Yagaria
trans-Nouvelle-Guinée (Eastern Highlands)
Le yagaria est une langue des hautes terres orientales de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, classée dans le sous-groupe kainantu-goroka de la famille trans-néo-guinéenne. Elle emploie de nombreuses formes verbales pour exprimer l’évidentialité et l’aspect, trait commun aux langues papoues des hauts plateaux.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en yagaria
Sources
- Renck, G. L. 1977, Yagaria Dictionary with English Index (Pacific Linguistics C-37, ANU), as excerpted in the Rosetta Project Yagaria Swadesh list
- Renck, G. L. 1975, A Grammar of Yagaria (Pacific Linguistics B-40); ASJP YAGARIA for confirmation
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : trans-Nouvelle-Guinée (Eastern Highlands)
| Sens | Yagaria | Kanite | Enga | Hiri Motu | Samoan | Tuvaluan | Niouéen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | nina /nina/ | tina /tina/ | endaki /endaki/ | ranu /ɾanu/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ |
| Feu | hali /hali/ | ata /ata/ | ita /ita/ | lahi /lahi/ | afi /afi/ | afi /afi/ | afi /afi/ |
| Soleil | yege /jeɡe/ | yage /jaɡe/ | niki /niki/ | dina /dina/ | lā /laː/ | laa /laː/ | lā /laː/ |
| Lune | gei /ɡei/ | ika /ika/ | kana /kana/ | hua /hua/ | māsina /maːsina/ | masina /masina/ | mahina /mahina/ |
| Étoile | ganevi /ɡanevi/ | kaʼnefi /kaʔnefi/ | bui /bui/ | hisiu /hisiu/ | fetū /fetuː/ | fetū /fetuː/ | fetū /fetuː/ |
| Nuit | hanena /hanena/ | hani /hani/ | kuka /kuka/ | hanuaboi /hanuaboi/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ |
| Pluie | gona /ɡona/ | kola /kola/ | apu /apu/ | medu /medu/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ |
| Vent | yasi /jasi/ | yasi /jasi/ | poo /poː/ | lai /lai/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | matagi /mataŋi/ |
| Terre | igopa /iɡopa/ | mopa /mopa/ | yuu /juː/ | tano /tano/ | ʻeleʻele /ʔeleʔele/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | kelekele /kelekele/ |
| Pierre | yavana /javana/ | yafa /jafa/ | kana /kana/ | nadi /ˈnadi/ | maʻa /maʔa/ | fatu /fatu/ | maka /maka/ |
| Montagne | ae /ae/ | agoʼya /aɡoʔja/ | yuu manda /juː manda/ | ororo /ororo/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | mouga /mouŋa/ |
| Mer | hage nina /haɡe nina/ | hage li /haɡe li/ | solowata /solowata/ | davara /davara/ | sami /sami/ | tai /tai/ | tahi /tahi/ |
| Mère | nene /nene/ | ita /ita/ | endangi /endaŋɡi/ | sina /sina/ | tinā /tinaː/ | maatua /maːtua/ | matua fifine /matua fifine/ |
| Père | avoʼa /avoʔa/ | nafa /nafa/ | takange /takaŋɡe/ | tama /tama/ | tamā /tamaː/ | tamana /tamana/ | matua taane /matua taːne/ |
| Fille | abade /abade/ | muna /muna/ | wanenge /waneŋɡe/ | natuna kekeni /natuna kekeni/ | afafine /afafine/ | tama fafine /tama fafine/ | tama fifine /tama fifine/ |
| Je | dagaea /daɡaea/ | nagaya /naɡaja/ | namba /namba/ | lau /lau/ | aʻu /aʔu/ | au /au/ | au /au/ |
| Tu | gagaea /ɡaɡaea/ | kagaya /kaɡaja/ | emba /emba/ | oi /oi/ | ʻoe /ʔoe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ |
| Nous | lagaea /laɡaea/ | tagaya /taɡaja/ | naima /naima/ | ita / ai /ita / ai/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tautolu / mautolu /tautolu / mautolu/ |
| Nom | agi /aɡi/ | agi /aɡi/ | kenge /keŋɡe/ | ladana /laˈdana/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | higoa /hiŋoa/ |
| Tête | anuna /anuna/ | anu /anu/ | ayamba /ajamba/ | kwarana /kʷarana/ | ulu /ulu/ | ulu /ulu/ | ulu /ulu/ |
| Œil | oulega /ouleɡa/ | aulaga /aulaɡa/ | lenge /leŋɡe/ | matana /matana/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Oreille | ageta /aɡeta/ | agesa /aɡesa/ | kale /kale/ | taiana /taiana/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ |
| Nez | agota /aɡota/ | — | lyaa /ʎaː/ | udubaubauna /udubaubauna/ | isu /isu/ | isu /isu/ | ihu /ihu/ |
| Bouche | haeyapa /haejapa/ | avaya /avaja/ | kambu /kambu/ | uduna /uduna/ | gutu /ŋutu/ | gutu /ŋutu/ | gutu /ŋutu/ |
| Dent | haemota /haemota/ | ave /ave/ | nenge /neŋɡe/ | isena /isena/ | nifo /nifo/ | nifo /nifo/ | nifo /nifo/ |
| Langue | nevoda /nevoda/ | avefuʼna /avefuʔna/ | keke /keke/ | mala /mala/ | laulaufaiva /laulaufaiva/ | alelo /alelo/ | alelo /alelo/ |
| Main | anita /anita/ | ayana /ajana/ | kingi /kiŋɡi/ | ima /ima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Pied | iya /ija/ | aiya /aija/ | moko /moko/ | ae /ae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | hui /hui/ |
| Cœur | alutumopa /alutumopa/ | agu /aɡu/ | mona /mona/ | kudouna /kudouna/ | loto /loto/ | fatu /fatu/ | atevili /atevili/ |
| Os | apova /apova/ | ayamufa /ajamufa/ | kuli /kuli/ | turia /turia/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | hui /hui/ |
| Sang | golana /ɡolana/ | kola /kola/ | taiyoko /taijoko/ | rara /rara/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ |
| Amour | amige /amiɡe/ | avesi /avesi/ | auu kaenge /auː kaeŋɡe/ | lalokau /lalokau/ | alofa /alofa/ | alofa /alofa/ | fakaalofa /fakaalofa/ |
| Arbre | yava /java/ | yosa /josa/ | ita /ita/ | au /au/ | laʻau /laʔau/ | laakau /laːkau/ | akau /akau/ |
| Chien | gala /ɡala/ | kala /kala/ | yana /jana/ | sisia /sisia/ | maile /maile/ | kuli /kuli/ | kuli /kuli/ |
| Chat | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ |
| Poisson | fayana /fajana/ | noyame /nojame/ | amane /amane/ | gwarume /ɡʷaɾume/ | iʻa /iʔa/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ |
| Oiseau | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ | yaka /jaka/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ |
| Papillon | gokopala /ɡokopala/ | — | — | kaubebe /kaubebe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ |
| Œuf | amuna /amuna/ | — | tuku /tuku/ | gatoi /ɡatoi/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ | fua moa /fua moa/ |
| Cheval | silumata /silumata/ | hosi /hosi/ | osa /osa/ | hosi /hosi/ | solofanua /solofanua/ | solofanua /solofanua/ | solofanua /solofanua/ |
| Maison | yona /jona/ | no /no/ | anda /anda/ | ruma /ɾuma/ | fale /fale/ | fale /fale/ | fale /fale/ |
| Lait | duna /duna/ | nu /nu/ | andu /andu/ | rata /rata/ | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ | huhu /huhu/ |
