Lumasaaba
Masaba
atlantico-congolais (bantou, masaba-luhya)
Le masaaba (Lumasaaba ; ISO 639-3 : myx), aussi nommé gisu ou lugisu, est une langue bantoue des communautés bamasaaba ou bagisu établies sur les versants occidentaux et méridionaux du mont Elgon, dans l’est de l’Ouganda et le Kenya voisin. Il est étroitement apparenté au bukusu et aux autres langues souvent regroupées comme luhya, mais il est identifié séparément et ne doit pas être simplement renommé avec le code de macrolangue luhya. Comme d’autres langues bantoues, il possède des classes nominales dont l’accord apparaît sur les modificateurs et d’autres éléments grammaticaux. Tonal et agglutinant, il suit généralement l’ordre sujet–verbe–objet et construit des formes verbales complexes marquant participants, temps, aspect et catégories associées. Écrit dans une orthographe latine, il sert dans les médias, les églises, la littérature locale et une partie de l’enseignement ; sans statut officiel national, ses locuteurs multilingues emploient aussi anglais, swahili, luganda ou langues voisines selon le contexte.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en masaba
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : atlantico-congolais (bantou, masaba-luhya)
| Sens | Masaba | Bukusu | Luhya | Soga | Nyoro | Runyankole | Chiga |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | kamaatsi /kamaːtsi/ | kameechi /kameːtʃi/ | amatsi /amatsi/ | amaadhi /amaːd̪i/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ |
| Feu | kamulilo /kamulilo/ | kumulilo /kumulilo/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | omurro /omurro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ |
| Soleil | suuba /suːba/ | enyanga /eɲaŋɡa/ | liuba /liuba/ | endhuba /end̪uba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ |
| Lune | umweesi /umweːsi/ | kumwesi /kumwesi/ | omwesi /omwesi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ |
| Étoile | kumunyeenye /kumuɲeːɲe/ | eng'enieesi /eŋeɲeːsi/ | engʼiningʼini /eŋiniŋini/ | emuunienie /emuːɲeɲe/ | enyunyuunzi /eɲuɲuːnzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ |
| Nuit | busilo /busilo/ | siilo /siːlo/ | eshilo /eʃilo/ | obwire /obwire/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ |
| Pluie | ifula /ifula/ | efula /efula/ | efula /eˈfula/ | enkuba /eŋkuba/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ |
| Vent | imbewo /imbewo/ | embeo /embeo/ | omuyeka /omujeka/ | empewo /empewo/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ |
| Terre | liloba /liloba/ | liloba /liloba/ | liloba /liloba/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | itaka /itaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ |
| Pierre | libaale /libaːle/ | libaale /liβaːle/ | lichina /litʃina/ | eibaale /eibaːle/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ |
| Montagne | lukiingi /lukiːŋɡi/ | sikulu /sikulu/ | eshikulu /eʃikulu/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | omusozi /omusozi/ |
| Mer | inyaantsa /iɲaːntsa/ | enyanja /eɲandʒa/ | inyanza /iɲanza/ | enhandha /eɲand̪a/ | enyanja /eɲaɲɟa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ |
| Mère | mayi /maji/ | maayi /maːji/ | mayi /maji/ | maama /maːma/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | maawe /maːwe/ | nyina /ɲina/ |
| Père | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | lata /lata/ | isho /iʃo/ | tata /tata/ | ishe /iʃe/ |
| Fille | umukhaana /umuxaːna/ | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ | omughala /omuɣala/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ |
| Je | ise /ise/ | ese /ese/ | ese /ese/ | nze /nze/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ |
| Tu | iwe /iwe/ | ewe /ewe/ | ewe /ewe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Nous | ifwe /ifwe/ | efwe /efwe/ | efwe /efwe/ | iffe /ifːe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ |
| Nom | lisiina /lisiːna/ | lisina /lisina/ | elira /elira/ | eriina /eriːna/ | ibara /iβara/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ |
| Personne | umundu /umundu/ | omundu /omundu/ | omundu /omundu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ |
| Tête | kumurwe /kumurwe/ | kumurwe /kumurwe/ | omurwe /omurwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ |
| Œil | liiso /liːso/ | emoni /emoni/ | liiso /liːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ |
| Oreille | khukhuru /kʰukʰuru/ | liiru /liːru/ | eshirwi /eʃirwi/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ |
| Nez | lilyoolu /liʎoːlu/ | lyolu /ljolu/ | amolu /amolu/ | enhindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ |
| Bouche | kumunwa /kumunwa/ | kumunwa /kumunwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ |
| Dent | liino /liːno/ | liino /liːno/ | lino /lino/ | erino /erino/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ |
| Langue | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ |
| Main | kumukhono /kumukʰono/ | kumukhono /kumuxono/ | omukhono /omukʰono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ |
| Pied | shikyele /ʃikjele/ | sikele /sikele/ | eshilenje /eʃilendʒe/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ |
