Eshisango
Sangu
atlantique-congo (Bantou, occidental Tanzanie)
Le sangu (Eshisango, aussi Kisangu) est une langue bantoue (F13) parlée dans la plaine d'Usangu, au sud-ouest de la Tanzanie, près du parc national de Ruaha. Les Sangu, historiques rivaux des Hehe (guerres hehe-sangu du XIXe siècle sous les chefs Mkwawa et Mwenikupinga), ont développé une identité pastorale distinctive contrastant avec les sociétés bantoues agricoles voisines. Malgré un nombre réduit de locuteurs aujourd'hui, la langue se transmet encore entre générations dans les communautés rurales.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en sangu
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : atlantique-congo (Bantou, occidental Tanzanie)
| Sens | Sangu | Yao | Makondé | Bemba | Luhya | Nyamwezi | Nyaturu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | amalenga /amalenɡa/ | meesi /meːsi/ | medi /medi/ | amenshi /amenʃi/ | amatsi /amatsi/ | minzi /minzi/ | maji /madʒi/ |
| Feu | umooto /umoːto/ | mooto /moːto/ | moto /moto/ | umulilo /umulilo/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Soleil | ilijuva /ilijuva/ | lyuŵa /ʎuβa/ | liduva /liduva/ | akasuba /akasuba/ | liuba /liuba/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ | yura /juɾa/ |
| Lune | umwesi /umwesi/ | lwesi /lwesi/ | mwedi /mwedi/ | umweshi /umweʃi/ | omwesi /omwesi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ |
| Étoile | inondwe /inondwe/ | ndondwa /ndondwa/ | inondwa /inondwa/ | intanda /intanda/ | engʼiningʼini /eŋiniŋini/ | nsonda /nsonda/ | njota /ndʒota/ |
| Nuit | paashilo /paːʃilo/ | chilo /tʃilo/ | chilo /tʃilo/ | ubushiku /ubuʃiku/ | eshilo /eʃilo/ | buziku /buziku/ | utiku /utiku/ |
| Pluie | inoonya /inoːɲa/ | ula /ula/ | imbula /imbula/ | imfula /imˈfula/ | efula /eˈfula/ | mbula /mbula/ | mbura /mbura/ |
| Vent | ilipepo /ilipepo/ | mbungo /mbuŋɡo/ | lipungo /lipuŋɡo/ | umwela /umwela/ | omuyeka /omujeka/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ | mpefo /mpefo/ |
| Terre | ililongo /ililoŋɡo/ | litaka /litaka/ | ulongo /uloŋɡo/ | umushili /umuʃili/ | liloba /liloba/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ |
| Pierre | ilingʼanga /iliŋaŋɡa/ | liganga /liɡaŋɡa/ | liyanga /lijaŋɡa/ | ibwe /iˈbwe/ | lichina /litʃina/ | iwe /iwe/ | igwe /iɡwe/ |
| Montagne | ishidunda /iʃidunda/ | chitumbi /tʃitumbi/ | lichinga /litʃiŋɡa/ | ulupili /ulupili/ | eshikulu /eʃikulu/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ |
| Mer | bahali /bahali/ | bahali /bahali/ | bahali /bahali/ | bemba /bemba/ | inyanza /iɲanza/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | irambo /iɾambo/ |
| Mère | umaayi /umaːji/ | amao /amao/ | mama /mama/ | bamayo /bamajo/ | mayi /maji/ | mayu /maju/ | mama /mama/ |
| Père | udaada /udaːda/ | atati /atati/ | baba /baba/ | bataata /bataːta/ | papa /papa/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ |
| Fille | mwali /mwali/ | mwali /mwali/ | nahaku /nahaku/ | umwana mwanakashi /umwana mwanakaʃi/ | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | muncha /muntʃa/ |
| Je | one /one/ | une /une/ | une /une/ | ine /ine/ | ese /ese/ | nene /ˈnene/ | une /une/ |
| Tu | owe /owe/ | ugwe /uɡwe/ | uve /uve/ | iwe /iwe/ | ewe /ewe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | uwe /uwe/ |
| Nous | ose /ose/ | uwe /uwe/ | hwetu /hwetu/ | ifwe /ifwe/ | efwe /efwe/ | iswe /iswe/ | sese /sese/ |
| Nom | ilitaawa /ilitaːwa/ | liina /liːna/ | lina /lina/ | ishina /iʃina/ | elira /elira/ | lina /ˈlina/ | rina /ɾina/ |
| Personne | umuunu /umuːnu/ | mundu /mundu/ | munu /munu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ | omundu /omundu/ | munhu /munhu/ | muntu /muntu/ |
