𑀓𑀼𑀰𑀺𑀜𑁆𑀜𑁂 𑀓𑀾𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂
Tocário B
indo-europeu (tocário) · variedade histórica / oculta
O tocário B (tocário ocidental, cuchês) é o mais bem documentado dos dois tocários, possuindo um vasto corpus que inclui textos religiosos e documentos seculares. As duas línguas tocárias extinguiram-se por volta do ano 1000, deslocadas pelos povos turcos (uigures).
Onde é falada
87 palavras essenciais em tocário B
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Palavras comparadas
Comparação com línguas da mesma classificação: indo-europeu (tocário)
| Significado | Tocário B | Tocário A | Proto-tocário | Wichita | Grego micênico | Protourálico | Hitita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | 𑀯𑀭𑁆 /war/ | 𑀯𑀭𑁆 /wær/ | *wär /wər/ | kicʔa /kitsʔa/ | 𐀄𐀈 /hudɔːr/ | *wete /wete/ | 𒉿𒀀𒋻 /waːtar/ |
| Fogo | 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑀭𑁆 /puwar/ | 𑀧𑁄𑀭𑁆 /por/ | *pŭwār /puwaːr/ | heːcʔa /heːtsʔa/ | 𐀢 /pyːr/ | *tule /tule/ | 𒉺𒄴𒄯 /paxːur/ |
| Sol | 𑀓𑁅𑀁 /kauŋ/ | 𑀓𑁄𑀁 /kom/ | *kāunä /kaːunə/ | saːkhirʔa /saːkʰiɾʔa/ | 𐀀𐀸𐀪𐀍 /haːwelios/ | *kaja /kaja/ | — /—/ |
| Lua | 𑀫𑁂𑀜𑁂 /meɲe/ | 𑀫𑀜𑁆 /mæɲ/ | *mēñē /meːɲeː/ | waːh /waːh/ | 𐀕 /mɛːn/ | *kuŋe /kuŋe/ | 𒀀𒅈𒈠 /arma/ |
| Estrela | 𑀰𑁆𑀘𑀺𑀭𑁆𑀬𑁂 /ɕtɕirje/ | 𑀰𑁆𑀭𑁂𑀁 /ɕreⁿ/ | *scär /stsər/ | hiːkwirikʔa /hiːkʷiɾikʔa/ | 𐀀𐀳𐀫 /astɛːr/ | *täštä /tæʃtæ/ | 𒄩𒀸𒋼𒅕𒍝 /xasterts/ |
| Noite | 𑀬𑀱𑀻𑀬𑁂 /jʂiːje/ | 𑀯𑀱𑁂 /wʂe/ | *wyäṣi /wjəʂi/ | ckhaːrʔa /tskʰaːɾʔa/ | — /—/ | *üje /yje/ | 𒅖𒉺𒀭𒍝 /ispants/ |
| Chuva | 𑀲𑁆𑀯𑁂𑀲𑁂 /swese/ | 𑀲𑁆𑀯𑀲𑁂 /swase/ | *sŭwese /suwese/ | — | — | — | 𒄭𒂊𒍑 /xeːus/ |
| Vento | 𑀬𑁂𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂 /jente/ | 𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 /want/ | *wyente /wjente/ | niweʔeːrʔa /niweʔeːɾʔa/ | 𐀀𐀚𐀗 /anemos/ | *towle /towle/ | 𒄷𒌋𒉿𒀭𒍝 /xuwants/ |
| Terra | 𑀓𑁂𑀁 /kem/ | 𑀢𑁆𑀓𑀁 /tkam/ | *tken /tken/ | — | — | *ma /ma/ | 𒋼𒂊𒅗𒀭 /teːkan/ |
| Pedra | 𑀓𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁂𑀜𑁂 /kərweɲe/ | 𑀓𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀜𑁆 /kərwaɲ/ | — | — | — | *kiwe /kiwe/ | 𒉺𒀸𒅆𒆷𒀸 /pasːilas/ |
| Montanha | 𑀱𑀮𑁂 /ʂale/ | 𑀱𑀼𑀮𑁆 /ʂul/ | *ṣwyäle /ʂwjəle/ | — | — | — | — |
