Gĩkũyũ
Kikuyu
atlantique-congo (Bantou)
Le kikuyu (gĩkũyũ) est la plus grande langue bantoue du Kenya, avec aire native autour du mont Kenya. Il possède un système à sept voyelles avec opposition ATR ; les formes non-ATR s'écrivent avec un tilde (ĩ, ũ).
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en kikuyu
chocolate
Wi-Fi
Sources
- Benson, T. G. 1964. Kikuyu-English Dictionary (Oxford), cited through en.wiktionary Kikuyu lemmas (IPA with tones: nyoni, thakame, ihĩndĩ, ibuku, kĩĩhuruta, kahũa, mwarĩ, ngui, tĩĩri, itumbĩ, riitho, mwaki, thamaki, kũgũrũ, guoko, mũtwe, ngoro, ũũkĩ, mbarathi, nyũmba, kĩgera, wendo, iria, mweri, kĩrĩma, kanua, rĩĩtwa, ũtukũ, mũndũ, mai, mbura, ũtune, mũceere, cumbĩ, njata, ihiga, cukari, nĩ wega, igego, mũtĩ, werũ 'whiteness'); Kiugo Gĩtheru Kĩa Ngai (GKY, bible.com 1622; the round-58 fish source)
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : atlantique-congo (Bantou)
| Sens | Kikuyu | Embu | Méru | Kamba | Runyankole | Nyaturu | Asu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | maaĩ /maːe/ | manjĩ /maɲdʒe/ | rũũjĩ /ɾoːdʒe/ | kĩwʼũ /kiwu/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | maji /madʒi/ | mende /mende/ |
| Feu | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwanki /mwaŋki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | moto /moto/ | mshika /mʃika/ |
| Soleil | riũa /ɾioa/ | riũa /ɾioa/ | riũa /ɾioa/ | syũa /sjua/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | yura /juɾa/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ |
| Lune | mweri /mwɛɾi/ | mweri /mwɛɾi/ | mweri /mwɛɾi/ | mwei /mwei/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ |
| Étoile | njata /ɲdʒata/ | njata /ɲdʒata/ | njota /ndʒɔta/ | nzaĩ /nzai/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | njota /ndʒota/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ |
| Nuit | ũtukũ /otuko/ | ũtukũ /otuko/ | ũtukũ /otuko/ | ũtukũ /utuku/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | utiku /utiku/ | usiku /usiku/ |
| Pluie | mbura /ˈmbura/ | mbura /mbura/ | ngai /ŋɡai/ | mbua /ˈmbua/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | mbura /mbura/ | mvua /mvua/ |
| Neige | ira /ˈiɾa/ | ĩra /eɾa/ | nkamia /ŋkamia/ | ĩa /ĩa/ | — | seluji /seludʒi/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ |
| Vent | rũhuho /ɾòhùːhɔ̀/ | rũkũngi /ɾokoŋɡi/ | ruuo /ɾuːɔ/ | kĩseve /kiseve/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ |
| Terre | tĩĩri /teːɾi/ | mũthetu /moðɛtu/ | mũthetu /moðɛtu/ | muthanga /muθaŋɡa/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ |
| Pierre | ihiga /iˈhiɣa/ | ĩthiga /eðiɡa/ | iiga /iːɡa/ | ivia /ivia/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ |
| Montagne | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ | kĩĩma /kiːma/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ |
| Mère | maitũ /maito/ | nyanya /ɲaɲa/ | mami /mami/ | mwaitũ /mwaitu/ | maawe /maːwe/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ |
| Père | baba /baba/ | vava /βaβa/ | baaba /baːba/ | asa /asa/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ |
| Fille | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ | mwĩĩtu /mwiːtu/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ |
| Je | niĩ /nie/ | nie /niɛ/ | ni /ni/ | nyie /ɲie/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | une /une/ | mine /mine/ |
| Tu | wee /wɛː/ | we /wɛ/ | gwe /ɡwɛ/ | we /we/ | iwe /iwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | uwe /uwe/ |
| Nous | ithuĩ /iðue/ | tue /tuɛ/ | tuĩ /tue/ | ithye /iðje/ | itwe /itwe/ | sese /sese/ | uswi /uswi/ |
| Nom | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ | ĩsyĩtwa /isʲitwa/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | rina /ɾina/ | izina /izina/ |
| Personne | mũndũ /mondo/ | mũndũ /mondo/ | muntũ /munto/ | mũndũ /mundu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mntu /mntu/ |