| Tête | umutwe /umutwe/ | ntwe /ntwe/ | muti /muti/ | umutwe /umutwe/ | omurwe /omurwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | itwe /itwe/ |
| Œil | iliiho /iliːho/ | liso /liso/ | liso /liso/ | ilinso /ilinso/ | liiso /liːso/ | liso /liso/ | riho /riho/ |
| Oreille | ilikutu /ilikutu/ | liwiwi /liwiwi/ | likutu /likutu/ | ukutwi /ukutwi/ | eshirwi /eʃirwi/ | itwi /itwi/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ |
| Nez | imula /imula/ | lupula /lupula/ | imula /imula/ | umona /umona/ | amolu /amolu/ | nindo /nindo/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ |
| Bouche | umulomo /umulomo/ | kang'wa /kaŋwa/ | kanya /kaɲa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | momo /momo/ |
| Dent | iliino /iliːno/ | liino /liːno/ | lino /lino/ | ilino /ilino/ | lino /lino/ | lino /lino/ | ino /ino/ |
| Langue | ulumili /ulumili/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | ululimi /ululimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | urimi /urimi/ |
| Main | iliwokho /iliwoxo/ | nkono /nkono/ | nkono /nkono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | omukhono /omukʰono/ | kukono /kukono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ |
| Pied | iligulu /iliɡulu/ | lukongolo /lukoŋɡolo/ | likambatu /likambatu/ | ulukasa /ulukasa/ | eshilenje /eʃilendʒe/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ |
| Cœur | inumbula /inumbula/ | ntima /ntima/ | ntima /ntima/ | umutima /umutima/ | omwoyo /omwojo/ | moyo /mojo/ | umutima /umutima/ |
| Os | ilifupa /ilifupa/ | liupa /liupa/ | ligwangwa /liɡwaŋɡwa/ | ifupa /ifupa/ | eshikumba /eʃikumba/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | ikufa /ikufa/ |
| Sang | idanda /idanda/ | miasi /miasi/ | myadi /mjadi/ | umulopa /umulopa/ | amasayi /amasaji/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | sakami /sakami/ |
| Caca | mafi /mafi/ | manyi /maɲi/ | mavi /mavi/ | amafi /amafi/ | amafwi /amafwi/ | maafi /maːfi/ | — |
| Amour | ulugano /uluɡano/ | unonyelo /unoɲelo/ | kupenda /kupenda/ | ukutemwa /ukutemwa/ | obuyanzi /obujanzi/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| Arbre | umupishi /umupiʃi/ | chitela /tʃitela/ | nnandi /nːandi/ | icimuti /itʃimuti/ | omusala /omusala/ | muti /muti/ | umuti /umuti/ |
| Chien | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | nshenye /nʃeɲe/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Chat | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | imaaka /imaːka/ | pushi /puʃi/ | lipusi /lipusi/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ |
| Poisson | inswi /inswi/ | somba /somba/ | homba /homba/ | isabi /isabi/ | inyeni /iɲeni/ | somba /soːmba/ | somba /somba/ |
| Oiseau | indege /indeɡe/ | chijuni /tʃidʒuni/ | chuni /tʃuni/ | icuni /itʃuni/ | linyonyi /liɲoɲi/ | noni /noni/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ |
| Œuf | ilikhankha /ilixanxa/ | lindanda /lindanda/ | liye /lije/ | ilini /ilini/ | liki /liki/ | igi /iɡi/ | ighe /iɣe/ |
| Ours | dubu /dubu/ | dubu /dubu/ | dubu /dubu/ | bea /bea/ | itubu /itubu/ | — | — |
| Cheval | ifalaasi /ifalaːsi/ | falasi /falasi/ | falasi /falasi/ | kabalwe /kabalwe/ | ifarasi /ifarasi/ | falasi /falasi/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ |
| Maison | ilitembe /ilitembe/ | nyuumba /ɲuːmba/ | ing'ande /iŋande/ | ingʼanda /iŋːanda/ | enzu /enzu/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Lait | utupyo /utupjo/ | maŵele /maβele/ | mavele /mavele/ | umukaka /umukaka/ | amabeere /amabeːre/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ | maya /maja/ |
| Miel | uwuushi /uwuːʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | ubuci /ubutʃi/ | obushi /obuʃi/ | buuki /buːki/ | ruke /ruke/ |
