Awajún chichám
Aguaruna
Jivaroan
O aguaruna (Awajún chichám, «fala awajún») é a maior língua jivaroana, falada por ~50 000-55 000 awajún na região de ecótono entre a Amazônia peruana e os Andes. A família jivaroana é uma pequena família sul-americana isolada de 4-5 línguas estreitamente aparentadas (shuar jiv, achuar acu, huambisa, shiwiar, awajún agr), cujo território de origem se estende por ambos os lados da fronteira Peru-Equador na bacia do rio Marañón. Os falantes de awajún estão etnicamente aparentados com os shuar equatorianos, mas deles linguisticamente distintos; a inteligibilidade mútua é parcial. O awajún conservou os traços da família jivaroana: vogais nasais, marcadores de foco, construções classificador-nome e um léxico etnobiológico exaustivo para a floresta tropical. O massacre de Bagua de 2009 trouxe atenção internacional aos direitos territoriais awajún.
Onde é falada
87 palavras essenciais em aguaruna
Fontes
Palavras comparadas
Comparação com línguas da mesma classificação: Jivaroan
| Significado | Aguaruna | Achuar | Shuar | Shipibo-conibo | Aimará | Sena | Totonaco de Coyutla |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | yumi /jumi/ | yumi /jumi/ | yumi /jumi/ | jene /hɨnɨ/ | uma /uma/ | madzi /madzi/ | chúchut /tʃútʃut/ |
| Fogo | jii /hiː/ | ji /hi/ | ji /hi/ | chii /tʃiː/ | nina /nina/ | moto /moto/ | lhkúyat /ɬkújat/ |
| Sol | etsá /ɨtsá/ | etsa /etsa/ | etsa /etsa/ | bari /baɾi/ | inti /inti/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | chichiní /tʃitʃiní/ |
| Lua | nántu /nántu/ | nantu /nantu/ | nantu /nantu/ | oxe /oʂɨ/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | papá /papá/ |
| Estrela | yaya /jaja/ | yaa /jaː/ | yaa /jaː/ | wishti /wiʃtĩ/ | warawara /waɾawaɾa/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | staku /staku/ |
| Noite | kashi /kaʃi/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | yame /jamɨ/ | aruma /aruma/ | usiku /usiku/ | tsisní /tsisní/ |
| Chuva | yumi /jumi/ | — | yumi /jumi/ | oi /oi/ | jallu /ˈxaʎu/ | mvura /mvura/ | sin /sin/ |
| Neve | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | — | — | — | khunu /kʰunu/ | neve /neve/ | — |
| Vento | dase /dasɨ/ | nase /nase/ | nase /nase/ | niwe /niwɨ/ | thaya /ˈtʰaja/ | mphepo /mpʰepo/ | uún /uún/ |
| Terra | nugka /nuɡka/ | nungka /nuŋka/ | nunka /nuŋka/ | mai /mai/ | uraqi /uɾaqi/ | mataka /mataka/ | tíyat /tíjat/ |
| Pedra | kaya /kaja/ | kaya /kaja/ | kaya /kaja/ | makan /makan/ | qala /ˈqala/ | mwala /mwala/ | chíwix /tʃíwiʃ/ |
| Montanha | nain /nain/ | mura /muɾa/ | náint /naint/ | manan /manan/ | qullu /quʎu/ | phiri /pʰiri/ | kestín /kestín/ |
| Mar | nayants /najants/ | juun entsa /huːn entsa/ | nayaants /najaants/ | aniparo /anipaɾo/ | lamara /lamara/ | bara /bara/ | pupunú /pupunú/ |
| Mãe | dukú /dukú/ | nukur /nukuɾ/ | nukur /nukuɾ/ | tita /tita/ | mama /mama/ | mai /mai/ | tzí /tsí/ |
| Pai | apá /apá/ | apar /apaɾ/ | apar /apaɾ/ | papa /papa/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | tlat /tɬat/ |
| Filha | nawan /nawan/ | nawantur /nawantuɾ/ | nawantur /nawantuɾ/ | bake ainbo /bake ãĩbo/ | phucha /pʰutʃa/ | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ | tsumat /tsumat/ |
| Eu | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | ea /ea/ | naya /naja/ | ine /ine/ | akit /akit/ |
| Tu | amé /amé/ | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | mia /mia/ | juma /xuma/ | iwe /iwe/ | wix /wiʃ/ |
| Nós | ii /iː/ | ii /iː/ | ii /iː/ | noa /noa/ | jiwasa / nanaka /xiwasa / nanaka/ | ife /ife/ | akinín /akinín/ |
| Nome | daaji /daːhi/ | naari /naːɾi/ | naari /naːɾi/ | jane /hanɨ/ | suti /suti/ | dzina /dzina/ | takuwiní /takuwiní/ |
