Qafaraf
Afar
Afro-asiatique (Couchitique)
L'afar (qafaraf) est la langue des Afars de la Corne de l'Afrique, proche du somali (toutes deux couchitiques orientales). Il présente le système rare au monde dit « nominatif marqué », dans lequel c'est le nominatif qui porte une marque morphologique.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en afar
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Afro-asiatique (Couchitique)
| Sens | Afar | Saho | Somali | Oromo | Konso | Sidamo | Gedeo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | lee /leː/ | laye /laje/ | biyo /bijo/ | bishaan /biʃaːn/ | pisha /piʃa/ | waa /waː/ | wodeʼe /wodeʔe/ |
| Feu | gira /ɡira/ | gira /ɡira/ | dab /dab/ | ibidda /ibidːa/ | apitta /apitːa/ | giira /ɡiːra/ | giira /ɡiːɾa/ |
| Soleil | ayró /ajro/ | ayro /ajɾo/ | qorrax /qorːaħ/ | aduu /aduː/ | piirtuta /piːrtuta/ | arrishsho /arːiʃːo/ | arishsho /ariʃːo/ |
| Lune | alsá /alsa/ | alsa /alsa/ | dayax /dajaħ/ | jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ | leya /leja/ | agana /aɡana/ | agenjo /aɡendʒo/ |
| Étoile | cutuk /ħutuk/ | xutuk /ħutuk/ | xiddig /ħiddiɡ/ | urjii /urdʒiː/ | hikkitta /hikːitːa/ | beeddakko /beːdːakko/ | urje /urdʒe/ |
| Nuit | bar /bar/ | bar /bar/ | habeen /habeːn/ | halkan /halkan/ | halkeetta /halkeːtːa/ | hashsha /haʃːa/ | hashsha /haʃːa/ |
| Pluie | rob /rob/ | rob /rob/ | roob /roːb/ | bokkaa /ˈbokːaː/ | roopa /roːpa/ | xeena /tʼeːna/ | xeena /tʼeːna/ |
| Vent | caacay /ħaːħaj/ | xaaxat /ħaːħat/ | dabayl /ˈdabajl/ | bubbee /ˈbubːeː/ | puppeeta /pupːeːta/ | bubbe /bubːe/ | diidallo /diːdalːo/ |
| Terre | árdi /ardi/ | baarho /baːɽo/ | dhul /ɖul/ | lafa /lafa/ | piita /piːta/ | uulla /uːlla/ | buttina /butːina/ |
| Pierre | xáa /ɖaː/ | dhaa /ɖaː/ | dhagax /ɖaˈɡaħ/ | dhagaa /ɖaˈɡaː/ | daka /ɗaka/ | kincho /kintʃo/ | kinjo /kindʒo/ |
| Montagne | qale /ʕale/ | kooma /koːma/ | buur /buːr/ | tulluu /tulːuː/ | irroota /irːoːta/ | gaara /ɡaːra/ | kooba /koːba/ |
| Mer | bad /bad/ | bad /bad/ | bad /bad/ | galaana /ɡalaːna/ | pakateeta /pakateːta/ | baare /baːre/ | abbaayya /abːaːjːa/ |
| Mère | iná /iˈna/ | ina /ina/ | hooyo /hoːjo/ | haadha /haːɗa/ | aayyaa /aːjːaː/ | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ |
| Père | abbá /abːa/ | abba /abba/ | aabo /aːbo/ | abbaa /abːaː/ | aappaa /aːpːaː/ | anna /anːa/ | anna /anːa/ |
| Fille | baxá /baˈɖa/ | barhä /baˈɽa/ | gabadh /ɡabaɖ/ | intala /intala/ | enenta /enenta/ | beetto /beːtːo/ | belto /belto/ |
