Elomwe
Lomwé
Famille atlantico-congolaise (branche bantoue, makua-lomwe)
Le lomwe (elomwe au Mozambique, cilomwe au Malawi) est une langue bantoue du groupe makua-lomwe (P30), étroitement apparentée au makhuwa (vmw). Les Lomwe du sud du Malawi descendent de migrants mozambicains qui fuirent le travail forcé dans les plantations portugaises à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècle. Malgré son grand nombre de locuteurs, le lomwe ne bénéficie d'aucune reconnaissance officielle dans l'un ou l'autre pays; l'orthographe NELIMO (Núcleo de Estudo de Línguas Moçambicanas, 1989) est le standard mozambicain.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en lomwé
xokolate
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Famille atlantico-congolaise (branche bantoue, makua-lomwe)
| Sens | Lomwé | Makhuwa | Sena | Chichewa | Rwa | Shambala | Yao |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | mahi /mahi/ | maasi /maːsi/ | madzi /madzi/ | madzi /madzi/ | mura /muɾa/ | mazi /mazi/ | meesi /meːsi/ |
| Feu | moro /moɾo/ | moro /moɾo/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | muro /muɾo/ | moto /moto/ | mooto /moːto/ |
| Soleil | nsuwa /nsuwa/ | nsuwa /nsuwa/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | saa /saː/ | zuwa /zuwa/ | lyuŵa /ʎuβa/ |
| Lune | mweri /mweɾi/ | mweeri /mweːɾi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwiri /mwiɾi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ | lwesi /lwesi/ |
| Étoile | etheneri /etʰeneɾi/ | enettha /enetʰːa/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyinyiri /ɲiɲiɾi/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ | ndondwa /ndondwa/ |
| Nuit | ohiyu /ohiju/ | ohiyu /ohiju/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | kio /kio/ | kilo /kilo/ | chilo /tʃilo/ |
| Pluie | epula /epula/ | epula /epula/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | fua /fua/ | fula /fula/ | ula /ula/ |
| Neige | mucharapo /mutʃʰaɾapo/ | nxotte /nʃotːe/ | neve /neve/ | chipale chofewa /tʃipale tʃofewa/ | mboṛongo /mboɾoŋɡo/ | — | — |
| Vent | echeku /etʃʰeku/ | epheyo /epʰejo/ | mphepo /mpʰepo/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mburaato /mbuɾaːto/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mbungo /mbuŋɡo/ |
| Terre | echaya /etʃʰaja/ | etthaya /etʰːaja/ | mataka /mataka/ | dothi /ˈdotʰi/ | uteri /uteɾi/ | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ | litaka /litaka/ |
| Pierre | nluku /nluku/ | nluku /nluku/ | mwala /mwala/ | mwala /ˈmwala/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | liganga /liɡaŋɡa/ |
| Montagne | mwaako /mwaːko/ | mwaako /mwaːko/ | phiri /pʰiri/ | phiri /ˈpʰiɾi/ | uro /uɾo/ | muima /muima/ | chitumbi /tʃitumbi/ |
| Mer | ephareya /epʰaɾeja/ | ephareya /epʰaɾeja/ | bara /bara/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | nruva /nɾuva/ | bahali /bahali/ | bahali /bahali/ |
| Mère | amai /amai/ | maama /maːma/ | mai /mai/ | amayi /amaji/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | amao /amao/ |
| Père | atithi /atitʰi/ | paapa /paːpa/ | baba /baba/ | abambo /abambo/ | baba /baba/ | tate /tate/ | atati /atati/ |
| Fille | mwana mwa muthiana /mwana mwa mutʰiana/ | mwaana mwa muthiyana /mwaːna mwa mutʰijana/ | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ | mwana wamkazi /mwana wamkazi/ | mwana wa kika /mwana wa kika/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ | mwali /mwali/ |
| Je | miyo /mijo/ | miyo /mijo/ | ine /ine/ | ine /ine/ | inyi /iɲi/ | imi /imi/ | une /une/ |
| Tu | weyo /wejo/ | weyo /wejo/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ugwe /uɡwe/ |
| Nous | hiyo /hijo/ | hiyo /hijo/ | ife /ife/ | ife /ife/ | ise /ise/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ | uwe /uwe/ |
| Nom | nsina /nsina/ | nsina /nsina/ | dzina /dzina/ | dzina /dzina/ | irina /irina/ | zina /zina/ | liina /liːna/ |
