Cisena
Sena
Famille atlantico-congolaise (branche bantoue, senga-sena)
Le sena (Cisena) est une langue bantoue du centre du Mozambique et du sud du Malawi, ancrée sur le bas-Zambèze autour de Beira et Tete. Étroitement apparentée au nyanja/chichewa (ny) et au tumbuka (tum) au sein du groupe bantou oriental N. Le foyer historique de l'identité sena est la basse vallée du Zambèze, où elle fut une langue commerciale importante sous le système colonial portugais des Prazos (XVIe-XIXe s.). Les publications diocésaines en sena (catholiques, depuis le XIXe siècle) et la radio mozambicaine active la maintiennent vivante.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en sena
komputadhori
Sources
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Famille atlantico-congolaise (branche bantoue, senga-sena)
| Sens | Sena | Chichewa | Tumbuka | Manyika | Shona | Ndau | Asu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | madzi /madzi/ | madzi /madzi/ | maji /madʒi/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | mende /mende/ |
| Feu | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | muriro /muɾiɾo/ | mshika /mʃika/ |
| Soleil | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | zuŵa /zuβa/ | zuva /zuva/ | zuva /zuva/ | zuva /zuva/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ |
| Lune | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ |
| Étoile | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ |
| Nuit | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ |
| Pluie | mvura /mvura/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | vula /ˈvula/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvua /mvua/ |
| Neige | neve /neve/ | chipale chofewa /tʃipale tʃofewa/ | chiwuvi /tʃiwuvi/ | — | sinoo /sinoː/ | chando /tʃando/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ |
| Vent | mphepo /mpʰepo/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mhepo /mʰepo/ | mhepo /ˈmʱepo/ | mhepo /mʰepo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ |
| Terre | mataka /mataka/ | dothi /ˈdotʰi/ | dongo /doŋɡo/ | ivhu /iβu/ | ivhu /iβu/ | ivhu /ivu/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ |
| Pierre | mwala /mwala/ | mwala /ˈmwala/ | libwe /liˈɓwe/ | ibwe /iɓwe/ | ibwe /iˈɓwe/ | buwe /buwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ |
| Montagne | phiri /pʰiri/ | phiri /ˈpʰiɾi/ | phiri /pʰiɾi/ | gomo /ɡomo/ | gomo /ˈɡomo/ | mutunhu /mutunʰu/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ |
| Mer | bara /bara/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ | ruandhle /ruandɮe/ | bahari /bahari/ |
| Mère | mai /mai/ | amayi /amaji/ | amama /amama/ | amai /amai/ | amai /amai/ | amai /amai/ | mama /mama/ |
| Père | baba /baba/ | abambo /abambo/ | adada /adada/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ |
| Fille | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ | mwana wamkazi /mwana wamkazi/ | mwana msungwana /mwana msuŋɡwana/ | mukunda /mukunda/ | mwanasikana /mwanasikana/ | mwanasikana /mwanasikana/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ |
| Je | ine /ine/ | ine /ine/ | ine /ine/ | ini /ini/ | ini /ini/ | ini /ini/ | mine /mine/ |
| Tu | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | uwe /uwe/ |
| Nous | ife /ife/ | ife /ife/ | ise /ise/ | isu /isu/ | isu /isu/ | isusu /isusu/ | uswi /uswi/ |
| Nom | dzina /dzina/ | dzina /dzina/ | zina /zina/ | zita /zita/ | zita /zita/ | zina /zina/ | izina /izina/ |
| Personne | munthu /muntʰu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | munhu /muˈnʱu/ | munhu /munʰu/ | mntu /mntu/ |
| Tête | nsolo /nsolo/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutu /mutu/ | musoro /musoro/ | musoro /musoro/ | soro /soro/ | mtwi /mtwi/ |
