diutsch
Alto-alemão médio
indo-europeu (Germânica, ocidental) · variedade histórica / oculta
O alto-alemão médio é a etapa do alto-alemão entre o alto-alemão antigo e o alto-alemão moderno inicial. É a língua do "Cantar dos Nibelungos", dos Minnesänger (especialmente Walther von der Vogelweide), do "Parzival" de Wolfram von Eschenbach e do "Tristão" de Gottfried de Estrasburgo.
Onde é falada
87 palavras essenciais em alto-alemão médio
Fontes
- Paul (2007) — Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik
- Glottolog: midd1343
Palavras comparadas
Comparação com línguas da mesma classificação: indo-europeu (Germânica, ocidental)
| Significado | Alto-alemão médio | Alto-alemão antigo | Alemão da era de Lutero | Saxão antigo | Alemão padrão suíço | Walser | Alemão suíço |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | wazzer /ˈwatser/ | wazzar /ˈwatsar/ | Wasser /ˈvasːər/ | watar /ˈwatar/ | Wasser /ˈvasər/ | Wasser /vasːər/ | Wasser /vasːər/ |
| Fogo | viur /viur/ | fiur /fiur/ | Fewr /ˈfɔɪ̯ər/ | fiur /fiur/ | Feuer /ˈfɔɪ̯ər/ | Für /fyːr/ | Füür /fyːr/ |
| Sol | sunne /ˈzunːə/ | sunna /ˈsunna/ | Sonne /ˈzɔnə/ | sunna /ˈsunːa/ | Sonne /ˈsɔnə/ | Sunna /sʊnːa/ | Sunne /sʊnə/ |
| Lua | mâne /ˈmaːnə/ | māno /ˈmaːno/ | Mond /moːnt/ | māno /ˈmaːno/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Maa /maː/ | Mond /moːnd/ |
| Estrela | sterne /ˈstɛrnə/ | sterno /ˈsterno/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | sterro /ˈsterro/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | Stärn /ʃtærn/ | Stärn /ʃtærn/ |
| Noite | naht /naxt/ | naht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | naht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ |
| Chuva | regen /ˈreɡən/ | regan /ˈreɡan/ | Regen /ˈreːɡən/ | regan /reɣan/ | Regen /ˈreːɡən/ | Räge /rɛɡə/ | Rägä /ˈrɛːɡə/ |
| Neve | snē /sneː/ | snēo /sneːo/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | snēo /ˈsneːo/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ |
| Vento | wint /wɪnt/ | wint /wint/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | wind /wind/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vind/ | Wind /vɪnd/ |
| Terra | erde /ˈɛrdə/ | erda /ˈɛrda/ | Erde /ˈeːrdə/ | ertha /erθa/ | Erde /ˈeːrdə/ | Ärd /ærd/ | Ärde /ɛrdə/ |
| Pedra | stein /stɛin/ | stein /stein/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | stēn /steːn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stei /ʃtai/ | Stei /ʃtɛi/ |
| Montanha | berc /bɛrk/ | berg /berɡ/ | Berg /bɛrk/ | berg /berɡ/ | Berg /bɛrk/ | — | Bärg /bærɡ/ |
| Mar | mer /mɛr/ | meri /ˈmeri/ | Meer /meːr/ | seo /ˈseːo/ | Meer /meːr/ | — | Meer /meːr/ |
| Mãe | muoter /ˈmuoːtər/ | muoter /ˈmuotɛr/ | Mutter /ˈmʊtər/ | modar /ˈmoːdar/ | Mutter /ˈmʊtər/ | Müeter /myə̯tər/ | Mueter /muə̯tər/ |