| Tête | mũtwe /motwɛ/ | kĩongo /keɔŋɡɔ/ | mũtwe /motwɛ/ | mũtwe /mutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ |
| Œil | riitho /riːðɔ/ | riitho /ɾiːðɔ/ | riitho /ɾiːðɔ/ | ĩtho /iθo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | riho /riho/ | iiso /iːso/ |
| Oreille | gũtũ /ɣoto/ | gũtũ /ɡoto/ | gũtũ /ɡoto/ | kutu /kutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | isikio /isikio/ |
| Nez | iniũrũ /inioɾo/ | ĩniũrũ /enioɾo/ | nyiũrũ /ɲioɾo/ | inyũũ /iɲuː/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | fua /fua/ |
| Bouche | kanua /kaˈnua/ | kanyua /kaɲua/ | kanyua /kaɲua/ | kanywa /kaɲwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | momo /momo/ | momo /momo/ |
| Dent | igego /iɣɛɣɔ/ | ĩgego /eɡɛɡɔ/ | ĩĩgo /eːɡɔ/ | ĩyo /ĩjo/ | eriino /eriːno/ | ino /ino/ | jino /dʒino/ |
| Langue | rũrĩmĩ /ɾoɾeme/ | rũrĩmĩ /roɾeme/ | rũũme /ɾoːmɛ/ | ũĩmi /uimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ |
| Main | guoko /ɡuɔkɔ/ | kĩvoko /keβɔkɔ/ | njara /ndʒaɾa/ | kwʼoko /kwoko/ | omukono /omukono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | mkono /mkono/ |
| Pied | kũgũrũ /koɣoro/ | kũgũrũ /koɡoro/ | kũgũrũ /koɡoɾo/ | kũũ /kuː/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | ivunda /ivunda/ |
| Cœur | ngoro /ŋɡɔɾɔ/ | ngoro /ŋɡɔɾɔ/ | nkoro /ŋkɔɾɔ/ | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | omutima /omutima/ | umutima /umutima/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ |
| Os | ihĩndĩ /ihende/ | ĩvĩndĩ /evende/ | mwĩndĩndĩ /mwendende/ | ĩvĩndĩ /ivindi/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | ivindi /ivindi/ |
| Sang | thakame /ðakamɛ/ | nthakame /nðakamɛ/ | tharike /ðaɾikɛ/ | nthakame /nðakame/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | sakami /sakami/ | sakame /sakame/ |
| Caca | mai /mai/ | — | — | mai /mai/ | amazi /amazi/ | — | — |
| Amour | wendo /wɛndɔ/ | wendo /wɛndɔ/ | wendo /wɛndɔ/ | wendo /wendo/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | lumba /lumba/ |
| Arbre | mũtĩ /mote/ | mũtĩ /mote/ | mũtĩ /mote/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | omuti /omuti/ | umuti /umuti/ | mti /mti/ |
| Chien | ngui /ŋɡui/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ | kurũ /kuɾo/ | ngitĩ /ŋɡiti/ | embwa /embwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Chat | nyaũ /ɲao/ | nyau /ɲau/ | nyau /ɲau/ | mbaka /mbaka/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ |
| Poisson | thamaki /ðamaki/ | nthamaki /nðamaki/ | gĩkũyũ /ɡekojo/ | ikoyo /ikojo/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | somba /somba/ | samaki /samaki/ |
| Oiseau | nyoni /ˈɲɔni/ | gĩconi /ɡetʃɔni/ | nyoni /ɲɔni/ | nyunyi /ɲuɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ |
| Papillon | kĩĩhuruta /keːhuruːta/ | — | — | kĩmbalutwʼa /kimbalutwa/ | ekihuguuhugu /ekihuɡuːhuɡu/ | — | — |
| Œuf | itumbĩ /itumbe/ | ĩtumbĩ /etumbe/ | nkara /ŋkaɾa/ | itumbi /itumbi/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | ighe /iɣe/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Ours | nduba /nduba/ | — | — | nduva /nduva/ | edubu /edubu/ | — | — |
| Cheval | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ | mbalasi /mbalasi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | farasi /farasi/ |
| Maison | nyũmba /ɲomba/ | nyomba /ɲɔmba/ | nyomba /ɲɔmba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | enju /endʒu/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Lait | iria /iria/ | ĩriia /eɾiːa/ | ĩria /eɾia/ | iia /iːa/ | amate /amate/ | maya /maja/ | mavee /maveː/ |
| Miel | ũũkĩ /oːke/ | ũũkĩ /oːke/ | nainchũ /naintʃo/ | ũkĩ /uki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | ruke /ruke/ | nzoke /nzoke/ |
| Sel | cumbĩ /tʃumbe/ | cumbĩ /tʃumbe/ | chumbĩ /tʃumbe/ | mũnyũ /muɲu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Vin | ndibei /ndibɛi/ | ndivei /ndiβei/ | ndibei /ndibɛi/ | mbinyu /mbiɲu/ | viino /viːno/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Riz | mũceere /motʃɛːrɛ/ | — | — | mũsele /musele/ | omukyeeri /omukjeːri/ | — | — |