| Œil | diso /diso/ | diso /diso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | ziso /ziso/ | ziso /ziso/ | dziso /dziso/ | iiso /iːso/ |
| Oreille | khutu /kʰutu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | nzeve /nzeve/ | nzeve /nzeβe/ | nzee /nzee/ | isikio /isikio/ |
| Nez | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | mphuno /mˈpʰuno/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | mhino /mʱino/ | mhino /mʱino/ | miro /miro/ | fua /fua/ |
| Bouche | nkanwa /nkanwa/ | kamwa /ˈkamʷa/ | mlomo /m̩lomo/ | muromo /muromo/ | muromo /muˈromo/ | muromo /muromo/ | momo /momo/ |
| Dent | dzino /dzino/ | dzino /dzino/ | jino /dʒino/ | zino /zino/ | zino /zino/ | zino /zino/ | jino /dʒino/ |
| Langue | lirimi /lirimi/ | lilime /lilime/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ | rurumi /ɾuɾumi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ |
| Main | nkono /nkono/ | dzanja /dzandʒa/ | woko /woko/ | ruoko /ɾwoko/ | ruoko /rwoko/ | nyara /ɲara/ | mkono /mkono/ |
| Pied | mwendo /mwendo/ | phazi /ˈpʰazí/ | lundi /lundi/ | — | tsoka /tsoka/ | tsoka /tsoka/ | ivunda /ivunda/ |
| Cœur | ntima /ntima/ | mtima /mtima/ | mtima /m̩tima/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ |
| Os | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ | fupa /fupa/ | chiwangwa /tʃiwaŋɡwa/ | godo /ɡodo/ | pfupa /pfupa/ | godo /ɡodo/ | ivindi /ivindi/ |
| Sang | malopa /malopa/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | ndopa /ndopa/ | ropa /ropa/ | ropa /ropa/ | ngazi /ŋɡazi/ | sakame /sakame/ |
| Caca | matubzwi /matubzwi/ | matuvi /matuvi/ | mavi /mavi/ | tsvina /tsvina/ | tsvina /tsvina/ | matuzvi /matuzvi/ | — |
| Amour | kufuna /kufuna/ | chikondi /tʃikondi/ | kutemwa /kutemwa/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | rudo /rudo/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | lumba /lumba/ |
| Arbre | muti /muti/ | mtengo /mteŋɡo/ | khuni /kʰuni/ | muti /muti/ | muti /muti/ | muti /muti/ | mti /mti/ |
| Chien | mbwa /mbwa/ | galu /ɡalu/ | ncheŵe /ntʃeβe/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Chat | paka /paka/ | mphaka /mpʰaka/ | chona /tʃona/ | katsi /katsi/ | katsi /katsi/ | kiti /kiti/ | paka /paka/ |
| Poisson | omba /omba/ | nsomba /nsomba/ | somba /somba/ | hove /hove/ | hove /hove/ | hove /hove/ | samaki /samaki/ |
| Oiseau | mbalame /mbalame/ | mbalame /mɓaˈlame/ | chiyuni /tʃijuni/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ |
| Papillon | bemberuwa /bemberuwa/ | gulugufe /ɡuluˈɡufe/ | bulawura /bulawuɾa/ | — | shaveshave /ʃaveʃave/ | berepeswa /beɾepeswa/ | — |
| Œuf | dzai /dzai/ | dzira /dzira/ | sumbi /sumbi/ | zai /zai/ | zai /zai/ | zanda /zanda/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Ours | urusu /urusu/ | — | — | — | bheya /bʱeja/ | bheya /bʱeja/ | — |
| Cheval | kavalo /kavalo/ | hatchi /hatʃʰi/ | hachi /hatʃi/ | bhiza /biza/ | bhiza /biza/ | hachi /hatʃi/ | farasi /farasi/ |
| Maison | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | mhatso /mhatso/ | imba /imba/ | mhatso /mʰatso/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Lait | nkaka /nkaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mavee /maveː/ |
| Miel | uci /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | nzoke /nzoke/ |
| Sel | munyu /muɲu/ | mchere /mtʃere/ | mchere /m̩tʃere/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Vin | vinyu /viɲu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | waini /waini/ | waini /waini/ | vhini /vini/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Riz | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | — |
| Chocolat | xokolati /ʃokolati/ | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | — | chokoreti /tʃokoreti/ | — | — |
