Kinyamwezi
Nyamwezi
famille atlantique-congo (branche bantoue, groupe sukuma-nyamwezi)
Le nyamwezi (Kinyamwezi, « peuple de la lune ») est une langue bantoue du centre-ouest de la Tanzanie, sœur du sukuma (suk) au sein du continuum dialectal sukuma-nyamwezi. Les Nyamwezi furent au XIXe siècle d'éminents organisateurs de caravanes commerciales, avec Tabora comme centre commercial. Comme le sukuma, il est tonal et possède l'accord plein par classes nominales bantoues.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en nyamwezi
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : famille atlantique-congo (branche bantoue, groupe sukuma-nyamwezi)
| Sens | Nyamwezi | Sukuma | Nyaturu | Asu | Shambala | Yao | Makondé |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | minzi /minzi/ | minzi /minzi/ | maji /madʒi/ | mende /mende/ | mazi /mazi/ | meesi /meːsi/ | medi /medi/ |
| Feu | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ | mooto /moːto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Soleil | lyuba /ljuβa/ | liimi /liːmi/ | yura /juɾa/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | zuwa /zuwa/ | lyuŵa /ʎuβa/ | liduva /liduva/ |
| Lune | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | ng'weji /ŋweːdʒi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ | lwesi /lwesi/ | mwedi /mwedi/ |
| Étoile | nsonda /nsonda/ | sonda /sonda/ | njota /ndʒota/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ | ndondwa /ndondwa/ | inondwa /inondwa/ |
| Nuit | buziku /buziku/ | bujiku /budʒiku/ | utiku /utiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | kilo /kilo/ | chilo /tʃilo/ | chilo /tʃilo/ |
| Pluie | mbula /mbula/ | mbula /mbula/ | mbura /mbura/ | mvua /mvua/ | fula /fula/ | ula /ula/ | imbula /imbula/ |
| Neige | theluji /θeluʒi/ | seluji /seludʒi/ | seluji /seludʒi/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ | — | — | — |
| Vent | myaga /mjaɡa/ | nyaga /ɲaɡa/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mbungo /mbuŋɡo/ | lipungo /lipuŋɡo/ |
| Terre | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ | litaka /litaka/ | ulongo /uloŋɡo/ |
| Pierre | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | liganga /liɡaŋɡa/ | liyanga /lijaŋɡa/ |
| Montagne | lugulu /luɡulu/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | muima /muima/ | chitumbi /tʃitumbi/ | lichinga /litʃiŋɡa/ |
| Mer | nyanza /ɲanza/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | irambo /iɾambo/ | bahari /bahari/ | bahali /bahali/ | bahali /bahali/ | bahali /bahali/ |
| Mère | mayu /maju/ | mayu /maju/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | amao /amao/ | mama /mama/ |
| Père | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | tate /tate/ | atati /atati/ | baba /baba/ |
| Fille | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | nshike /nʃike/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ | mwali /mwali/ | nahaku /nahaku/ |
| Je | nene /ˈnene/ | nene /nene/ | une /une/ | mine /mine/ | imi /imi/ | une /une/ | une /une/ |
| Tu | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | bebe /bebe/ | uwe /uwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ugwe /uɡwe/ | uve /uve/ |
| Nous | iswe /iswe/ | yise /jise/ | sese /sese/ | uswi /uswi/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ | uwe /uwe/ | hwetu /hwetu/ |
| Nom | lina /ˈlina/ | lina /lina/ | rina /ɾina/ | izina /izina/ | zina /zina/ | liina /liːna/ | lina /lina/ |
| Personne | munhu /munhu/ | munhu /munhu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mntu /mntu/ | mntu /mntu/ | mundu /mundu/ | munu /munu/ |
| Tête | mutwe /mutwe/ | ntwe /ntwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | ntwe /ntwe/ | muti /muti/ |
| Œil | liso /liso/ | liso /liso/ | riho /riho/ | iiso /iːso/ | zisho /ziʃo/ | liso /liso/ | liso /liso/ |
| Oreille | itwi /itwi/ | gutu /ɡutu/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | isikio /isikio/ | shikio /ʃikio/ | liwiwi /liwiwi/ | likutu /likutu/ |
| Nez | nindo /nindo/ | lyulu /ljulu/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | fua /fua/ | mpua /mpua/ | lupula /lupula/ | imula /imula/ |
| Bouche | mulomo /mulomo/ | nomo /nomo/ | momo /momo/ | momo /momo/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | kang'wa /kaŋwa/ | kanya /kaɲa/ |
| Dent | lino /lino/ | lino /lino/ | ino /ino/ | jino /dʒino/ | zino /zino/ | liino /liːno/ | lino /lino/ |
| Langue | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Main | kukono /kukono/ | nkono /nkono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | mkono /mkono/ | mkono /mkono/ | nkono /nkono/ | nkono /nkono/ |
| Pied | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | lupambala /lupambala/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | mulundi /mulundi/ | lukongolo /lukoŋɡolo/ | likambatu /likambatu/ |
| Cœur | moyo /mojo/ | ng'holo /ŋholo/ | umutima /umutima/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | moyo /mojo/ | ntima /ntima/ | ntima /ntima/ |
| Os | iguha /iɡuha/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | vuha /vuha/ | liupa /liupa/ | ligwangwa /liɡwaŋɡwa/ |
