Lusoga
Soga
Niger-Congo (atlantique-congo, bantou ; grands lacs / bantou du nord-est, zone JE.16)
Le soga (lusoga dans sa forme autochtone) est une langue bantoue de la famille nigéro-congolaise, parlée par le peuple soga (Basoga) dans la région du Busoga, au sud-est de l'Ouganda, au nord du lac Victoria. Elle compte environ 3 millions de locuteurs, ce qui en fait l'une des plus grandes langues de l'Ouganda. Écrite en alphabet latin, c'est une langue à tons étroitement apparentée au ganda (luganda) voisin; bien qu'elle ne soit pas une langue officielle nationale, elle est largement utilisée dans l'enseignement local, la radio et la presse.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en soga
Sources
- Baibuli Ekibono kya Katonda 2014, Lusoga Bible (bible.com 1256; round-62 cache); lexibank tls dataset, Lusoga list (iffe, erino, eigumba, iyaka, kutenduka, enyhindo, munyhu); Grollemund et al. 2015 Bantu lexicon (JE16 Lusoga); ASJP SOGA. Nabirye 2009, Eiwanika ly'Olusoga (general reference, not consulted: the site refuses the LangMap User-Agent)
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Niger-Congo (atlantique-congo, bantou ; grands lacs / bantou du nord-est, zone JE.16)
| Sens | Soga | Luganda | Nyoro | Tooro | Runyankole | Chiga | Luhya |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | amaadhi /amaːd̪i/ | amazzi /amaːzːi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amatsi /amatsi/ |
| Feu | omuliro /omuliro/ | omuliro /omuliɾo/ | omurro /omurro/ | omurro /omuro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuliro /omuliro/ |
| Soleil | endhuba /end̪uba/ | enjuba /eɲɟuba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | liuba /liuba/ |
| Lune | omwezi /omwezi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | omwesi /omwesi/ |
| Étoile | emuunienie /emuːɲeɲe/ | emmunyeenye /emːuɲeːɲe/ | enyunyuunzi /eɲuɲuːnzi/ | enyunyuuzi /eɲuɲuːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | engʼiningʼini /eŋiniŋini/ |
| Nuit | obwire /obwire/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | eshilo /eʃilo/ |
| Pluie | enkuba /eŋkuba/ | enkuba /eŋˈkuba/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /endʒura/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | efula /eˈfula/ |
| Vent | empewo /empewo/ | empewo /empeːwo/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyeka /omujeka/ |
| Terre | eitaka /eitaka/ | ettaka /ettaka/ | itaka /itaka/ | itaaka /itaːka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | liloba /liloba/ |
| Pierre | eibaale /eibaːle/ | ejjinja /edʒːiˈndʒa/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | lichina /litʃina/ |
| Montagne | olusozi /olusozi/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | omusozi /omusozi/ | eshikulu /eʃikulu/ |
| Mer | enhandha /eɲand̪a/ | ennyanja /eɲːaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲɟa/ | enyanja /eɲaːndʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | inyanza /iɲanza/ |
| Mère | maama /maːma/ | maama /maːma/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | maawe /maːwe/ | nyina /ɲina/ | mayi /maji/ |
| Père | lata /lata/ | taata /taːta/ | isho /iʃo/ | isho /iʃo/ | tata /tata/ | ishe /iʃe/ | papa /papa/ |
| Fille | omughala /omuɣala/ | omuwala /omuwala/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ |
| Je | nze /nze/ | nze /nze/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | ese /ese/ |
| Tu | iwe /iwe/ | ggwe /ɡːwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ewe /ewe/ |
| Nous | iffe /ifːe/ | ffe /fːe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | efwe /efwe/ |
| Nom | eriina /eriːna/ | erinnya /eriɲːa/ | ibara /iβara/ | ibara /iβara/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | elira /elira/ |
| Personne | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omundu /omundu/ |
| Tête | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omurwe /omurwe/ |
| Œil | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eɾiːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | liiso /liːso/ |
| Oreille | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | eshirwi /eʃirwi/ |
| Nez | enhindo /eɲindo/ | ennyindo /eɲːindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | amolu /amolu/ |
| Bouche | omunwa /omunwa/ | akamwa /akamwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ |
| Dent | erino /erino/ | erinnyo /eriɲːo/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | lino /lino/ |
| Langue | olulimi /olulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ |
| Main | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | engaro /eŋɡaro/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukhono /omukʰono/ |
| Pied | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /etʃiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | eshilenje /eʃilendʒe/ |
| Cœur | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omwoyo /omwojo/ |
| Os | eigumba /eiɡumba/ | eggumba /eɡːumba/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eshikumba /eʃikumba/ |
