Oshindonga
Ndonga
atlantique-congo (Bantou, Southwest)
Le ndonga (oshindonga) est l’une des deux principales variétés standard de l’oshiwambo (l’autre étant le kwanyama). Il est plus largement documenté et est enseigné comme langue nationale dans les écoles namibiennes.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en ndonga
oshokolate
o-wifi
Sources
- Ombiimbeli Ondjapuki (Ndonga Bible, bible.com 372); Viljoen, Amakali & Namuandi 1984, Oshindonga/English Dictionary (general reference, not consulted this round); en.wikipedia "Ndonga dialect" (orthography: th /θ/, dh /ð/)
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : atlantique-congo (Bantou, Southwest)
| Sens | Ndonga | Kwanyama | Héréro | Umbundu | Luvale | Runyankole | Luganda |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | omeya /omeja/ | omeva /omeva/ | omeva /omeva/ | ovava /ovava/ | meya /meja/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amazzi /amaːzːi/ |
| Feu | omulilo /omulilo/ | omundilo /omundilo/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | ondalu /ondalu/ | kakahya /kakahja/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuliro /omuliɾo/ |
| Soleil | etango /etaŋɡo/ | etango /etaŋɡo/ | eyuva /ejuva/ | ekumbi /ekumbi/ | likumbi /likumbi/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | enjuba /eɲɟuba/ |
| Lune | omwedhi /omweði/ | omwedi /omwedi/ | omueze /omueze/ | osãi /osãi/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ |
| Étoile | onyothi /oɲoθi/ | onyofi /oɲofi/ | onyose /oˈɲose/ | olumbungululu /olumbuŋɡululu/ | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | emmunyeenye /emːuɲeːɲe/ |
| Nuit | uusiku /uːsiku/ | oufiku /oufiku/ | ouṱuku /outuku/ | uteke /uteke/ | ufuku /ufuku/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ |
| Pluie | omvula /omvula/ | odula /odula/ | ombura /ombura/ | ombela /ombela/ | vula /vula/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enkuba /eŋˈkuba/ |
| Neige | olumi /olumi/ | eandu /eandu/ | ovitutukende /ovitutukende/ | oneve /oneve/ | mbundu /mbundu/ | — | omuzira /omuzira/ |
| Vent | ombepo /ombepo/ | omhepo /om̥epo/ | ombepo /ombepo/ | ofela /ofela/ | peho /peho/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | empewo /empeːwo/ |
| Terre | evi /evi/ | edu /edu/ | ehi /ehi/ | eve /eve/ | mavu /mavu/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | ettaka /ettaka/ |
| Pierre | emanya /emaɲa/ | emanya /emaɲa/ | ewe /ewe/ | ewe /ewe/ | lilolwa /lilolwa/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | ejjinja /edʒːiˈndʒa/ |
| Montagne | ondundu /ondundu/ | omhunda /om̥unda/ | ondundu /ondundu/ | omunda /omunda/ | pili /pili/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | olusozi /olusozi/ |
| Mer | efuta /efuta/ | efuta /efuta/ | okuvare /okuvare/ | okalunga /okaluŋɡa/ | kalungalwiji /kaluŋɡalwidʒi/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | ennyanja /eɲːaɲdʒa/ |
| Mère | meme /meme/ | meme /meme/ | mama /mama/ | inã /inã/ | mama /mama/ | maawe /maːwe/ | maama /maːma/ |
| Père | tate /tate/ | tate /tate/ | tate /tate/ | tate /tate/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | taata /taːta/ |
| Fille | omwana omukadhona /omwana omukaðona/ | omona okakadona /omona okakadona/ | omukazona /omukazona/ | omõla ukãi /omõla ukãi/ | mwana wapwevo /mwana wapwevo/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuwala /omuwala/ |
| Je | ngame /ŋame/ | ame /ame/ | ami /ami/ | ame /ame/ | ami /ami/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nze /nze/ |