| Cœur | umwoyo /umwojo/ | kumwoyo /kumwojo/ | omwoyo /omwojo/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ |
| Os | kumba /kumba/ | sikuumba /sikuːmba/ | eshikumba /eʃikumba/ | eigumba /eiɡumba/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ |
| Sang | kamafuki /kamafuki/ | kamafuki /kamafuki/ | amasayi /amasaji/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ |
| Amour | khusima /kʰusima/ | khusiima /xusiːma/ | obuyanzi /obujanzi/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kukunda /kukunda/ |
| Arbre | kumusaala /kumusaːla/ | kumusaala /kumusaːla/ | omusala /omusala/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ |
| Chien | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ |
| Chat | paka /paka/ | enyawu /eɲawu/ | lipusi /lipusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | paaka /paːka/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | kapa /kapa/ |
| Poisson | enyeni /eɲeni/ | eng'eeni /eŋeːni/ | inyeni /iɲeni/ | ekyenhandha /etʃeɲand̪a/ | encu /eɲtʃu/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ |
| Oiseau | khanywinywi /kʰaɲwiɲwi/ | enyuni /eɲuni/ | linyonyi /liɲoɲi/ | enhonhi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ |
| Œuf | liiki /liːki/ | liiki /liːki/ | liki /liki/ | eggi /eɡːi/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eihuri /eihuri/ |
| Cheval | ifarasi /ifarasi/ | efarasi /efarasi/ | ifarasi /ifarasi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ |
| Maison | nzu /nzu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enzu /enzu/ | endhu /end̪u/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ |
| Lait | kamabeele /kamabeːle/ | kamabeele /kamaβeːle/ | amabeere /amabeːre/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amate /amate/ | amate /amate/ |
| Miel | bubuukhi /bubuːkʰi/ | buukhi /buːxi/ | obushi /obuʃi/ | omudheenene /omud̪eːnene/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwuuki /obwuːtʃi/ |
| Sel | kyumbi /kjumbi/ | kumuunyu /kumuːɲu/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omuunhu /omuːɲu/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ |
| Vin | iviini /iviːni/ | endali /endali/ | idivai /idivai/ | omwenge gw'emizabbibu /omweŋɡe ɡwemizabːibu/ | eviini /eviːni/ | viino /viːno/ | viino /viːno/ |
| Fer | sikyuma /sikjuma/ | sichuuma /sitʃuːma/ | eshibia /eʃibia/ | ekyuma /ekjuma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | obutare /obutare/ |
| Roue | kumukuwu /kumukuwu/ | engara /eŋɡara/ | omukurutumu /omukurutumu/ | enkede /eŋkede/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ |
| Livre | shitabo /ʃitabo/ | sitabu /sitabu/ | eshitabu /eʃitabu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ |
| Manger | khulya /kʰuʎa/ | khulya /xulja/ | khulia /kʰulia/ | kulya /kulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kurja/ |
| Boire | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ | khunywa /xuɲwa/ | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ | kunhwa /kuɲʷa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Dormir | khukona /kʰukona/ | khukona /xukona/ | khukona /kʰukona/ | kutenduka /kutenduka/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ |
| Un | mulala /mulala/ | ndala /ndala/ | ndala /ndala/ | ndala /ndala/ | emu /emu/ | emwe /emwe/ | rumwe /rumwe/ |
| Deux | babili /βaβili/ | babili /βaβili/ | tsibili /tsibili/ | ibiri /ibiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ |
| Trois | bisatu /bisatu/ | bataru /βataru/ | tsitaru /tsitaru/ | isatu /isatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ |
| Quatre | tsine /tsine/ | bane /βane/ | tsine /tsine/ | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ | eina /eina/ | ina /ina/ |
| Cinq | tsirano /tsirano/ | baraano /βaraːno/ | tsirano /tsirano/ | itaanu /iˈtaːnu/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ |
| Cent | sitondo /sitondo/ | miya /mija/ | emia /emia/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ |
| Bonjour | mulembe /mulembe/ | mulembe /mulembe/ | mulembe /mulembe/ | mwaakire /mwaːkire/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | oraire /oraire/ |
| Merci | ole nise /ole nise/ | orio /orio/ | orio /orio/ | weebale /weːbale/ | webale /webale/ | webare /webare/ | webare /webare/ |
| Bon | kalayi /kalaji/ | kalayi /kalaji/ | malayi /malaji/ | bulungi /buluŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ |
| Nouveau | imbya /imbja/ | embia /embia/ | eshiyia /eʃijia/ | iyaka /ijaka/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | ekisya /etʃisja/ |
| Rouge | kumafu /kumafu/ | besemu /βesemu/ | kumafu /kumafu/ | myufu /mjufu/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ |
| Blanc | iwanga /iwaŋɡa/ | waanga /waːŋɡa/ | eshilafu /eʃilafu/ | ndheru /nd̪eru/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ |
| Noir | imali /imali/ | mali /mali/ | eshimali /eʃimali/ | ndhirugavu /nd̪iruɡavu/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ |
| 99 | kamakhumi syeenda na syeenda /kamakʰumi sjeːnda na sjeːnda/ | kamakhumi tisa na tisa /kamaxumi tisa na tisa/ | amakhumi tisa na tisa /amaxumi tisa na tisa/ | kyenda na mwenda /kjenda na mwenda/ | kyenda na mwenda /tʃenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ |
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