| Mar | 𑀲𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀢𑀭𑁆 /samudtər/ | 𑀲𑀸𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀢𑀭𑁆 /saːmudtər/ | — | — | — | — | 𒀀𒊒𒈾𒀸 /arunas/ |
| Mãe | 𑀫𑀸𑀘𑁂𑀭𑁆 /maːtɕer/ | 𑀫𑀸𑀘𑀭𑁆 /maːtsar/ | *mācer /maːtser/ | eciyeːh /etsijeːh/ | 𐀔𐀳 /maːtɛːr/ | *emä /emæ/ | 𒀭𒈾𒀸 /anːas/ |
| Pai | 𑀧𑀸𑀘𑁂𑀭𑁆 /paːtɕer/ | 𑀧𑀸𑀘𑀭𑁆 /paːtsar/ | *āppo /aːppo/ | taːtah /taːtah/ | 𐀞𐀳 /patɛːr/ | *ićä /itɕæ/ | 𒀜𒋫𒀸 /atːas/ |
| Filha | 𑀢𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀘𑁂𑀭𑁆 /tkaːtɕer/ | 𑀘𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀘𑀭𑁆 /tskaːtsar/ | *t(ŭ)kācēr /tkaːtseːr/ | — | 𐀶𐀏𐀳 /tʰuɡatɛːr/ | — | — |
| Eu | 𑀜𑀰𑁆 /ɲəɕ/ | 𑀦𑀱𑁆 /nəʂ/ | *ñäś /ɲəɕ/ | nacʔih /natsʔih/ | 𐀁𐀒 /eɡɔː/ | *mun /mun/ | 𒌑𒊌 /uːk/ |
| Tu | 𑀢𑀼𑀯𑁂 /tuwe/ | 𑀢𑀼 /tu/ | *tuwe /tuwe/ | nasʔih /nasʔih/ | 𐀶 /tuː/ | *tun /tun/ | 𒍣𒅅 /tsik/ |
| Nós | 𑀯𑁂𑀲𑁆 /wes/ | 𑀯𑀲𑁆 /was/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | *me /me/ | 𒌑𒂊𒌍 /weːs/ |
| Nome | 𑀜𑁂𑀫𑁆 /ɲem/ | 𑀜𑁄𑀁 /ɲom/ | *ñēmä /ɲeːmə/ | hissaːrʔa /hissaːɾʔa/ | 𐀃𐀜𐀔 /onoma/ | *nimi /nimi/ | 𒆷𒀀𒈠𒀭 /laːman/ |
| Pessoa | 𑀰𑁅𑀫𑁄 /ɕau̯mo/ | 𑀦𑀧𑁂𑀁 /napem/ | *ćāumo /tɕaːumo/ | ihaas /ihaas/ | 𐀀𐀵𐀫𐀦 /antʰrɔːkʷos/ | — | 𒀭𒌅𒉿𒀪𒄩𒀸 /antuwaxːas/ |
| Cabeça | 𑀆𑀰𑁆𑀘𑁂 /aːɕtɕe/ | 𑀮𑀧𑁆 /lap/ | *ćäpālä /tɕəpaːlə/ | — | — | *päŋe /päŋe/ | 𒄩𒅈𒊭𒅈 /xarsar/ |
| Olho | 𑀏𑀓𑁆 /ek/ | 𑀅𑀓𑁆 /ak/ | *ëk /ək/ | kirikʔa /kiɾikʔa/ | — /—/ | *śilmä /śilmä/ | 𒊭𒆪𒉿 /sakuwa/ |
| Orelha | 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑁅𑀢𑁆𑀲𑁄 /klau̯tso/ | 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀲𑁆 /klots/ | *kleutsān /kleutsaːn/ | — | — | *pixlä /pixlæ/ | 𒅖𒋫𒈠𒀭 /istaman/ |
| Nariz | 𑀫𑁂𑀮𑀺 /meli/ | 𑀫𑀮𑁆 /mal/ | *mele- /mele/ | — | — | *näre /näre/ | — |
| Dente | 𑀓𑁂𑀫𑁂 /keme/ | 𑀓𑀫 /kəm/ | *keme /keme/ | aːkʔa /aːkʔa/ | — /—/ | *piŋi /piŋi/ | 𒅗𒀀𒂵 /kaːɡa/ |
| Língua | 𑀓𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀯𑁄 /kantwo/ | 𑀓𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀼 /kəntu/ | *käntwo /kəntwo/ | hacʼa /hatsʔa/ | — /—/ | *kele /kele/ | 𒆷𒀀𒆷𒀸 /laːlas/ |
| Mão | 𑀱𑀭𑁆 /ʂar/ | 𑀢𑁆𑀲𑀭𑁆 /tsar/ | *ṣar /ʂar/ | iskʔa /iskʔa/ | 𐀐𐀁 /kʰɛːr/ | *käti /käti/ | 𒆠𒅖𒊭𒅈 /kesːar/ |
| Pé | 𑀧𑁃𑀬𑁆𑀬𑁂 /paijːe/ | 𑀧𑁂 /pe/ | *peine /peine/ | asʔa /asʔa/ | 𐀡𐀆 /podei/ | *jalka /jalka/ | 𒉺𒋫 /pata/ |
| Coração | 𑀅𑀭𑀾𑀜𑁆𑀘𑁂 /araɲtɕe/ | 𑀅𑀭𑀸𑀜𑁆𑀘𑁆 /araːɲts/ | *āräñce /aːrəɲtse/ | sikicʔa /sikitsʔa/ | — /—/ | *śüdäme /ɕydæme/ | 𒆠𒅕 /ker/ |
