Runyoro
Nyoro
Famille atlantico-congolaise (branche bantoue, JE runyakitara)
Le nyoro (runyoro) est une langue bantoue de la zone JE (Grands Lacs), parlée dans l'ouest de l'Ouganda — principalement dans les districts de Hoima, Masindi, Kibaale et Kakumiro — par le peuple banyoro, la population principale du royaume historique de Bunyoro-Kitara. Avec le tooro, il forme la paire runyoro-rutooro (mutuellement intelligibles), et il est étroitement apparenté au nyankole et au kiga au sein du groupe runyakitara. Le Bunyoro-Kitara fut l'empire interlacustre dominant du XIIIe au XVIIe siècle avant d'être éclipsé par le Buganda. Écriture latine avec un système à cinq voyelles + longueur.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en nyoro
Sources
- Ruzindana (1996) — Runyoro-Rutooro–English Dictionary
- Ethnologue 27: Nyoro
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Famille atlantico-congolaise (branche bantoue, JE runyakitara)
| Sens | Nyoro | Tooro | Chiga | Runyankole | Soga | Luganda | Kinyarwanda |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaadhi /amaːd̪i/ | amazzi /amaːzːi/ | amazi /amaːzi/ |
| Feu | omurro /omurro/ | omurro /omuro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | omuliro /omuliɾo/ | umuriro /umuɾiɾo/ |
| Soleil | izooba /izoːba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | endhuba /end̪uba/ | enjuba /eɲɟuba/ | izuba /izuba/ |
| Lune | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | ukwezi /ukwezi/ |
| Étoile | enyunyuunzi /eɲuɲuːnzi/ | enyunyuuzi /eɲuɲuːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | emuunienie /emuːɲeɲe/ | emmunyeenye /emːuɲeːɲe/ | inyenyeri /iɲeɲeri/ |
| Nuit | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | obwire /obwire/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ijoro /iʒoro/ |
| Pluie | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /endʒura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enkuba /eŋkuba/ | enkuba /eŋˈkuba/ | imvura /imˈvura/ |
| Neige | ebirika /eβirika/ | ebirika /eβirika/ | — | — | — | omuzira /omuzira/ | shelegi /ʃeleɡi/ |
| Vent | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | empewo /empewo/ | empewo /empeːwo/ | umuyaga /umujaɣa/ |
| Terre | itaka /itaka/ | itaaka /itaːka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | ettaka /ettaka/ | ubutaka /uɓutaka/ |
| Pierre | ibaale /iβaːle/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaale /eibaːle/ | ejjinja /edʒːiˈndʒa/ | ibuye /iˈɓuje/ |
| Montagne | orusozi /orusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | omusozi /omusozi/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | umusozi /umusozi/ |
| Mer | enyanja /eɲaɲɟa/ | enyanja /eɲaːndʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enhandha /eɲand̪a/ | ennyanja /eɲːaɲdʒa/ | inyanja /iɲandʒa/ |
| Mère | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | nyina /ɲina/ | maawe /maːwe/ | maama /maːma/ | maama /maːma/ | mama /maːma/ |
| Père | isho /iʃo/ | isho /iʃo/ | ishe /iʃe/ | tata /tata/ | lata /lata/ | taata /taːta/ | papa /paːpa/ |
| Fille | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omughala /omuɣala/ | omuwala /omuwala/ | umukobwa /umukobwa/ |
| Je | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nze /nze/ | nze /nze/ | njye /ɲɟe/ |
| Tu | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ggwe /ɡːwe/ | wowe /wowe/ |
| Nous | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | iffe /ifːe/ | ffe /fːe/ | twebwe /twebwe/ |
| Nom | ibara /iβara/ | ibara /iβara/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eriina /eriːna/ | erinnya /eriɲːa/ | izina /izina/ |
| Personne | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ |
| Tête | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | umutwe /umutwe/ |
| Œil | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eɾiːso/ | ijisho /iʒiʃo/ |
| Oreille | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | ugutwi /uɣutwi/ |
| Nez | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enhindo /eɲindo/ | ennyindo /eɲːindo/ | izuru /iˈzuɾu/ |
| Bouche | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | akamwa /akamwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ |
| Dent | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | erino /erino/ | erinnyo /eriɲːo/ | iryinyo /irjiɲo/ |
| Langue | orulimi /orulimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | ururimi /ururimi/ |
| Main | omukono /omukono/ | engaro /eŋɡaro/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | ikiganza /ikiɡanza/ |
| Pied | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /etʃiɡere/ | ikirenge /ikirenɡe/ |
| Cœur | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | umutima /umutima/ |
| Os | igufa /iɡufa/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigumba /eiɡumba/ | eggumba /eɡːumba/ | igufwa /iɡufwa/ |
| Sang | esagama /esaɡama/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | amaraso /amaraso/ |