| Je | anu /anu/ | anu /anu/ | aniga /aniɡa/ | ani /ani/ | anti /anti/ | ani /ani/ | ani /ani/ |
| Tu | atu /atu/ | atu /atu/ | adiga /adiɡa/ | ati /ati/ | atti /atti/ | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ |
| Nous | nanu /nanu/ | nanu /nanu/ | innaga / annaga /inːaɡa / anːaɡa/ | nuti /nuti/ | ino /ino/ | ninke /ninke/ | noʼo /noʔo/ |
| Nom | migáq /miɡaʕ/ | migac /miɡaʕ/ | magac /maɡaʕ/ | maqaa /makʼaː/ | maxxa /maχːa/ | suʼma /suʔma/ | summa /sumːa/ |
| Personne | núm /num/ | xiyaw /ħijaw/ | qof /qof/ | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ | mancho /mantʃo/ | manjo /mandʒo/ |
| Tête | amó /amo/ | amo /amo/ | madax /madaħ/ | mataa /mataː/ | matta /matːa/ | umo /umo/ | umo /umo/ |
| Œil | intí /inti/ | inti /inti/ | il /il/ | ija /idʒa/ | ilta /ilta/ | ille /ilːe/ | ille /ilːe/ |
| Oreille | ayti /ajti/ | cokka /ʕokka/ | dheg /ɖeɡ/ | gurra /ɡurra/ | napahata /napahata/ | macca /matʃʼːa/ | mansha /manʃa/ |
| Nez | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | funyaan /fuɲaːn/ | sina /sina/ | sano /sano/ | sana /sana/ |
| Bouche | af /af/ | af /af/ | af /af/ | afaan /afaːn/ | afa /afa/ | afo /afo/ | afoʼo /afoʔo/ |
| Dent | boddiná /bodːina/ | iko /iko/ | ilig /iliɡ/ | ilkaan /ilkaːn/ | ilkitta /ilkitːa/ | hinko /hinko/ | isso /isːo/ |
| Langue | arraabá /arːaːba/ | anrab /anrab/ | carrab /ʕarːab/ | arraba /arːaba/ | arrapa /arːapa/ | arrawo /arːawo/ | arrabo /arːabo/ |
| Main | gabá /ɡaba/ | gaba /ɡaba/ | gacan /ɡaʕan/ | harka /haɾka/ | harka /harka/ | anga /anɡa/ | anga /aŋɡa/ |
| Pied | iba /iba/ | iba /iba/ | cago /ʕaɡo/ | miilla /miːlːa/ | loʛta /loʛta/ | lekka /ˈlekːa/ | lekka /lekːa/ |
| Cœur | lubbí /lubːi/ | qalbe /qalbe/ | wadne /wadnɛ/ | onnee /onːeː/ | sataʔta /sataʔta/ | wodana /wodana/ | wodana /wodana/ |
| Os | lafa /lafa/ | lafa /lafa/ | laf /laf/ | lafee /lafeː/ | lafta /lafta/ | miqicho /mikʼitʃo/ | micco /mitʃʼːo/ |
| Sang | qabal /ʕabal/ | biilo /biːlo/ | dhiig /ɖiːɡ/ | dhiiga /ɖiːɡa/ | diika /ɗiːka/ | munde /munde/ | munde /munde/ |
| Caca | caara /ħaːra/ | — | saxaro /saħaro/ | udaan /udaːn/ | utaa /utaː/ | ciilo /tʃʼiːlo/ | cilo /tʃʼilo/ |
| Amour | kacanú /kaħanu/ | kaxano /kaħano/ | jacayl /dʒaʕajl/ | jaalala /dʒaːlala/ | ʄaalaɗiyaa /ʄaːlaɗijaː/ | baxa /batʼa/ | eeyya /eːjːa/ |
| Arbre | caxá /ħaɖa/ | xarha /ħaɽa/ | geed /ɡeːd/ | muka /muka/ | qoyra /ʛojra/ | haqqe /hakʼːe/ | haqqa /hakʼːa/ |