| Sang | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | amasayi /amasaji/ |
| Caca | amazzi /amazːi/ | empitambi /empitambi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amaazi /amaːzi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amafwi /amafwi/ |
| Amour | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | okwagala /okwaːɡala/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | obuyanzi /obujanzi/ |
| Arbre | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omusala /omusala/ |
| Chien | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Chat | pusi /pusi/ | kkapa /kːapa/ | paaka /paːka/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | kapa /kapa/ | lipusi /lipusi/ |
| Poisson | ekyenhandha /etʃeɲand̪a/ | ekyennyanja /etʃeɲːaɲdʒa/ | encu /eɲtʃu/ | encu /entʃu/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | inyeni /iɲeni/ |
| Oiseau | enhonhi /eɲoɲi/ | ennyonyi /eɲːoˈɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | linyonyi /liɲoɲi/ |
| Papillon | ekiwoiwolo /ekiwoiwolo/ | ekiwojjolo /etʃiwodʒːolo/ | — | ekihoiholya /ekihoiholja/ | ekihuguuhugu /ekihuɡuːhuɡu/ | ekinyugunyugu /etʃiɲuɡuɲuɡu/ | likuyukuyu /likujukuju/ |
| Œuf | eggi /eɡːi/ | eggi /ˈeɡːi/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | liki /liki/ |
| Cheval | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embarasi /embarasi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | ifarasi /ifarasi/ |
| Maison | endhu /end̪u/ | ennyumba /eɲːumba/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enzu /enzu/ |
| Lait | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amate /amate/ | amate /amate/ | amabeere /amabeːre/ |
| Miel | omudheenene /omud̪eːnene/ | omubisi gwʼenjuki /omubisi ɡweɲdʒuki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwoki /oβwoki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwuuki /obwuːtʃi/ | obushi /obuʃi/ |
| Sel | omuunhu /omuːɲu/ | omunnyo /omuɲːo/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ |
| Vin | omwenge gw'emizabbibu /omweŋɡe ɡwemizabːibu/ | wayini /wajini/ | eviini /eviːni/ | eviini /eviːni/ | viino /viːno/ | viino /viːno/ | idivai /idivai/ |
| Riz | omutyele /omutjele/ | omuceere /omutʃeːre/ | — | — | omukyeeri /omukjeːri/ | omukyeeri /omutʃeːri/ | omucheele /omutʃeːle/ |
| Fer | ekyuma /ekjuma/ | ekyuma /eˈtʃuːma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | obutare /obutare/ | eshibia /eʃibia/ |
| Roue | enkede /eŋkede/ | nnamuziga /nːamuˈziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | omukurutumu /omukurutumu/ |
| Soie | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | riiri /riːri/ | riiri /riːri/ | — |
| Livre | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | eshitabu /eʃitabu/ |
| Manger | kulya /kulja/ | okulya /okulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kurja/ | khulia /kʰulia/ |
| Boire | kunhwa /kuɲʷa/ | okunywa /okuɲʷa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ |
| Dormir | kutenduka /kutenduka/ | okwebaka /okweβaka/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kuβjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | khukona /kʰukona/ |
| Un | ndala /ndala/ | emu /emu/ | emu /emu/ | emu /emu/ | emwe /emwe/ | rumwe /rumwe/ | ndala /ndala/ |
| Deux | ibiri /ibiri/ | bbiri /bːiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | tsibili /tsibili/ |
| Trois | isatu /isatu/ | ssatu /sːatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | isatu /iːsatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | tsitaru /tsitaru/ |
| Quatre | ina /ina/ | nnya /ɲːa/ | ina /ina/ | ina /iːna/ | eina /eina/ | ina /ina/ | tsine /tsine/ |
| Cinq | itaanu /iˈtaːnu/ | ttaano /tːaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | tsirano /tsirano/ |
| Cent | kikumi /kikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | emia /emia/ |
| Bonjour | mwaakire /mwaːkire/ | oli otya /oli otja/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | oraire /oraire/ | mulembe /mulembe/ |
| Merci | weebale /weːbale/ | webale /weːbale/ | webale /webale/ | webale /webale/ | webare /webare/ | webare /webare/ | orio /orio/ |
| Bon | bulungi /buluŋɡi/ | kirungi /tʃiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | malayi /malaji/ |
| Nouveau | iyaka /ijaka/ | mpya /mpja/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | ekisya /etʃisja/ | eshiyia /eʃijia/ |
| Rouge | myufu /mjufu/ | myufu /mjufu/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kumafu /kumafu/ |
| Blanc | ndheru /nd̪eru/ | eru /eːru/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | eshilafu /eʃilafu/ |
| Noir | ndhirugavu /nd̪iruɡavu/ | ddugavu /dduɡavu/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | eshimali /eʃimali/ |
| Bleu | bbululu /bːululu/ | bululu /bululu/ | — | bururu /βururu/ | bururu /bururu/ | — | buluu /buluː/ |
| 99 | kyenda na mwenda /kjenda na mwenda/ | kyenda mu mwenda /tʃenda mu mwenda/ | kyenda na mwenda /tʃenda na mwenda/ | — | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | amakhumi tisa na tisa /amaxumi tisa na tisa/ |
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