| Caca | amazi /amazi/ | amaazi /amaːzi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amazzi /amazːi/ | empitambi /empitambi/ | amase /amase/ |
| Amour | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | okwagala /okwaːɡala/ | urukundo /uɾukundo/ |
| Arbre | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | igiti /iɡiti/ |
| Chien | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Chat | paaka /paːka/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | kapa /kapa/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | pusi /pusi/ | kkapa /kːapa/ | injangwe /indʒaŋɡwe/ |
| Poisson | encu /eɲtʃu/ | encu /entʃu/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | ekyenhandha /etʃeɲand̪a/ | ekyennyanja /etʃeɲːaɲdʒa/ | ifi /ifi/ |
| Oiseau | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enhonhi /eɲoɲi/ | ennyonyi /eɲːoˈɲi/ | inyoni /iˈɲoni/ |
| Œuf | ihuli /ihuli/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eggi /eɡːi/ | eggi /ˈeɡːi/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Ours | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ | — | eddubu /edːubu/ | idubu /iduβu/ |
| Cheval | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embarasi /embarasi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | ifarashi /ifaˈraʃi/ |
| Maison | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | endhu /end̪u/ | ennyumba /eɲːumba/ | inzu /inzu/ |
| Lait | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amate /amate/ | amate /amate/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ |
| Miel | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwoki /oβwoki/ | obwuuki /obwuːtʃi/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | omudheenene /omud̪eːnene/ | omubisi gwʼenjuki /omubisi ɡweɲdʒuki/ | ubuki /ubuki/ |
| Sel | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omuunhu /omuːɲu/ | omunnyo /omuɲːo/ | umunyu /umuɲu/ |
| Vin | eviini /eviːni/ | eviini /eviːni/ | viino /viːno/ | viino /viːno/ | omwenge gw'emizabbibu /omweŋɡe ɡwemizabːibu/ | wayini /wajini/ | divayi /divaji/ |
| Fer | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | obutare /obutare/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | ekyuma /ekjuma/ | ekyuma /eˈtʃuːma/ | icyuma /iˈtʃuma/ |
| Roue | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enkede /eŋkede/ | nnamuziga /nːamuˈziɡa/ | uruziga /uɾuziɡa/ |
| Soie | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | riiri /riːri/ | riiri /riːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | hariri /hariri/ |
| Livre | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | igitabo /iɡitabo/ |
| Manger | kulya /kulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kulya /kulja/ | okulya /okulja/ | kurya /kuɾja/ |
| Boire | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunhwa /kuɲʷa/ | okunywa /okuɲʷa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Dormir | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kuβjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kutenduka /kutenduka/ | okwebaka /okweβaka/ | gusinzira /ɡusinzira/ |
| Un | emu /emu/ | emu /emu/ | rumwe /rumwe/ | emwe /emwe/ | ndala /ndala/ | emu /emu/ | rimwe /ɾimwe/ |
| Deux | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /ibiri/ | bbiri /bːiri/ | kabiri /kabiri/ |
| Trois | isatu /isatu/ | isatu /iːsatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | ssatu /sːatu/ | gatatu /ɡatatu/ |
| Quatre | ina /ina/ | ina /iːna/ | ina /ina/ | eina /eina/ | ina /ina/ | nnya /ɲːa/ | kane /kane/ |
| Cinq | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaanu /iˈtaːnu/ | ttaano /tːaːno/ | gatanu /ɡataːnu/ |
| Cent | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | ijana /iʒana/ |
| Bonjour | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | oraire /oraire/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | mwaakire /mwaːkire/ | oli otya /oli otja/ | muraho /muɾaːho/ |
| Merci | webale /webale/ | webale /webale/ | webare /webare/ | webare /webare/ | weebale /weːbale/ | webale /weːbale/ | murakoze /muɾakoze/ |
| Bon | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | bulungi /buluŋɡi/ | kirungi /tʃiruŋɡi/ | byiza /bjiza/ |
| Nouveau | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekisya /etʃisja/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | iyaka /ijaka/ | mpya /mpja/ | gishya /ɡiʃja/ |
| Rouge | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | myufu /mjufu/ | myufu /mjufu/ | utukura /utukura/ |
| Blanc | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | ndheru /nd̪eru/ | eru /eːru/ | umweru /umweru/ |
| Noir | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | ndhirugavu /nd̪iruɡavu/ | ddugavu /dduɡavu/ | umukara /umukara/ |
| 99 | kyenda na mwenda /tʃenda na mwenda/ | — | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | kyenda na mwenda /kjenda na mwenda/ | kyenda mu mwenda /tʃenda mu mwenda/ | mirongo cyenda nʼicyenda /miɾoŋɡo tʃenda nitʃenda/ |
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