/ | — | otsikhè:ta /otsikʰèːta/ | onutákliʼ /onũtákliʔ/ | — | — | — |
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