| Pai | vater /ˈfatər/ | fater /ˈfatɛr/ | Vater /ˈfaːtər/ | fader /ˈfadər/ | Vater /ˈfaːtər/ | Atti /atːi/ | Vatter /fatər/ |
| Filha | tohter /ˈtoxtər/ | tohter /ˈtoxtɛr/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtər/ | dohtar /ˈdoxtar/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtər/ | Techter /ˈtɛxtər/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtər/ |
| Eu | ich /ix/ | ih /ix/ | ich /ɪç/ | ik /ik/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ix/ | ich /ɪx/ |
| Tu | dû /duː/ | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | thu /θuː/ | du /duː/ | du /du/ | du /duː/ |
| Nós | wir /wir/ | wir /wir/ | wir /viːr/ | wī /wiː/ | wir /viːr/ | wir /vir/ | mir /mir/ |
| Nome | name /ˈnamə/ | namo /ˈnamo/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | namo /ˈnamo/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnamə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ |
| Pessoa | mensch /mɛnʃ/ | mennisco /ˈmenːisko/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | man /man/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | — | Mänsch /mænʃ/ |
| Cabeça | houbet /ˈhoubət/ | houbit /ˈhoubit/ | Heubt /hɔɪ̯pt/ | hōbid /ˈhoːβid/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | — | Chopf /xɔpf/ |
| Olho | ouge /ˈouɡə/ | ouga /ˈouɡa/ | Aug /aʊk/ | ōga /ˈoːɡa/ | Auge /ˈaʊɡə/ | Oug /oʊɡ/ | Aug /aʊ̯ɡ/ |
| Orelha | ōre /ˈoːrə/ | ōra /ˈoːra/ | Ohr /oːr/ | ōra /ˈoːra/ | Ohr /oːr/ | Oor /oːr/ | Oor /oːr/ |
| Nariz | nase /nazə/ | nasa /nasa/ | Nase /ˈnaːzə/ | nasa /nasa/ | Nase /ˈnaːsə/ | Nasu /ˈnaːsu/ | Nase /ˈnaːsə/ |
| Boca | munt /munt/ | mund /munt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | mūth /muːθ/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | — | Muul /muːl/ |
| Dente | zan /tsan/ | zand /tsand/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | tand /tand/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zan /tsan/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ |
| Língua | zunge /ˈtsuŋɡə/ | zunga /ˈtsuŋɡa/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | tunga /ˈtuŋɡa/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zungu /tsuŋːu/ | Zunge /ˈtsuŋə/ |
| Mão | hant /hant/ | hant /hant/ | Handt /hant/ | hand /hand/ | Hand /hant/ | Hand /hant/ | Hand /hand/ |
| Pé | vuoz /ˈvuo̯s/ | fuoz /fuo̯s/ | Fus /fuːs/ | fōt /foːt/ | Fuss /fuːs/ | Fuess /fuəs/ | Fuess /fuəs/ |
| Coração | herze /ˈhertsə/ | herza /ˈhertsa/ | Hertz /hɛrts/ | herta /ˈherta/ | Herz /hɛrts/ | Hërz /hɛrts/ | Härz /hærts/ |
| Osso | bein /bein/ | bein /bein/ | Bein /baɪn/ | bēn /beːn/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Bei /bei/ | Chnoche /ˈxnɔxə/ |
| Sangue | bluot /bluot/ | bluot /bluot/ | Blut /bluːt/ | blōd /bloːd/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Bluet /bluət/ | Bluet /bluət/ |