| Fer | utale /utale/ | chitsulo /tʃiˈtsulo/ | chisulo /tʃiˈsulo/ | simbi /simbi/ | simbi /ˈsimbi/ | simbi /simbi/ | kighera /kiɣera/ |
| Roue | roda /roda/ | gudumu /ɡudumu/ | khwiro /kʰwiro/ | vhiri /βiri/ | vhiri /viri/ | vhiri /viɾi/ | — |
| Soie | seda /seda/ | silika /silika/ | siliki /siliki/ | siriki /siriki/ | sirika /sirika/ | sirika /siɾika/ | hariri /hariri/ |
| Livre | bukhu /bukʰu/ | buku /ˈbuku/ | buku /buku/ | bhuku /buku/ | bhuku /ˈɓuku/ | tsamba /tsamba/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Manger | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kurya /kuɾja/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kurya /kurja/ |
| Boire | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Dormir | kugona /kuɡona/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | rara /ˈraɾa/ | kurara /kuˈrara/ | kuata /kuata/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ |
| Un | posi /posi/ | chimodzi /tʃimodzi/ | chimoza /tʃimoza/ | rimwe /ɾimwe/ | potsi /potsi/ | chimwe /tʃimwe/ | imwe /imwe/ |
| Deux | piŵiri /piwiri/ | awiri /awiri/ | viŵiri /viβiɾi/ | piri /piri/ | piri /piri/ | piri /piɾi/ | avili /aβili/ |
| Trois | pitatu /pitatu/ | zitatu /zitatu/ | vitatu /vitatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | adatu /adatu/ |
| Quatre | pinai /pinai/ | zinayi /zinaji/ | vinayi /vinaji/ | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ | rongomuna /ɾoŋɡomuna/ | — |
| Cinq | xanu /ʃanu/ | sanu /sanu/ | vinkhonde /viŋkʰonde/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | — |
| Cent | dzana /dzana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | ighana /iɣana/ |
| Bonjour | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ | moni /moni/ | monire /moniɾe/ | makadii /makadiː/ | mhoro /mʱoro/ | mhoroi /mʰoɾoji/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ |
| Merci | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | zikomo /zikomo/ | yewo /jewo/ | mazviita /mazviita/ | maita /maita/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ |
| Bon | nadidi /nadidi/ | chabwino /tʃabwino/ | chiweme /tʃiweme/ | kunaka /kunaka/ | chakanaka /tʃakanaka/ | kanaka /kanaka/ | mwamba /mwamba/ |
| Nouveau | ipsa /ipsa/ | chatsopano /tʃatsopano/ | chiphya /tʃipʰja/ | itsva /itsva/ | itsva /itsva/ | tsva /tsva/ | shaa /ʃaː/ |
| Rouge | funga /funɡa/ | chofiira /tʃofiːra/ | swesi /swesi/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | nkundu /nkundu/ |
| Blanc | cena /tʃena/ | yoyera /joˈjeɾa/ | tuŵa /tuβa/ | chena /tʃena/ | chena /tʃena/ | chena /tʃena/ | jewa /dʒewa/ |
| Noir | psipa /psipa/ | chakuda /tʃakuda/ | fipa /fipa/ | tema /tema/ | tema /tema/ | svipa /svipa/ | jiru /dʒiru/ |
| Ordinateur | komputadhori | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — | kombiyuta /kombijuta/ | komputadhori | — |
| Thé | xaya /ʃaja/ | tiyi /ˈtiji/ | tiyi /tiji/ | — | tii /tiː/ | — | — |
| Café | kafe /kafe/ | kofi /kofi/ | khofi /kʰofi/ | — | kofi /kofi/ | khofi /kʰofi/ | — |
| Sucre | xuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | — | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | sikiri /sikiɾi/ | — |
| Orange | laranja /larandʒa/ | lalanje /lalandʒe/ | olenji /olendʒi/ | — | ranjisi /randʒisi/ | — | — |
| 99 | makumapfemba na mapfemba /makumapfemba na mapfemba/ | makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu zisanu ndi zinayi /makumi asanu ndi anaji mpʰambu zisanu ndi zinaji/ | makhumi ghankhonde na ghanayi na vinkhonde na vinayi /makʰumi ɣaŋkʰonde na ɣanaji na viŋkʰonde na vinaji/ | makumi mapfumbamwe namapfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe namapfumbamwe/ | makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe/ | makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ |
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