| Tu | ngoye /ŋoje/ | ove /ove/ | ove /ove/ | ove /ove/ | ove /ove/ | iwe /iwe/ | ggwe /ɡːwe/ |
| Nous | tse /tse/ | fye /fje/ | eṱe /ete/ | etu /etu/ | etu /etu/ | itwe /itwe/ | ffe /fːe/ |
| Nom | edhina /eðina/ | edina /edina/ | ena /ena/ | onduko /onduko/ | lijina /liˈʒina/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | erinnya /eriɲːa/ |
| Personne | omuntu /omuntu/ | omunhu /omun̥u/ | omundu /omundu/ | omunu /omunu/ | mutu /mutu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ |
| Tête | omutse /omutse/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | otjiuru /otʃiuru/ | utwe /utwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ |
| Œil | eho /eho/ | eisho /eiʃo/ | eho /eho/ | iso /iso/ | liso /liso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriiso /eɾiːso/ |
| Oreille | okutsi /okutsi/ | okutwi /okutwi/ | okutwi /okutwi/ | etwi /etwi/ | litwitwi /litwitwi/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ |
| Nez | eyulu /ejulu/ | edyulu /edjulu/ | eyuru /ejuru/ | enyulu /eɲulu/ | lizulu /lizulu/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | ennyindo /eɲːindo/ |
| Bouche | okana /okana/ | okanya /okaɲa/ | otjinyo /otʃiɲo/ | omẽla /omẽla/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akamwa /akamwa/ |
| Dent | eyego /ejeɡo/ | eyoo /ejoː/ | eyo /ejo/ | eyo /ejo/ | lizo /lizo/ | eriino /eriːno/ | erinnyo /eriɲːo/ |
| Langue | elaka /elaka/ | elaka /elaka/ | eraka /eraka/ | elimi /elimi/ | limi /limi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ |
| Main | oshikaha /oʃikaha/ | eke /eke/ | eke /eke/ | eka /eka/ | livoko /livoko/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ |
| Pied | ompadhi /om̥aði/ | omhadi /om̥adi/ | ombaze /ombaze/ | omai /omai/ | lihinji /lihindʒi/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigere /etʃiɡere/ |
| Cœur | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | utima /utima/ | mutima /mutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ |
| Os | esipa /esipa/ | ekipa /ekipa/ | eṱupa /etupa/ | ekepa /ekepa/ | lifuwa /lifuwa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eggumba /eɡːumba/ |
| Sang | ombinzi /ombinzi/ | ohonde /ohonde/ | ombinḓu /ombinɗu/ | osonde /osonde/ | manyinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ |
| Amour | ohole /ohole/ | ohole /ohole/ | orusuvero /orusuvero/ | ocisola /otʃisola/ | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | okwagala /okwaːɡala/ |
| Arbre | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | uti /uti/ | mutondo /mutondo/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ |
| Chien | ombwa /ombwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ | kawa /kawa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ |
| Chat | okashima /okaʃima/ | okatufi /okatufi/ | okatjiru /okatʃiru/ | ocikangu /otʃikaŋɡu/ | katako /katako/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | kkapa /kːapa/ |
| Poisson | ohi /ohi/ | oshi /oʃi/ | ohi /ohi/ | olusi /olusi/ | shi /ʃi/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | ekyennyanja /etʃeɲːaɲdʒa/ |
| Oiseau | ondhila /onðila/ | odila /odila/ | onḓera /oɳɗera/ | onjila /ondʒila/ | kajila /kadʒila/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | ennyonyi /eɲːoˈɲi/ |
| Papillon | okambilimbili /okambilimbili/ | onghanga /oŋ̊aŋ̊a/ | otjikaiva /otʃikaiva/ | ocimbiambiulu /otʃimbiambiulu/ | kauyauya /kaujauja/ | ekihuguuhugu /ekihuɡuːhuɡu/ | ekiwojjolo /etʃiwodʒːolo/ |