| Pessoa | aents /aɨnts/ | aints /aints/ | aents /aents/ | joni /honi/ | jaqi /xaqi/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | — |
| Cabeça | buuk /buːk/ | muuk /muːk/ | muuk /muːk/ | mapo /mapo/ | pʼiqi /pʼiqi/ | nsolo /nsolo/ | akgxakga /aqʃaqa/ |
| Olho | jíi /híː/ | jii /hiː/ | jii /hiː/ | bero /bɨɾo/ | nayra /najɾa/ | diso /diso/ | lakgastapu /laqastapu/ |
| Orelha | kuwish /kuwiʃ/ | kuwish /kuwiʃ/ | kuish /kwiʃ/ | pabíki /pabiki/ | jinchu /xintʃu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | takgén /taqén/ |
| Nariz | nuji /nuhi/ | nuji /nuhi/ | nuji /nuhi/ | rekin /ɾɨkin/ | nasa /ˈnasa/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | — |
| Boca | wenu /wɨnu/ | wene /wene/ | wene /wene/ | kexa /kɨʂa/ | laka /ˈlaka/ | nkanwa /nkanwa/ | kilhni /kiɬni/ |
| Dente | dai /dai/ | nai /nai/ | nai /nai/ | xeta /ʂɨta/ | lakʼa /lakʼa/ | dzino /dzino/ | tatsán /tatsán/ |
| Língua | inai /inai/ | inai /inai/ | inai /inai/ | jana /hana/ | laxra /laχra/ | lirimi /lirimi/ | simakgat /simaqat/ |
| Mão | uwéj /uwéh/ | uwej /uweh/ | uwej /uweh/ | meken /mɨkɨn/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | nkono /nkono/ | makán /makán/ |
| Pé | dawe /dawɨ/ | nawe /nawe/ | nawe /nawe/ | tae /taɨ/ | kayu /kaju/ | mwendo /mwendo/ | tantún /tantún/ |
| Coração | anéntai /anɨ́ntai/ | enentai /enentai/ | enentai /enentai/ | joínti /hointi/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | ntima /ntima/ | naku /naku/ |
| Osso | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | xao /ʂao/ | chʼakha /tʃʼakʰa/ | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ | lúkut /lúkut/ |
| Sangue | numpa /numpa/ | numpa /numpã/ | numpa /numpã/ | jimi /himi/ | wila /wila/ | malopa /malopa/ | kgalhni /qaɬni/ |
| Cocô | ija /iha/ | ija /iha/ | íjia /ˈihia/ | poi /poi/ | jama /xama/ | matubzwi /matubzwi/ | — |
| Amor | wakejut /wakɨhut/ | anentin /anentin/ | anentaiti /anentaiti/ | noi /noi/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | kufuna /kufuna/ | — /—/ |
| Árvore | númi /númi/ | numi /numi/ | numi /numi/ | jiwi /hiwi/ | quqa /quqa/ | muti /muti/ | kiwi /kiwi/ |
| Cão | yawá /jawá/ | yawa /jawa/ | yawá /jaˈwa/ | ochiti /otʃiti/ | anu /anu/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ |
| Gato | bishu /biʃu/ | micha /mitʃa/ | míchik /ˈmitʃik/ | mishito /miʃito/ | phisi /pʰisi/ | paka /paka/ | mishtu /miʃtu/ |
| Peixe | namak /namak/ | namak /namak/ | namak /namak/ | yapa /japa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | omba /omba/ | skiti /skiti/ |
| Pássaro | pishak /piʃak/ | chingki /tʃiŋki/ | chinki /tʃiŋki/ | isa /isa/ | jamachʼi /xamatʃʼi/ | mbalame /mbalame/ | spun /spun/ |
| Borboleta | wámpishuk /wámpiʃuk/ | shimpiampu /ʃimpiampu/ | wámpishuk /ˈwampiʃuk/ | pëpë /pɨ̃pɨ̃/ | pilpintu /pilpintu/ | bemberuwa /bemberuwa/ | — |
| Ovo | nujín /nuˈhin/ | nujin /nuhin/ | nujint /nuhint/ | bachi /batʃi/ | kʼawna /kʼawna/ | dzai /dzai/ | kálhwat /káɬwat/ |
| Urso | chayú /tʃajú/ | chayu /tʃaju/ | chai /tʃai/ | oso /oso/ | jukumari /xukumaɾi/ | urusu /urusu/ | oso /oso/ |
| Cavalo | kawayu /kawaju/ | kawai /kawai/ | kawai /kawai/ | kabayo /kabajo/ | kawallu /kawaʎu/ | kavalo /kavalo/ | kawayu /kawaju/ |
| Casa | jega /hɨɡa/ | jea /hea/ | jea /hea/ | xobo /ʂobo/ | uta /uta/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | chiki /tʃiki/ |
| Leite | muntsu /muntsu/ | muntsu /muntsu/ | muntsu /muntsu/ | xoma /ʂoma/ | millkʼi /miʎkʼi/ | nkaka /nkaka/ | leche /letʃe/ |
| Mel | dapa yumiji /dapa jumihi/ | wapasa yumiri /wapasa jumiɾi/ | chinij /tʃinih/ | bona jene /bona hɨnɨ/ | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | uci /utʃi/ | táxkat /táʃkat/ |