| Sang | magazi /maɡazi/ | mininga /miniŋɡa/ | sakami /sakami/ | sakame /sakame/ | mpome /mpome/ | miasi /miasi/ | myadi /mjadi/ |
| Caca | maafi /maːfi/ | maashi /maːʃi/ | — | — | mavi /mavi/ | manyi /maɲi/ | mavi /mavi/ |
| Amour | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | lumba /lumba/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | unonyelo /unoɲelo/ | kupenda /kupenda/ |
| Arbre | muti /muti/ | nti /nti/ | umuti /umuti/ | mti /mti/ | mti /mti/ | chitela /tʃitela/ | nnandi /nːandi/ |
| Chien | mbwa /mbwa/ | mva /mva/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | kuli /kuli/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | nshenye /nʃeɲe/ |
| Chat | paka /paka/ | nyabu /ɲabu/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | nyau /ɲau/ | paka /paka/ | imaaka /imaːka/ |
| Poisson | somba /soːmba/ | ndilo /ndilo/ | somba /somba/ | samaki /samaki/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /somba/ | homba /homba/ |
| Oiseau | noni /noni/ | noni /noni/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | deghe /deɣe/ | chijuni /tʃidʒuni/ | chuni /tʃuni/ |
| Œuf | igi /iɡi/ | igi /iɡi/ | ighe /iɣe/ | igi /iɡi/ | tagi /taɡi/ | lindanda /lindanda/ | liye /lije/ |
| Cheval | falasi /falasi/ | falasa /falasa/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | farasi /farasi/ | faashi /faːʃi/ | falasi /falasi/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| Maison | numba /numba/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyuumba /ɲuːmba/ | ing'ande /iŋande/ |
| Lait | mabeele /maβeːle/ | mabeele /mabeːle/ | maya /maja/ | mavee /maveː/ | mele /mele/ | maŵele /maβele/ | mavele /mavele/ |
| Miel | buuki /buːki/ | buuki /buːki/ | ruke /ruke/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | woki /woki/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ |
| Sel | munu /munu/ | munhu /munhu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | njete /ndʒete/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Vin | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinya /mviɲa/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ | divayi /divaji/ |
| Fer | kisinza /kisinza/ | jisinza /dʒisinza/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | kiama /kiama/ | chisyano /tʃisjano/ | chitale /tʃitale/ |
| Livre | kitabu /kitabu/ | shitabo /ʃitabo/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ |
| Manger | kulya /kuʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kurya /kurja/ | kuja /kuɟa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Boire | kunwa /kunwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ | kukumbila /kukumbila/ |
| Dormir | kulala /kulala/ | kulala /kulala/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | kugona /kuɡona/ |
| Un | imo /imo/ | imo /imo/ | umwe /umwe/ | imwe /imwe/ | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ | mo /mo/ | nimo /nimo/ |
| Deux | ibili /iβili/ | ibili /ibili/ | aviri /aβiri/ | avili /aβili/ | mbili /mbili/ | iŵili /iβili/ | vavili /vaʋili/ |
| Trois | idatu /idatu/ | idatu /idatʊ/ | itatu /itatu/ | adatu /adatu/ | katatu /katatu/ | sitatu /sitatu/ | nnaatu /nːaːtu/ |
| Quatre | inne /inːe/ | ine /ine/ | inne /inːe/ | — | kane /kaːne/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ |
| Cinq | itaano /itaːno/ | itano /itano/ | itano /itano/ | — | kashano /kaʃano/ | nsano /nsano/ | mwaanu /mwaːnu/ |
| Cent | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | gana /ɡana/ | mia /mia/ | miya /miːja/ |
| Bonjour | mwadita /mwadita/ | mwangaluka /mwaŋɡaluka/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | — /—/ | salama /salama/ | nakushukuru /nakuʃukuɾu/ |
| Merci | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | nakulumba /nakulumba/ | asante /aˈsante/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | asante /asante/ | — /—/ | nashukuru /naʃukuɾu/ |
| Bon | soga /soɡa/ | awiza /awiza/ | kihi /kihi/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | mtana /mtana/ | chambone /tʃambone/ | mbone /mbone/ |
| Nouveau | pya /pja/ | pya /pja/ | mpya /mpja/ | shaa /ʃaː/ | mpya /mpja/ | jasambano /dʒasambano/ | chahambi /tʃahambi/ |
| Rouge | laluku /laluku/ | ndulu /ndulu/ | ntune /ntune/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | chechejeu /tʃetʃedʒeu/ | nahuvi /nahuvi/ |
| Blanc | pe /pe/ | ape /ape/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | jewa /dʒewa/ | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ | cheswela /tʃeswela/ | naswe /naswe/ |
| Noir | pi /pi/ | api /api/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | jiru /dʒiru/ | size /size/ | chepiliu /tʃepiliu/ | napi /napi/ |
| Bleu | bululu /bululu/ | — | — | — | — | buluwu /buluwu/ | — |
| 99 | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makʊmi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | milongo kenda na kenda /miloŋɡo keːnda na keːnda/ | makumi msano ni mcece kwisa msano ni mcece /makumi msano ni mtʃetʃe kwisa msano ni mtʃetʃe/ | tisini na tisa /tisini na tisa/ |
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