| Personne | muchu /mutʃʰu/ | mutthu /mutʰːu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | nndu /ndu/ | mntu /mntu/ | mundu /mundu/ |
| Tête | muru /muɾu/ | muru /muɾu/ | nsolo /nsolo/ | mutu /mutu/ | nrwe /nɾwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | ntwe /ntwe/ |
| Œil | nitho /nitʰo/ | niitho /niːtʰo/ | diso /diso/ | diso /diso/ | iriso /iɾiso/ | zisho /ziʃo/ | liso /liso/ |
| Oreille | naaru /naːɾu/ | niyaru /nijaɾu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | kuri /kuɾi/ | shikio /ʃikio/ | liwiwi /liwiwi/ |
| Nez | ephula /epʰula/ | ephula /epʰula/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | mphuno /mˈpʰuno/ | — | mpua /mpua/ | lupula /lupula/ |
| Bouche | mwano /mwano/ | eyano /ejano/ | nkanwa /nkanwa/ | kamwa /ˈkamʷa/ | kana /kana/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | kang'wa /kaŋwa/ |
| Dent | nino /nino/ | nino /nino/ | dzino /dzino/ | dzino /dzino/ | iyoo /ijoː/ | zino /zino/ | liino /liːno/ |
| Langue | nlumi /nlumi/ | nlumi /nlumi/ | lirimi /lirimi/ | lilime /lilime/ | ulumi /ulumi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Main | ntata /ntata/ | ntata /ntata/ | nkono /nkono/ | dzanja /dzandʒa/ | uko /uko/ | mkono /mkono/ | nkono /nkono/ |
| Pied | nnani /nnani/ | mwetto /mwetːo/ | mwendo /mwendo/ | phazi /ˈpʰazí/ | urende /uɾende/ | mulundi /mulundi/ | lukongolo /lukoŋɡolo/ |
| Cœur | murima /muɾima/ | murima /muɾima/ | ntima /ntima/ | mtima /mtima/ | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | moyo /mojo/ | ntima /ntima/ |
| Os | nikhuwa /nikʰuwa/ | nikhuva /nikʰuva/ | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ | fupa /fupa/ | ifua /ifua/ | vuha /vuha/ | liupa /liupa/ |
| Sang | ephome /epʰome/ | ephome /epʰome/ | malopa /malopa/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | usao /usao/ | mpome /mpome/ | miasi /miasi/ |
| Caca | mari /maɾi/ | mavi /mavi/ | matubzwi /matubzwi/ | matuvi /matuvi/ | — | mavi /mavi/ | manyi /maɲi/ |
| Amour | osivela /osivela/ | ophenta /opʰenta/ | kufuna /kufuna/ | chikondi /tʃikondi/ | ikunda /ikunda/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | unonyelo /unoɲelo/ |
| Arbre | mwiri /mwiɾi/ | mwiri /mwiɾi/ | muti /muti/ | mtengo /mteŋɡo/ | nri /nɾi/ | mti /mti/ | chitela /tʃitela/ |
| Chien | nampwe /nampwe/ | mwalapwa /mwalapwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | galu /ɡalu/ | mboha /mboha/ | kuli /kuli/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Chat | paka /paka/ | paaka /paːka/ | paka /paka/ | mphaka /mpʰaka/ | paka /paka/ | nyau /ɲau/ | paka /paka/ |
| Poisson | ehopa /ehopa/ | ehopa /ehopa/ | omba /omba/ | nsomba /nsomba/ | ikunga /ikuŋɡa/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /somba/ |
| Oiseau | epalame /epalame/ | mwaanuni /mwaːnuni/ | mbalame /mbalame/ | mbalame /mɓaˈlame/ | ndee /ndeː/ | deghe /deɣe/ | chijuni /tʃidʒuni/ |
| Papillon | nikurunthu /nikuɾuntʰu/ | nikuruthu /nikuɾutʰu/ | bemberuwa /bemberuwa/ | gulugufe /ɡuluˈɡufe/ | — | hoho /hoho/ | chipuluputwa /tʃipuluputwa/ |
| Œuf | nooce /noːtʃe/ | nooce /noːtʃe/ | dzai /dzai/ | dzira /dzira/ | ngosho /ŋɡoʃo/ | tagi /taɡi/ | lindanda /lindanda/ |
| Ours | ursu /uɾsu/ | ursu /uɾsu/ | urusu /urusu/ | — | — | — | dubu /dubu/ |
| Cheval | kavalo /kavalo/ | ekhavalo /ekʰavalo/ | kavalo /kavalo/ | hatchi /hatʃʰi/ | farasi /faɾasi/ | faashi /faːʃi/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| Maison | empa /empa/ | empa /empa/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyuumba /ɲuːmba/ |
| Lait | eleiti /eleiti/ | eleeti /eleːti/ | nkaka /nkaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | maruva /maɾuva/ | mele /mele/ | maŵele /maβele/ |
| Miel | enuwi /enuwi/ | oravo /oɾavo/ | uci /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uki /uki/ | woki /woki/ | uchi /utʃi/ |
| Sel | mwapa /mwapa/ | maakha /maːkʰa/ | munyu /muɲu/ | mchere /mtʃere/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | njete /ndʒete/ |