| Chien | kuta /kuta/ | kare /kaɾe/ | eey /eːj/ | saree /saɾeː/ | kuta /kuta/ | woshichcho /woʃitʃːo/ | kaneessa /kaneːsːa/ |
| Chat | dummú /dumːu/ | dummu /dummu/ | bisad /bisad/ | adurree /adurːeː/ | aturraata /aturːaːta/ | basu /basu/ | adurre /aduɾːe/ |
| Poisson | kullúnta /kulːunta/ | caasa /ʕaːsa/ | kalluun /kalːuːn/ | qurxummii /qurxummiː/ | murkuja /murkuʄa/ | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ |
| Oiseau | kimbiró /kimbiro/ | kimbir /kimbir/ | shimbir /ʃimbir/ | simbirroo /simbirroː/ | xampira /χampira/ | ceʼa /tʃʼeʔa/ | ciʼa /tʃʼiʔa/ |
| Papillon | laahintí /laːhinti/ | — | balanbaallis /balanbaːlːis/ | billaacha /bilːaːtʃa/ | — | billaachcha /bilːaːtʃːa/ | — |
| Œuf | naala /naːla/ | lalim /lalim/ | ukun /ukun/ | hanqaaquu /hanqaːquː/ | hukuukka /hukuːkːa/ | quuphichcho /kʼuːpʼːitʃːo/ | quuphe /kʼuːpʼe/ |
| Cheval | faras /faras/ | faras /faras/ | faras /faras/ | farda /farda/ | farta /farta/ | farashsho /faraʃːo/ | fadhado /faɗado/ |
| Maison | qarí /ʕari/ | care /ʕare/ | guri /ɡuɾi/ | mana /mana/ | tika /tika/ | mine /mine/ | mine /mine/ |
| Lait | cán /ħan/ | xan /ħan/ | caano /ʕaːno/ | aannan /aːnːan/ | aanna /aːnːa/ | ado /ado/ | ado /ado/ |
| Miel | malab /malab/ | baska /baska/ | malab /malab/ | damma /damːa/ | takma /takma/ | malawo /malawo/ | malebo /malebo/ |
| Sel | qasbó /ʕasbo/ | mulxu /mulħu/ | cusbo /ʕusbo/ | soogidda /soːɡidːa/ | sookitta /soːkitːa/ | maxine /matʼine/ | maxine /matʼine/ |
| Vin | qinabak bicsen kamri /ʕinabak biħsen kamri/ | wayni /wajni/ | khamri /χamri/ | daadhii wayinii /daːɗiː wajiniː/ | taadeta wayneeta /taːɗeta wajneːta/ | woyinete xajje /wojinete tʼadʒːe/ | woyine /wojine/ |
| Riz | rúddi /rudːi/ | — | bariis /bariːs/ | ruuzii /ruːziː/ | — | ruuze /ruːze/ | — |
| Fer | birta /birta/ | birit /birit/ | bir /bir/ | sibiila /sibiːla/ | sipla /sipla/ | siwiila /siwiːla/ | sibiljo /sibildʒo/ |
| Livre | kitab /kitab/ | kitaab /kitaːb/ | buug /buːɡ/ | kitaaba /kitaːba/ | mataafa /mataːfa/ | maxaafa /matʼaːfa/ | maxaafa /matʼaːfa/ |
| Manger | akmé /akme/ | niitan /niːtan/ | cun /ʕun/ | nyaachuu /ɲaːtʃuː/ | ɗamiyaa /ɗamijaː/ | ita /ita/ | ita /ita/ |
| Boire | ooqobé /oːʕobe/ | yaaqab /jaːʕab/ | cab /ʕab/ | dhuguu /ɗuɡuː/ | ikiyaa /ikijaː/ | aga /aɡa/ | haʼwa /haʔwa/ |
| Dormir | xiiné /ɖiːne/ | dhin /ɖin/ | hurdo /hurdo/ | rafuu /rafuː/ | — | goxa /ɡotʼa/ | diipha /diːpʼa/ |
| Un | iník /inik/ | inki /inki/ | kow /kow/ | tokko /tokːo/ | takka /takːa/ | mitto /mitːo/ | mitto /mitːo/ |