| Miel | utaʼ gabe /utaʔ ɡabe/ | — | oni /oni/ | — | meli /meli/ | hani /hani/ | meli /meli/ |
| Sel | hage /haɡe/ | sole /sole/ | aipi /aipi/ | damena /damena/ | masima /masima/ | masima /masima/ | masima /masima/ |
| Vin | vaeni /vaeni/ | — | waene /waene/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaina /uaina/ |
| Riz | laesi /laesi/ | — | — | raisi /raisi/ | alaisa /alaisa/ | laisi /laisi/ | laisi /laisi/ |
| Fer | aeni /aeni/ | — | aene /aene/ | auri /ˈauɾi/ | uʻamea /uʔamea/ | fiti /fiti/ | lapatoa /lapatoa/ |
| Roue | vili /vili/ | — | — | uili /uili/ | uili /uili/ | teka /teka/ | veli /veli/ |
| Livre | buku /buku/ | avo /avo/ | buku /buku/ | buka /ˈbuka/ | tusi /tusi/ | tusi /tusi/ | tohi /tohi/ |
| Manger | de /de/ | ne /ne/ | nepenge /nepeŋɡe/ | ania /ania/ | ʻai /ʔai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ |
| Boire | de /de/ | ne /ne/ | na pee /na peː/ | inua /inua/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ |
| Dormir | ouʼ hao /ouʔ hao/ | fae /fae/ | luu palenge /luː paleŋɡe/ | mahuta /maˈhuta/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | mohe /mohe/ |
| Un | bogo /boɡo/ | nagoke /naɡoke/ | mendai /mendai/ | ta /ta/ | tasi /tasi/ | tasi /tasi/ | taha /taha/ |
| Deux | lole /lole/ | tole /tole/ | lapo /lapo/ | rua /rua/ | lua /lua/ | lua /lua/ | ua /ua/ |
| Trois | loleʼeʼ bogoʼeʼ /loleʔeʔ boɡoʔeʔ/ | tagufa /taɡufa/ | tepo /tepo/ | toi /toi/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ |
| Quatre | loleʼe loleʼe /loleʔe loleʔe/ | foʼa /foʔa/ | kitomende /kitomende/ | hani /hani/ | fā /faː/ | fā /faː/ | fā /faː/ |
| Cinq | faefu /faefu/ | faefuʼa /faefuʔa/ | yuungi /juːŋɡi/ | ima /ima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Cent | hateleti /hateleti/ | vani hataleti /vani hataleti/ | andate /andate/ | handred /handred/ | selau /selau/ | selau /selau/ | teau /teau/ |
| Bonjour | amige /amiɡe/ | naipa /naipa/ | kotaka /kotaka/ | namona /namona/ | talofa /talofa/ | taalofa /taːlofa/ | fakaalofa atu /fakaalofa atu/ |
| Merci | tega /teɡa/ | muse /muse/ | yaka pilyino lenge /jaka piʎino leŋɡe/ | tanikiu /tanikiu/ | faʻafetai /faʔafetai/ | fakafetai /fakafetai/ | fakaaue /fakaaue/ |
| Bon | ho /ho/ | kanale /kanale/ | epe /epe/ | namo /namo/ | lelei /lelei/ | lei /lei/ | mitaki /mitaki/ |
| Nouveau | souva /souva/ | haegafa /haeɡafa/ | enenge /eneŋɡe/ | matamata /matamata/ | fou /fou/ | fou /fou/ | foou /foou/ |
| Rouge | gitumaʼ /ɡitumaʔ/ | haesa /haesa/ | kone /kone/ | kakakaka /kakakaka/ | mūmū /muːmuː/ | kula /kula/ | kula /kula/ |
| Blanc | efeʼ /efeʔ/ | efeʼage /efeʔaɡe/ | kyeo /kjeo/ | kurokuro /kurokuro/ | paʻepaʻe /paʔepaʔe/ | kena /kena/ | tea /tea/ |
| Noir | nupa /nupa/ | anupa /anupa/ | pumbuti /pumbuti/ | korema /korema/ | uliuli /uliuli/ | uli /uli/ | uli /uli/ |
| Bleu | gumo /ɡumo/ | — | sakapae /sakapae/ | gadoka gadoka /ɡadoka ɡadoka/ | lanumoana /lanumoana/ | lanu moana /lanu moana/ | lanu moana /lanu moana/ |
| Sucre | sukana /sukana/ | — | suka /suka/ | suga /suɡa/ | suka /suka/ | suka /suka/ | suka /suka/ |
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