Kĩkamba
Kamba
atlantique-congo (Bantou, Kamba-Kikuyu)
Le kamba (kĩkamba) est une langue bantoue majeure du Kenya, parlée dans la province de l'Est par environ 4 millions de locuteurs — l'un des cinq plus grands groupes ethnolinguistiques du Kenya, aux côtés du kikuyu, du luhya, du kalenjin et du luo. Étroitement apparenté au kikuyu (E51) au sein du groupe bantou E50 kamba-kikuyu. Le peuple kamba est réputé pour ses sculpteurs sur bois (tradition sculpturale de Wamunyu depuis les années 1920) et fut, au XIXe siècle, un peuple de caravaniers reliant la côte aux Grands Lacs. Orthographe latine élaborée par les missionnaires en 1888 ; utilisée dans l'enseignement primaire et la radiodiffusion sur Musyi FM depuis 2007.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en kamba
chocolate
Wi-Fi
Sources
- Lindblom (1926) — The Akamba in British East Africa
- Ethnologue 27: Kamba
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : atlantique-congo (Bantou, Kamba-Kikuyu)
| Sens | Kamba | Kikuyu | Asu | Nyaturu | Nyamwezi | Runyankole | Shambala |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | kĩwʼũ /kiwu/ | maaĩ /maːe/ | mende /mende/ | maji /madʒi/ | minzi /minzi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | mazi /mazi/ |
| Feu | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | moto /moto/ |
| Soleil | syũa /sjua/ | riũa /ɾioa/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | yura /juɾa/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | zuwa /zuwa/ |
| Lune | mwei /mwei/ | mweri /mwɛɾi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ |
| Étoile | nzaĩ /nzai/ | njata /ɲdʒata/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | njota /ndʒota/ | nsonda /nsonda/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ |
| Nuit | ũtukũ /utuku/ | ũtukũ /otuko/ | usiku /usiku/ | utiku /utiku/ | buziku /buziku/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | kilo /kilo/ |
| Pluie | mbua /ˈmbua/ | mbura /ˈmbura/ | mvua /mvua/ | mbura /mbura/ | mbula /mbula/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | fula /fula/ |
| Neige | ĩa /ĩa/ | ira /ˈiɾa/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ | seluji /seludʒi/ | theluji /θeluʒi/ | — | — |
| Vent | kĩseve /kiseve/ | rũhuho /ɾòhùːhɔ̀/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | mpeho /mpeho/ |
| Terre | muthanga /muθaŋɡa/ | tĩĩri /teːɾi/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ |
| Pierre | ivia /ivia/ | ihiga /iˈhiɣa/ | ibwe /ibwe/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Montagne | kĩĩma /kiːma/ | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | muima /muima/ |
| Mer | ũkanga /ukaŋɡa/ | — | bahari /bahari/ | irambo /iɾambo/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | bahali /bahali/ |
| Mère | mwaitũ /mwaitu/ | maitũ /maito/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mayu /maju/ | maawe /maːwe/ | mama /mama/ |
| Père | asa /asa/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ | tate /tate/ |
| Fille | mwĩĩtu /mwiːtu/ | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ |
| Je | nyie /ɲie/ | niĩ /nie/ | mine /mine/ | une /une/ | nene /ˈnene/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | imi /imi/ |
| Tu | we /we/ | wee /wɛː/ | uwe /uwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Nous | ithye /iðje/ | ithuĩ /iðue/ | uswi /uswi/ | sese /sese/ | iswe /iswe/ | itwe /itwe/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ |
| Nom | ĩsyĩtwa /isʲitwa/ | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ | izina /izina/ | rina /ɾina/ | lina /ˈlina/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | zina /zina/ |
| Personne | mũndũ /mundu/ | mũndũ /mondo/ | mntu /mntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | munhu /munhu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | mntu /mntu/ |
| Tête | mũtwe /mutwe/ | mũtwe /motwɛ/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | itwe /itwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ |
| Œil | ĩtho /iθo/ | riitho /riːðɔ/ | iiso /iːso/ | riho /riho/ | liso /liso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | zisho /ziʃo/ |
| Oreille | kutu /kutu/ | gũtũ /ɣoto/ | isikio /isikio/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | itwi /itwi/ | okutu /okutu/ | shikio /ʃikio/ |
| Nez | inyũũ /iɲuː/ | iniũrũ /inioɾo/ | fua /fua/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | nindo /nindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | mpua /mpua/ |
| Bouche | kanywa /kaɲwa/ | kanua /kaˈnua/ | momo /momo/ | momo /momo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ |
| Dent | ĩyo /ĩjo/ | igego /iɣɛɣɔ/ | jino /dʒino/ | ino /ino/ | lino /lino/ | eriino /eriːno/ | zino /zino/ |
| Langue | ũĩmi /uimi/ | rũrĩmĩ /ɾoɾeme/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ |
| Main | kwʼoko /kwoko/ | guoko /ɡuɔkɔ/ | mkono /mkono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | kukono /kukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | mkono /mkono/ |
| Pied | kũũ /kuː/ | kũgũrũ /koɣoro/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | mulundi /mulundi/ |
| Cœur | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | ngoro /ŋɡɔɾɔ/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | umutima /umutima/ | moyo /mojo/ | omutima /omutima/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| Os | ĩvĩndĩ /ivindi/ | ihĩndĩ /ihende/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | vuha /vuha/ |
| Sang | nthakame /nðakame/ | thakame /ðakamɛ/ | sakame /sakame/ | sakami /sakami/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | mpome /mpome/ |
| Caca | mai /mai/ | mai /mai/ | — | — | maafi /maːfi/ | amazi /amazi/ | mavi /mavi/ |
| Amour | wendo /wendo/ | wendo /wɛndɔ/ | lumba /lumba/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kukunda /kukunda/ |
| Arbre | mũtĩ /muti/ | mũtĩ /mote/ | mti /mti/ | umuti /umuti/ | muti /muti/ | omuti /omuti/ | mti /mti/ |
| Chien | ngitĩ /ŋɡiti/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | kuli /kuli/ |
| Chat | mbaka /mbaka/ | nyaũ /ɲao/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | nyau /ɲau/ |
| Poisson | ikoyo /ikojo/ | thamaki /ðamaki/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /somba/ | somba /soːmba/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | samaki /samaki/ |
| Oiseau | nyunyi /ɲuɲi/ | nyoni /ˈɲɔni/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | noni /noni/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | deghe /deɣe/ |
| Papillon | kĩmbalutwʼa /kimbalutwa/ | kĩĩhuruta /keːhuruːta/ | — | — | — | ekihuguuhugu /ekihuɡuːhuɡu/ | hoho /hoho/ |
| Œuf | itumbi /itumbi/ | itumbĩ /itumbe/ | igi /iɡi/ | ighe /iɣe/ | igi /iɡi/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | tagi /taɡi/ |
| Ours | nduva /nduva/ | nduba /nduba/ | — | — | — | edubu /edubu/ | — |
| Cheval | mbalasi /mbalasi/ | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ | farasi /farasi/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | falasi /falasi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | faashi /faːʃi/ |
| Maison | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyũmba /ɲomba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ | enju /endʒu/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Lait | iia /iːa/ | iria /iria/ | mavee /maveː/ | maya /maja/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ | amate /amate/ | mele /mele/ |
| Miel | ũkĩ /uki/ | ũũkĩ /oːke/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | ruke /ruke/ | buuki /buːki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | woki /woki/ |
| Sel | mũnyũ /muɲu/ | cumbĩ /tʃumbe/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munu /munu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Vin | mbinyu /mbiɲu/ | ndibei /ndibɛi/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | viino /viːno/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Riz | mũsele /musele/ | mũceere /motʃɛːrɛ/ | — | — | — | omukyeeri /omukjeːri/ | muhunga /muhuŋɡa/ |