| Sel | umuunyo /umuːɲo/ | njete /ndʒete/ | munyu /muɲu/ | umucele /umutʃele/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | munu /munu/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Vin | idivaayi /idivaːji/ | divai /divai/ | divayi /divaji/ | umwangashi /umwaŋɡaʃi/ | idivai /idivai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ |
| Fer | ishuuma /iʃuːma/ | chisyano /tʃisjano/ | chitale /tʃitale/ | icela /iˈtʃela/ | eshibia /eʃibia/ | kisinza /kisinza/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ |
| Soie | haliili /haliːli/ | halili /halili/ | halili /halili/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | — | — | hariri /haɾiɾi/ |
| Livre | ilitaafili /ilitaːfili/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ | icitabo /itʃitabo/ | eshitabu /eʃitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ |
| Manger | kiilya /kiːlja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | ukulya /ukulja/ | khulia /kʰulia/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kuria /kuɾia/ |
| Boire | kiingʼwa /kiːŋwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ | kukumbila /kukumbila/ | ukunwa /ukunwa/ | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Dormir | kigona /kiɡona/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | ukulaala /ukulaːla/ | khukona /kʰukona/ | kulala /kulala/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ |
| Un | imo /imo/ | mo /mo/ | nimo /nimo/ | cimo /tʃimo/ | ndala /ndala/ | imo /imo/ | umwe /umwe/ |
| Deux | sivili /sivili/ | iŵili /iβili/ | vavili /vaʋili/ | fibili /fibili/ | tsibili /tsibili/ | ibili /iβili/ | aviri /aβiri/ |
| Trois | sitatu /sitatu/ | sitatu /sitatu/ | nnaatu /nːaːtu/ | fitatu /fitatu/ | tsitaru /tsitaru/ | idatu /idatu/ | itatu /itatu/ |
| Quatre | sina /sina/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ | fine /fine/ | tsine /tsine/ | inne /inːe/ | inne /inːe/ |
| Cinq | sisaanu /sisaːnu/ | nsano /nsano/ | mwaanu /mwaːnu/ | fisano /fisano/ | tsirano /tsirano/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itano /itano/ |
| Cent | ligana /liɡana/ | mia /mia/ | miya /miːja/ | umwanda /umwanda/ | emia /emia/ | igana /iɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ |
| Bonjour | mbasala /mbasala/ | salama /salama/ | nakushukuru /nakuʃukuɾu/ | muli shani /muli ʃani/ | mulembe /mulembe/ | mwadita /mwadita/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ |
| Merci | nashukulu /naʃukulu/ | — /—/ | nashukuru /naʃukuɾu/ | natotela /natotela/ | orio /orio/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | asante /aˈsante/ |
| Bon | inofu /inofu/ | chambone /tʃambone/ | mbone /mbone/ | cisuma /tʃisuma/ | malayi /malaji/ | soga /soɡa/ | kihi /kihi/ |
| Nouveau | ishipya /iʃipja/ | jasambano /dʒasambano/ | chahambi /tʃahambi/ | cipya /tʃipja/ | eshiyia /eʃijia/ | pya /pja/ | mpya /mpja/ |
| Rouge | induuhu /induːhu/ | chechejeu /tʃetʃedʒeu/ | nahuvi /nahuvi/ | kashika /kaʃika/ | kumafu /kumafu/ | laluku /laluku/ | ntune /ntune/ |
| Blanc | imbalafu /imbalafu/ | cheswela /tʃeswela/ | naswe /naswe/ | buuta /buːta/ | eshilafu /eʃilafu/ | pe /pe/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ |
| Noir | niitu /niːtu/ | chepiliu /tʃepiliu/ | napi /napi/ | fiita /fiːta/ | eshimali /eʃimali/ | pi /pi/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ |
| 99 | mashumi gonja ni gonja /maʃumi ɡonja ni ɡonja/ | makumi msano ni mcece kwisa msano ni mcece /makumi msano ni mtʃetʃe kwisa msano ni mtʃetʃe/ | tisini na tisa /tisini na tisa/ | amakumi pabula na pabula /amakumi pabula na pabula/ | amakhumi tisa na tisa /amaxumi tisa na tisa/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ |
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