| Sal | wee /wɨː/ | wee /weː/ | wee /weː/ | tashi /taʃi/ | jayu /ˈxaju/ | munyu /muɲu/ | mátzat /mátsat/ |
| Vinho | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | winiu /winiu/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /vino/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | vino /bino/ |
| Arroz | ajus /ahus/ | arrus /aɾus/ | arús /aˈɾus/ | aros /aɾos/ | arusa /aɾusa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | — |
| Ferro | jiju /hihu/ | jiru /hiɾu/ | jiru /hiru/ | yami /jami/ | qillaya /qiʎaja/ | utale /utale/ | likán /likán/ |
| Roda | rueda /rueda/ | — | tuntunk /tuntuŋk/ | karotae /kaɾotaɨ/ | rueda /ɾweda/ | roda /roda/ | — |
| Seda | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | séta /ˈseta/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ |
| Livro | papi /papi/ | papi /papi/ | papí /paˈpi/ | kirika /kiɾika/ | panka /panka/ | bukhu /bukʰu/ | libro /libro/ |
| Comer | yuwámu /juwámu/ | yuata /juata/ | yuata /juata/ | piti /piti/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ | kudya /kudja/ | wayán /waján/ |
| Beber | umut /umut/ | umarta /umaɾta/ | umarta /umaɾta/ | xeati /ʂɨati/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kgotnún /qotnún/ |
| Dormir | kanut /kanut/ | kanarta /kanaɾta/ | kanarta /kanaɾta/ | oxa /oʂa/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | lhtata /ɬtata/ |
| Um | makichik /makitʃik/ | kichik /kitʃik/ | chikichik /tʃikitʃik/ | westíora /wɨstioɾa/ | maya /maja/ | posi /posi/ | aktum /aktum/ |
| Dois | jimag /himaɡ/ | jimiar /himiaɾ/ | jimiará /himiaɾa/ | rabé /ɾabɨ/ | paya /paja/ | piŵiri /piwiri/ | aktuy /aktuj/ |
| Três | kampatum /kampatum/ | kampatam /kampatam/ | menaintiu /menaintʲu/ | kimisha /kimiʃa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | pitatu /pitatu/ | aktutu /aktutu/ |
| Quatro | ipaksumat /ipaksumat/ | aintiuk /aintʲuk/ | aintiuk /aintʲuk/ | chosko /tʃosko/ | pusi /pusi/ | pinai /pinai/ | aktati /aktati/ |
| Cinco | uweja amua /uwɨha amua/ | ewej /eweh/ | ewej /eweh/ | pichika /pitʃika/ | phisqa /ˈpʰisqa/ | xanu /ʃanu/ | kitsis /kitsis/ |
| Cem | cien /sjen/ | pachak /patʃak/ | sian /sian/ | pacha /patʃa/ | pataka /pataka/ | dzana /dzana/ | ciento /sjento/ |
| Olá | pujámek /puhámɨk/ | pujamek /puhamek/ | pujamek /puhamek/ | jakon raoma /hakon raoma/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ | tlen lhítat /tɬen ɬítat/ |
| Obrigado | see /sɨː/ | mai-tikut /majtikut/ | yuminsajme /juminsahme/ | irake /iɾake/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | paʼxkatkatsiniyán /paʔʃkatkatsiniján/ |
| Bom | pegkeg /pɨɡkɨɡ/ | pengker /peŋkeɾ/ | penker /peŋkeɾ/ | jakon /hakon/ | suma /suma/ | nadidi /nadidi/ | tlan /tɬan/ |
| Novo | yamajam /jamaham/ | yamaram /jamaɾam/ | yamaram /jamaram/ | bena /bɨna/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | ipsa /ipsa/ | xasasti /ʃasasti/ |
| Vermelho | kapantu /kapantu/ | kapantin /kapantin/ | kapaku /kapaku/ | joshin /hoʃin/ | wila /wila/ | funga /funɡa/ | tsutsokgo /tsutsoqo/ |
| Branco | puju /puhu/ | puju /puhu/ | pujú /puˈhu/ | joxo /hoʂo/ | janqʼu /ˈxaɴqʼu/ | cena /tʃena/ | snapapa /snapapa/ |
| Preto | bukusea /bukusɨa/ | shuwin /ʃuwin/ | mukusa /mukusa/ | wiso /wiso/ | chʼiyara /tʃʼijara/ | psipa /psipa/ | tsitsekge /tsitseqe/ |
| Verde | samekbau /samɨkbau/ | samek /samek/ | sámek /ˈsamek/ | yãkõ /jãkõ/ | chʼuxña /tʃʼuxɲa/ | — | — |
| Azul | wigka /wiɡka/ | — | sámek /ˈsamek/ | yãkõ /jãkõ/ | larama /laɾama/ | — | — |
| Cuco | ikáncham /iˈkantʃam/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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