| Osso | 𑀆𑀬𑁆 /aːj/ | 𑀆𑀬𑁆 /aːj/ | *āyä /aːjə/ | kiːsʔa /kiːsʔa/ | — /—/ | *luwe /luwe/ | 𒄩𒀸𒋫𒄿 /xastaːi/ |
| Sangue | 𑀬𑀲𑀭 /jasar/ | 𑀬𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁆 /jsaːr/ | *yä́sar /jə́sar/ | waːckicʔa /waːtskitsʔa/ | — /—/ | *were /were/ | 𒂊𒌍𒄯 /eːsxar/ |
| Cocô | 𑀯𑁂𑀁𑀱𑀺𑀬𑁂 /wemʂije/ | — | — | — | — | *pućka /putɕka/ | 𒊭𒀝𒋼𒀀 /sakːar/ |
| Amor | — /—/ | 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀓𑁆 /tuŋk/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | 𐀠𐀫 /pʰilos/ | — /—/ | 𒀀𒀸𒅆𒅀𒋻 /aːsːijatar/ |
| Árvore | 𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀫𑁆 /staːm/ | 𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀫𑁆 /staːm/ | — /—/ | tiyaːhkw /tijaːhkʷ/ | 𐀈𐀬 /doru/ | *puwi /puwi/ | 𒋫𒊒 /taru/ |
| Cão | 𑀓𑀼 /ku/ | 𑀓𑀼 /ku/ | *ku /ku/ | kiciyeːh /kitsijeːh/ | 𐀓𐀺 /kuwɔːn/ | *penä /penæ/ | 𒆪𒉿𒀭 /kuwan/ |
| Gato | 𑀫𑀸𑀭𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀭𑁂 /maːrdʑaːre/ | 𑀓𑀼𑀫𑀽𑀱𑁆 /kumuːʂ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Peixe | 𑀮𑀓𑁆𑀱 /laks/ | 𑀮𑀓𑁆𑀱 /laks/ | — /—/ | kaːcʔa /kaːtsʔa/ | — /—/ | *kala /kala/ | — /—/ |
| Cavalo | 𑀬𑀓𑁆𑀯𑁂 /jakwe/ | 𑀬𑀼𑀓𑁆 /juk/ | *yäkwe /jəkwe/ | — | 𐀂𐀦 /ikkʷos/ | — | — |
| Casa | 𑀑𑀲𑁆𑀢𑁆 /ost/ | 𑀯𑀱𑁆𑀢𑁆 /waʂt/ | *wostŭ /wostu/ | akhaːrʔa /akʰaːɾʔa/ | 𐀺𐀂𐀒 /woikos/ | *kota /kota/ | 𒂍 /peːr/ |
| Leite | 𑀫𑀮𑁆𑀓𑁆𑀯𑁂𑀭𑁆 /malkwer/ | 𑀫𑀮𑁆𑀓𑁂 /malke/ | — | — | — | *lüpsä /lypsæ/ | — |
| Mel | 𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆 /mit/ | 𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆 /mit/ | *ḿətə /mʲətə/ | — | 𐀕𐀪 /meli/ | *mete /mete/ | 𒈪𒇷𒀉 /milit/ |
| Sal | 𑀲𑀮𑁆𑀬𑀺𑀬𑁂 /saʎije/ | 𑀲𑀸𑀮𑁂 /saːle/ | — | — | — | *salɜ /salɜ/ | — |
| Vinho | 𑀓𑀼𑀜𑀺𑀫𑁄𑀢𑁆 /kuɲimot/ | — | — | — | 𐀺𐀜 /woinos/ | — | 𒉿𒅀𒈾𒀸 /wijanas/ |
| Arroz | 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑀼 /klu/ | 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑀼 /klu/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Ferro | 𑀏𑀜𑁆𑀘𑀼𑀯𑁄 /eɲtɕuwo/ | — | *eñcäuwo /eɲtsəuwo/ | — | — | — | 𒄩𒉺𒀠𒆠 /xapalki/ |
| Roda | — /—/ | 𑀓𑀼𑀓𑀮𑁆 /kukəl/ | — | — | 𐀀𐀗 /harmo/ | — | 𒄷𒌨𒆠𒅖 /xurkis/ |
| Livro | 𑀧𑁄𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀓𑁆 /postak/ | 𑀧𑁄𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀓𑁆 /postak/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Comer | 𑀰𑀼𑀯 /ɕuwa/ | 𑀰𑀯𑁆 /ɕæw/ | — /—/ | kaʔac /kaʔats/ | 𐀁𐀈𐀕𐀙 /edmenai/ | *sewe- /sewe/ | 𒂊𒄑𒍝𒊍𒍣 /eːtsːatsːi/ |