| Chocolat | chocolate | chocolate | — | — | — | — | — |
| Fer | kyũma /kjuma/ | kĩgera /keˈɣɛra/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | kisinza /kisinza/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | kiama /kiama/ |
| Roue | ndĩa /ndia/ | kĩgaragari /keɣaraɣari/ | — | — | — | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | — |
| Livre | ĩvuku /ivuku/ | ibuku /iβuku/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Manger | kũya /kuja/ | kũrĩa /koɾea/ | kurya /kurja/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kurya /kurja/ | kuja /kuɟa/ |
| Boire | kũnywa /kuɲwa/ | kũnyua /koɲua/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Dormir | koma /koma/ | gũkoma /ɣoˈkɔma/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kulala /kulala/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ |
| Un | ĩmwe /imwe/ | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ | imwe /imwe/ | umwe /umwe/ | imo /imo/ | emwe /emwe/ | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ |
| Deux | ilĩ /ili/ | igĩrĩ /iɣeɾe/ | avili /aβili/ | aviri /aβiri/ | ibili /iβili/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | mbili /mbili/ |
| Trois | itatu /itatu/ | ithatũ /iðato/ | adatu /adatu/ | itatu /itatu/ | idatu /idatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | katatu /katatu/ |
| Quatre | inya /iɲa/ | inya /iɲa/ | — | inne /inːe/ | inne /inːe/ | eina /eina/ | kane /kaːne/ |
| Cinq | itano /itano/ | ithano /iðanɔ/ | — | itano /itano/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | kashano /kaʃano/ |
| Cent | ĩana /iana/ | igana /iɣana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | gana /ɡana/ |
| Bonjour | mwĩaĩle /mwiaile/ | wĩmwega /wemwɛɡa/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | mwadita /mwadita/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | — /—/ |
| Merci | nĩ vinya /ni viɲa/ | nĩ wega /ne wɛɡa/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | asante /aˈsante/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | webare /webare/ | asante /asante/ |
| Bon | museo /museo/ | wega /wɛɡa/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | kihi /kihi/ | soga /soɡa/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | mtana /mtana/ |
| Nouveau | mweũ /mweu/ | kĩerũ /keɛro/ | shaa /ʃaː/ | mpya /mpja/ | pya /pja/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | mpya /mpja/ |
| Rouge | ndune /nduneː/ | ũtune /otunɛ/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | ntune /ntune/ | laluku /laluku/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | nkundu /nkundu/ |
| Blanc | nzaũ /nzau/ | werũ /wɛro/ | jewa /dʒewa/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | pe /pe/ | kwera /kwera/ | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ |
| Noir | nziũ /nziu/ | ũirũ /oiro/ | jiru /dʒiru/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | pi /pi/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | size /size/ |
| Vert | ngilini /ŋɡilini/ | ngirini /ŋɡirini/ | — | — | — | kibabi /kibabi/ | manimani /manimani/ |
| Bleu | mbuluu /mbuluː/ | bururu /bururu/ | — | — | bululu /bululu/ | bururu /bururu/ | — |
| Ordinateur | kombiũta /kombiuta/ | kompiuta /kɔmpiuta/ | — | — | — | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — |
| Wifi | Wi-Fi | Wi-Fi | — | — | — | — | — |
| Thé | kyai /kjai/ | cai /tʃaːi/ | — | — | — | chai /tʃai/ | — |
| Café | kaawa /kaːwa/ | kahũa /kahowa/ | — | — | — | kaawa /kaːwa/ | — |
| Sucre | sukalĩ /sukali/ | cukari /tʃukaːɾi/ | — | — | — | shukaari /ʃukaːri/ | — |
| Orange | ĩsungwa /isuŋɡwa/ | icungwa /itʃuŋɡwa/ | — | — | — | omucungwa /omutʃuŋɡwa/ | — |
| 99 | mĩongo kenda na kenda /mioŋɡo kenda na kenda/ | mĩrongo kenda na kenda /meɾɔŋɡɔ kɛnda na kɛnda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | milongo kenda na kenda /miloŋɡo keːnda na keːnda/ |
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