| Chocolat | chocolate | — | — | chocolate | — | — | — |
| Fer | kĩgera /keˈɣɛra/ | cuma /tʃuma/ | chuma /tʃuːma/ | kyũma /kjuma/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | kighera /kiɣera/ |
| Roue | kĩgaragari /keɣaraɣari/ | nthugũ /nðuɡo/ | — | ndĩa /ndia/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | — | — |
| Soie | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | — | riiri /riːri/ | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | hariri /hariri/ |
| Livre | ibuku /iβuku/ | ĩvuku /evuku/ | yuku /juku/ | ĩvuku /ivuku/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Manger | kũrĩa /koɾea/ | kũrĩa /koɾea/ | kũrĩa /koɾea/ | kũya /kuja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kurya /kurja/ |
| Boire | kũnyua /koɲua/ | kũnyua /koɲua/ | kũnyua /koɲua/ | kũnywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Dormir | gũkoma /ɣoˈkɔma/ | kũmama /komama/ | kũmama /komama/ | koma /koma/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ |
| Un | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | emwe /emwe/ | umwe /umwe/ | imwe /imwe/ |
| Deux | igĩrĩ /iɣeɾe/ | igĩrĩ /iɡeɾe/ | ijĩĩrĩ /idʒeːɾe/ | ilĩ /ili/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | aviri /aβiri/ | avili /aβili/ |
| Trois | ithatũ /iðato/ | ithatũ /iðato/ | ithatũ /iðato/ | itatu /itatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | itatu /itatu/ | adatu /adatu/ |
| Quatre | inya /iɲa/ | inya /iɲa/ | inya /iɲa/ | inya /iɲa/ | eina /eina/ | inne /inːe/ | — |
| Cinq | ithano /iðanɔ/ | ithano /iðanɔ/ | ithaano /iðaːnɔ/ | itano /itano/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itano /itano/ | — |
| Cent | igana /iɣana/ | ĩgana /eɡana/ | ĩgana /eɡana/ | ĩana /iana/ | igana /iɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | ighana /iɣana/ |
| Bonjour | wĩmwega /wemwɛɡa/ | wĩ mwaro /we mwaɾɔ/ | muuga /muːɡa/ | mwĩaĩle /mwiaile/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ |
| Merci | nĩ wega /ne wɛɡa/ | — /—/ | nĩ bwega /ne bwɛɡa/ | nĩ vinya /ni viɲa/ | webare /webare/ | asante /aˈsante/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ |
| Bon | wega /wɛɡa/ | mwaro /mwaɾɔ/ | mwega /mwɛɡa/ | museo /museo/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kihi /kihi/ | mwamba /mwamba/ |
| Nouveau | kĩerũ /keɛro/ | gĩcerũ /ɡetʃɛɾo/ | kĩerũ /keɛɾo/ | mweũ /mweu/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | mpya /mpja/ | shaa /ʃaː/ |
| Rouge | ũtune /otunɛ/ | ndune /ndunɛ/ | ntuune /ntuːnɛ/ | ndune /nduneː/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | ntune /ntune/ | nkundu /nkundu/ |
| Blanc | werũ /wɛro/ | njerũ /ndʒɛɾo/ | njerũ /ndʒɛɾo/ | nzaũ /nzau/ | kwera /kwera/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | jewa /dʒewa/ |
| Noir | ũirũ /oiro/ | mbirũ /mbiɾo/ | njirũ /ndʒiɾo/ | nziũ /nziu/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | jiru /dʒiru/ |
| Vert | ngirini /ŋɡirini/ | — | — | ngilini /ŋɡilini/ | kibabi /kibabi/ | — | — |
| Bleu | bururu /bururu/ | vururu /βuɾuɾu/ | — | mbuluu /mbuluː/ | bururu /bururu/ | — | — |
| Ordinateur | kompiuta /kɔmpiuta/ | — | — | kombiũta /kombiuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — | — |
| Wifi | Wi-Fi | — | — | Wi-Fi | — | — | — |
| Thé | cai /tʃaːi/ | — | — | kyai /kjai/ | chai /tʃai/ | — | — |
| Café | kahũa /kahowa/ | — | — | kaawa /kaːwa/ | kaawa /kaːwa/ | — | — |
| Sucre | cukari /tʃukaːɾi/ | — | — | sukalĩ /sukali/ | shukaari /ʃukaːri/ | — | — |
| Orange | icungwa /itʃuŋɡwa/ | — | — | ĩsungwa /isuŋɡwa/ | omucungwa /omutʃuŋɡwa/ | — | — |
| 99 | mĩrongo kenda na kenda /meɾɔŋɡɔ kɛnda na kɛnda/ | — | mĩrongo kenda na kenda /meɾɔŋɡɔ kɛnda na kɛnda/ | mĩongo kenda na kenda /mioŋɡo kenda na kenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ |
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