| Beber | 𑀬𑁄𑀓𑁆 /jok/ | 𑀬𑁄𑀓𑁆 /jok/ | — /—/ | kikʔa /kikʔa/ | 𐀡𐀜 /piːnɔː/ | *jëxe- /jɤxe/ | 𒂊𒆪𒍣 /ekutsi/ |
| Dormir | 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀲𑁆 /klənts/ | 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑀺𑀲𑁆 /klis/ | — | — | — | *oδa- /oða/ | 𒊺𒌍𒍣 /sestsi/ |
| Um | 𑀱𑁂 /ʂe/ | 𑀲𑀲𑁆 /sas/ | *sems /sems/ | chiʔass /tsʰiʔass/ | 𐀁 /hen/ | *ükte /ükte/ | 𒀸 /as/ |
| Dois | 𑀯𑀺 /wi/ | 𑀯𑀼 /wu/ | *wë /wə/ | wic /wits/ | 𐀉𐀺 /duwoː/ | *kakta /kakta/ | — /—/ |
| Três | 𑀢𑁆𑀭𑀬 /traj/ | 𑀢𑁆𑀭𑁂 /tre/ | *treyä /trejə/ | taw /taw/ | 𐀯𐀪 /tiri/ | *kolme /kolme/ | 𒋼𒊑 /teri/ |
| Quatro | 𑀰𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀯𑁂𑀭𑁆 /ɕtwer/ | 𑀰𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀭𑁆 /ɕtwar/ | *ćätwerä /tɕətwerə/ | taːkwic /taːkʷits/ | 𐀤𐀵𐀫 /kʷetoro/ | *neljä /neljæ/ | 𒈪𒂊𒉿𒀸 /miewas/ |
| Cinco | 𑀧𑀺𑀰𑁆 /piɕ/ | 𑀧𑀜𑁆 /pæɲ/ | *pʼä́ñćä /pʲə́ɲtɕə/ | — | — | *witte /witte/ | — |
| Cem | 𑀓𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂 /kante/ | 𑀓𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 /kænt/ | *känte /kənte/ | — | — | *śata /ɕata/ | — |
| Olá | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Obrigado | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Bom | 𑀓𑀭𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀲𑁂 /kartse/ | 𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀼 /kaːsu/ | — /—/ | acs /atss/ | 𐀀𐀏𐀳 /aɡatʰos/ | *para /para/ | 𒀸𒋗 /asːu/ |
| Novo | 𑀜𑀼𑀯𑁂 /ɲuwe/ | 𑀜𑀼 /ɲu/ | *ñäwe /ɲəwe/ | — | 𐀚𐀺 /newos/ | *wuδ̕e /wuðʲe/ | 𒉈𒂊𒉿𒀸 /neːwas/ |
| Vermelho | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀭𑁂 /ratre/ | 𑀭𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀭 /rtaːr/ | *rŭtäre /rutəre/ | kwhaːc /kʷʰaːts/ | 𐀁𐀬𐀲𐀨 /erutʰraː/ | — /—/ | 𒈪𒄿𒋾𒅖 /miːtis/ |
| Branco | 𑀆𑀭𑁆𑀓𑁆𑀯𑀺 /aːrkwi/ | 𑀆𑀭𑁆𑀓𑀺 /aːrki/ | *ārkwi /aːrkwi/ | — | 𐀩𐀄𐀒 /leukos/ | *wëlketa /wɤlketa/ | 𒄯𒆠𒅖 /xarkis/ |
| Preto | 𑀏𑀭𑁆𑀓𑁂𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 /erkent/ | 𑀅𑀭𑁆𑀓𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 /arkant/ | *erkent /erkent/ | — | — | — | 𒁕𒀭𒆪𒅖 /dankuis/ |
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