| Cocô | schîze /ʃiːtsə/ | mist /mist/ | Dreck /drɛk/ | — | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | — | Gaggi /ˈɡakːi/ |
| Amor | minne /ˈminːə/ | minna /ˈminna/ | Liebe /ˈliːbə/ | minnea /ˈminːea/ | Liebe /ˈliːbə/ | Liebi /liə̯bi/ | Liebi /liə̯bi/ |
| Árvore | boum /boum/ | boum /boum/ | Bawm /baʊm/ | bōm /boːm/ | Baum /baʊm/ | Boum /boʊm/ | Baum /baʊ̯m/ |
| Cão | hunt /hunt/ | hunt /hunt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | hund /hund/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnd/ |
| Gato | katze /ˈkatsə/ | kazza /ˈkatsa/ | Katze /ˈkatsə/ | katta /ˈkatːa/ | Katze /ˈkatsə/ | Chatz /xats/ | Chatz /xats/ |
| Peixe | visch /viʃ/ | fisc /fisk/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | fisk /fisk/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ |
| Pássaro | vogel /ˈfoɡəl/ | fogal /ˈfoɡal/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡəl/ | fugal /ˈfuɡal/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | — | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ |
| Borboleta | vīvalter /ˈfiːfalter/ | fifaltra /ˈfifaltra/ | Pfeifholter /ˈpfaɪfhɔltər/ | fīfoldara /ˈfiːfoldara/ | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtərlɪŋ/ | Pfiifoltra /ˈpfiːfoltra/ | Summervogel /ˈsʊmərfoːɡl̩/ |
| Ovo | ei /ɛi/ | ei /ɛi/ | Ey /aɪ̯/ | ei /ɛi/ | Ei /aɪ/ | — | Ei /ei/ |
| Urso | ber /bɛr/ | bero /ˈbero/ | Bär /bɛːr/ | bero /ˈbero/ | Bär /bɛːr/ | Bèèr /bɛːr/ | Bärr /bær/ |
| Cavalo | ros /rɔs/ | ros /ros/ | Pferd /pfeːrt/ | hros /hros/ | Pferd /pfeːrt/ | — | Ross /rɔs/ |
| Casa | hûs /huːs/ | hūs /huːs/ | Hauß /haʊs/ | hūs /huːs/ | Haus /haʊs/ | Hus /huːs/ | Huus /huːs/ |
| Leite | milch /milç/ | miluh /ˈmilux/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | miluk /ˈmiluk/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | — | Milch /milx/ |
| Mel | honec /ˈhonɛk/ | honag /ˈhonaɡ/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ | huneg /ˈhunɛɣ/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ | — | Hung /hʊŋ/ |
| Sal | salz /salts/ | salz /salts/ | Saltz /zalts/ | salt /salt/ | Salz /salts/ | Salz /salts/ | Salz /salts/ |
| Vinho | wīn /viːn/ | wīn /wiːn/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | wīn /wiːn/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wii /viː/ | Wii /ʋiː/ |
| Arroz | rīs /riːs/ | — | Reis /raɪs/ | — | Reis /raɪs/ | — | Riis /riːs/ |
| Ferro | īsen /ˈiːzən/ | īsarn /ˈiːsarn/ | Eisen /ˈaɪzən/ | īsarn /ˈiːsarn/ | Eisen /ˈaɪsən/ | Ise /ˈiːsə/ | Ise /ˈiːsə/ |
| Roda | rat /rat/ | rad /rat/ | Rad /raːt/ | rath /raθ/ | Rad /raːt/ | — | Rad /raːd/ |
| Seda | sîde /ˈsiːdə/ | sīda /ˈsiːda/ | Seide /ˈzaɪdə/ | — | Seide /ˈsaɪdə/ | — | Siide /ˈsiːdə/ |
| Livro | buoch /buox/ | buoh /buox/ | Buch /buːx/ | bōk /boːk/ | Buch /buːx/ | — | Buech /buəx/ |