| Deux | nammáy /namːaj/ | lamma /lamma/ | laba /laba/ | lama /lama/ | lakki /lakːi/ | lame /lame/ | lame /lame/ |
| Trois | sidóc /sidoħ/ | adox /adoħ/ | saddex /sadːex/ | sadii /sadiː/ | sessa /sesːa/ | sase /sase/ | sase /sase/ |
| Quatre | ferey /ferej/ | afar /afar/ | afar /afar/ | afur /afur/ | afur /afur/ | shoole /ʃoːle/ | shoole /ʃoːle/ |
| Cinq | konoy /konoj/ | koon /koːn/ | shan /ʃan/ | shan /ʃan/ | ken /ken/ | onte /onte/ | onde /onde/ |
| Cent | bool /boːl/ | bool /boːl/ | boqol /boqol/ | dhibba /ɗibba/ | dippa /ɗipːa/ | xibbe /tʼibːe/ | dhibba /ɗibːa/ |
| Bonjour | nagá /naɡa/ | malaal /malaːl/ | salaan /salaːn/ | akkam /akːam/ | nakayta /nakajta/ | nagaa yiʼne /naɡaː jiʔne/ | mooye /moːje/ |
| Merci | qungúsa /ʕuŋɡusa/ | galatto /ɡalatto/ | mahadsanid /mahadsanid/ | galatoomi /ɡalatoːmi/ | kalata /kalata/ | maganu oohe /maɡanu oːhe/ | galaata /ɡalaːta/ |
| Bon | meqé /meʕe/ | mece /meʕe/ | wanaagsan /wanaːɡsan/ | gaarii /ɡaːriː/ | paxaara /paχaːra/ | dancha /dantʃa/ | elo /elo/ |
| Nouveau | qusbá /ʕusba/ | cusub /ʕusub/ | cusub /ʕusub/ | haaraa /haːraː/ | haraya /haraja/ | haaro /haːro/ | haaro /haːro/ |
| Rouge | qasá /ʕasa/ | casa /ʕasa/ | cas /ʕas/ | diimaa /diːmaː/ | tiima /tiːma/ | duume /duːme/ | diimmo /diːmːo/ |
| Blanc | qado /ʕado/ | cado /ʕado/ | cad /ʕad/ | adii /adiː/ | ata /ata/ | waajjo /waːdʒːo/ | golalo /ɡolalo/ |
| Noir | datá /data/ | dat /dat/ | madow /madow/ | gurraacha /ɡurːaːtʃaː/ | poora /poːra/ | kolishsho /koliʃːo/ | xillo /tʼilːo/ |
| Vert | anxaxiní /anɖaɖini/ | andharh /anɖaɽ/ | cagaar /ʕaɡaːr/ | magariisa /maɡariːsa/ | ilaawa /ilaːwa/ | hanja /handʒa/ | haanja /haːndʒa/ |
| Bleu | kucliní /kuħlini/ | — | buluug /buˈluːɡ/ | cuquliisa /tʃukʼuliːsa/ | — | — | — |
| Thé | shaahí /ʃaːhi/ | — | shaah /ʃaːh/ | shaayii /ʃaːjiː/ | — | shae /ʃae/ | — |
| Café | buna /buna/ | qaxwa /qaħwa/ | qaxwo /qaħwo/ | buna /buna/ | punitta /punitːa/ | buna /buna/ | — |
| Sucre | sokkár /sokːar/ | — | sonkor /sonkor/ | sukkaara /sukːaːra/ | — | sukkaare /sukːaːre/ | — |
| Orange | burtukán /burtukan/ | — | liin /liːn/ | birtukaanii /birtukaːniː/ | — | burtukaane /burtukaːne/ | — |
| 99 | sagla taban kee sagaal /saɡla taban keː saɡaːl/ | — | sagaal iyo sagaashan /saˈɡaːl ijo saɡaːˈʃan/ | sagaltamii sagal /saɡaltamiː saɡal/ | — | honsayina honse /honsajina honse/ | sallane tommenna sallane /salːane tomːenːa salːane/ |
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