| Vin | eviinyu /eviːɲu/ | eviinyu /eviːɲu/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | mfinyo /mfiɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ |
| Riz | musoro /musoɾo/ | nzoro /nzoɾo/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | — | muhunga /muhuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ |
| Chocolat | xokolate | xokolaati | xokolati /ʃokolati/ | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | — | — | chokoleti |
| Fer | muthipo /mutʰipo/ | eyuuma /ejuːma/ | utale /utale/ | chitsulo /tʃiˈtsulo/ | minya /miɲa/ | kiama /kiama/ | chisyano /tʃisjano/ |
| Livre | liivuru /liːvuɾu/ | eliivuru /eliːvuɾu/ | bukhu /bukʰu/ | buku /ˈbuku/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ |
| Manger | olya /oʎa/ | olya /olja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudja/ | ilya /ilja/ | kuja /kuɟa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Boire | owurya /owuɾja/ | owurya /owuɾja/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | inwa /inwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ |
| Dormir | orupa /oɾupa/ | orupa /oˈɾupa/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | — | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ | kugona /kuɡona/ |
| Un | mosaa /mosaː/ | mosa /mosa/ | posi /posi/ | chimodzi /tʃimodzi/ | mongo /moŋɡo/ | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ | mo /mo/ |
| Deux | pili /pili/ | piili /piːli/ | piŵiri /piwiri/ | awiri /awiri/ | fivili /fivili/ | mbili /mbili/ | iŵili /iβili/ |
| Trois | tharu /tʰaru/ | tharu /tʰaru/ | pitatu /pitatu/ | zitatu /zitatu/ | firaru /fiɾaɾu/ | katatu /katatu/ | sitatu /sitatu/ |
| Quatre | xexe /ʃeʃe/ | xexe /ʃeʃe/ | pinai /pinai/ | zinayi /zinaji/ | fiini /fiːni/ | kane /kaːne/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ |
| Cinq | thanu /tʰanu/ | thanu /tʰanu/ | xanu /ʃanu/ | sanu /sanu/ | firaanu /fiɾaːnu/ | kashano /kaʃano/ | nsano /nsano/ |
| Cent | nsana /nsana/ | emiya /emija/ | dzana /dzana/ | zana /zana/ | iyana /ijana/ | gana /ɡana/ | mia /mia/ |
| Bonjour | salama /salama/ | salaama /salaːma/ | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ | moni /moni/ | kira /kiɾa/ | — /—/ | salama /salama/ |
| Merci | ekoshelele /ekoʃelele/ | kosheni /koʃeni/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | zikomo /zikomo/ | asante /asante/ | asante /asante/ | — /—/ |
| Bon | orera /oɾeɾa/ | ratteene /ɾatːeːne/ | nadidi /nadidi/ | chabwino /tʃabwino/ | kya /kja/ | mtana /mtana/ | chambone /tʃambone/ |
| Nouveau | evyaani /evjaːni/ | esya /esja/ | ipsa /ipsa/ | chatsopano /tʃatsopano/ | shiiya /ʃiːja/ | mpya /mpja/ | jasambano /dʒasambano/ |
| Rouge | fila /fila/ | thiru /tʰiru/ | funga /funɡa/ | chofiira /tʃofiːra/ | itondoṛie /itondoɾie/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | chechejeu /tʃetʃedʒeu/ |
| Blanc | weela /weːla/ | otteela /otːeːla/ | cena /tʃena/ | yoyera /joˈjeɾa/ | sheelwa /ʃeːlwa/ | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ | cheswela /tʃeswela/ |
| Noir | ooripa /oːɾipa/ | oriipa /oɾiːpa/ | psipa /psipa/ | chakuda /tʃakuda/ | shuu /ʃuː/ | size /size/ | chepiliu /tʃepiliu/ |
| Vert | ntikwa /ntikwa/ | ekori ya mathapa /ekoɾi ja matʰapa/ | — | wobiriwira /wobiriwira/ | — | manimani /manimani/ | — |
| Bleu | kirim /kiɾim/ | — | — | wobiriwira /wobiriwira/ | — | — | buluwu /buluwu/ |
| Ordinateur | komputatore /komputatoɾe/ | komputatore /komputatoɾe/ | komputadhori | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — | — | kompyuta /kompjuta/ |
| Thé | chaaya /tʃʰaːja/ | exa /eʃa/ | xaya /ʃaja/ | tiyi /ˈtiji/ | — | — | tiyi /tiji/ |
| Café | cafee /tʃafeː/ | ekafe /ekafe/ | kafe /kafe/ | kofi /kofi/ | — | — | kofi /kofi/ |
| Orange | nrarance /nɾaɾantʃe/ | erarance /eɾaɾantʃe/ | laranja /larandʒa/ | lalanje /lalandʒe/ | — | — | mlalanje /mlalandʒe/ |
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