| Comer | ezzen /ˈetsən/ | ezzan /ˈetsan/ | essen /ˈɛsːən/ | etan /ˈetan/ | essen /ˈɛsn̩/ | ässe /æsə/ | ässe /æsə/ |
| Beber | trinken /ˈtrinkən/ | trinkan /ˈtrinkan/ | trincken /ˈtrɪŋkən/ | drinkan /ˈdrinkan/ | trinken /ˈtrɪŋkn̩/ | trinke /trɪŋkə/ | trinke /trɪŋkə/ |
| Dormir | slāfen /ˈslɑːfən/ | slāfan /ˈslɑːfan/ | schlaffen /ˈʃlafən/ | slāpan /ˈslɑːpan/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlaafe /ʃlaːfə/ | schlofe /ˈʃlɔːfə/ |
| Um | ein /ein/ | ein /ein/ | eyn /aɪ̯n/ | ēn /eːn/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | eins /æɪ̯ns/ | eis /æɪ̯s/ |
| Dois | zwei /tsweɪ/ | zwei /tswei/ | zwey /tsvaɪ/ | twēne /ˈtweːne/ | zwei /tsvaɪ̯/ | zwei /tsʋei/ | zwöi /tsʋøi/ |
| Três | drî /driː/ | drī /driː/ | drei /draɪ/ | thrie /θriː/ | drei /draɪ̯/ | drii /driː/ | drü /dryː/ |
| Quatro | vier /fiːr/ | fior /fioːr/ | vier /fiːr/ | fiuwar /ˈfiuwar/ | vier /fiːr/ | vieri /ˈfiːri/ | vier /fiər/ |
| Cinco | vünf /fynf/ | fimf /fimf/ | fünff /fʏnf/ | fīf /fiːf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | füüf /fyːf/ | füüf /fyːf/ |
| Cem | hundert /ˈhundərt/ | hunt /hunt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndərt/ | hund /hund/ | hundert /ˈhʊndərt/ | — | hundert /ˈhʊndərt/ |
| Olá | gegrüezet /ɡəˈɡryːətsət/ | heil /heil/ | Gott zum Gruß /ɡɔt tsʊm ɡruːs/ | heil /heil/ | Hallo /haˈloː/ | Grüössi /ɡryə̯sːi/ | Grüezi /ɡryə̯tsi/ |
| Obrigado | danc /daŋk/ | danc /daŋk/ | Danck /daŋk/ | thank /θaŋk/ | danke /ˈdaŋkə/ | Vergelts Gott /fɛrɡɛlts ɡot/ | Merci /mɛrsi/ |
| Bom | guot /ɡuoːt/ | guot /ɡuot/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | gōd /ɡoːd/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | guet /ɡuə̯t/ | guet /ɡuə̯t/ |
| Novo | niuwe /ˈniuwə/ | niuwi /ˈniuwi/ | new /nɔɪ̯/ | niuwi /ˈniuwi/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | — | nöi /nøi/ |
| Vermelho | rôt /roːt/ | rōt /roːt/ | rot /roːt/ | rōd /roːd/ | rot /roːt/ | rot /rot/ | rot /rɔt/ |
| Branco | wīz /viːts/ | wīz /wiːts/ | weis /vaɪ̯s/ | hwīt /hwiːt/ | weiss /vaɪs/ | wiiss /viːs/ | wyss /ʋiːs/ |
| Preto | swarz /svarts/ | swarz /swarts/ | schwartz /ʃvarts/ | swart /swart/ | schwarz /ʃvarts/ | — | schwarz /ʃvarts/ |
| Verde | grüene /ɡryənə/ | gruoni /ɡruoni/ | grün /ɡryːn/ | grōni /ˈɡroːni/ | grün /ɡryːn/ | grüe /ɡryə̯/ | grüen /ɡryən/ |
| Azul | blā /blaː/ | blāo /blaːo/ | blau /blaʊ/ | blāo /blaːo/ | blau /blaʊ/ | — | blau /blɑu/ |
| Cuco | gouch /ˈɡou̯x/ | gouh /ˈɡou̯x/ | gukuk /ˈɡʊkʊk/ | gôk /ɡoːk/ | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | Gugger /ˈɡʊɡər/ | Gugger /ˈɡʊɡər/ |
| Sushi | stocvisch /ˈstɔkfiʃ/ | — | Stockfisch /ˈʃtɔkfɪʃ/ | — | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ |
| Açúcar | zucker /ˈtsukːər/ | — | Zucker /ˈtsʊkər/ | — | Zucker /ˈtsʊkər/ | — | Zucker /ˈtsʊkːər/ |
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