| Œuf | eyi /eji/ | ei /ei/ | ei /ei/ | esaila /esaila/ | liulu /liulu/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eggi /ˈeɡːi/ |
| Cheval | okakambe /okakambe/ | onghambe /oŋ̊ambe/ | okakambe /okakambe/ | okavalu /okavalu/ | kavalu /kavalu/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ |
| Maison | egumbo /eɡumbo/ | eumbo /eumbo/ | ondjuwo /ondʒuwo/ | onjo /ondʒo/ | zuvo /zuvo/ | enju /endʒu/ | ennyumba /eɲːumba/ |
| Lait | omahini /omahini/ | omashini /omaʃini/ | omaihi /omaihi/ | asenjele /asendʒele/ | mavele /mavele/ | amate /amate/ | amata /amata/ |
| Miel | omagadhi goonyushi /omaɡaði ɡoːɲuʃi/ | omaadi eenyiki /omaːdi eːɲiki/ | ouitji /ouitʃi/ | owiki /owiki/ | uchi /utʃi/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | omubisi gwʼenjuki /omubisi ɡweɲdʒuki/ |
| Sel | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omunnyo /omuɲːo/ |
| Vin | omaviinu /omaviːnu/ | omaviinyu /omaviːɲu/ | omavinu /omavinu/ | ovinyu /oviɲu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | viino /viːno/ | wayini /wajini/ |
| Riz | olwiishi /olwiːʃi/ | olwishi /olwiʃi/ | — | oluoso /oluoso/ | loso /loso/ | omukyeeri /omukjeːri/ | omuceere /omutʃeːre/ |
| Chocolat | oshokolate | — | otjokolate | chokolate | — | — | kyokoleeti |
| Fer | oshiyela /oʃijela/ | oshivela /oʃivela/ | otjitenda /otʃitenda/ | utale /utale/ | fwelu /fwelu/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | ekyuma /eˈtʃuːma/ |
| Roue | okugulutemba /okuɡulutemba/ | okuulu /okuːlu/ | otjiryo /otʃirjo/ | elola /elola/ | lifumbo /lifumbo/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | nnamuziga /nːamuˈziɡa/ |
| Soie | ofeyi /ofeji/ | osilki /osilki/ | — | oseta /oseta/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | riiri /riːri/ | liiri /liːri/ |
| Livre | embo /embo/ | embo /embo/ | embo /ˈembo/ | elivulu /elivulu/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ |
| Manger | okulya /okuʎa/ | okulya /okuʎa/ | okurya /okurja/ | okulya /okulja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kurya /kurja/ | okulya /okulja/ |
| Boire | okunwa /okunwa/ | okunwa /okunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | okunywa /okuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | okunywa /okuɲʷa/ |
| Dormir | okukotha /okukoθa/ | okukofa /okukofa/ | kurara /kurara/ | okupekela /okupekela/ | kusavala /kusavala/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | okwebaka /okweβaka/ |
| Un | mwe /mwe/ | mwe /mwe/ | mwe /mwe/ | mosi /mosi/ | mwe /mwe/ | emwe /emwe/ | emu /emu/ |
| Deux | mbali /mbali/ | vali /vali/ | vari /vari/ | vali /vali/ | vali /vali/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | bbiri /bːiri/ |
| Trois | ndatu /ndatu/ | nhatu /n̥atu/ | ndatu /ndatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ssatu /sːatu/ |
| Quatre | ne /ne/ | nhee /n̥eː/ | ine /ine/ | kwãla /kwãla/ | wana /wana/ | eina /eina/ | nnya /ɲːa/ |
| Cinq | ntano /n̥tano/ | nhano /n̥ano/ | ndano /ndano/ | tãlo /tãlo/ | tanu /tanu/ | itaano /itaːno/ | ttaano /tːaːno/ |
| Cent | ethele /eθele/ | efele /efele/ | esere /esere/ | ocita /otʃita/ | likulukaji /likulukadʒi/ | igana /iɡana/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ |
| Bonjour | wa lalapo /wa lalapo/ | wa hala po /wa hala po/ | wa penduka /wa penduka/ | wakolapo /wakolapo/ | mwane /mwane/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | oli otya /oli otja/ |
| Merci | tangi /taŋɡi/ | pandula /pandula/ | okuhepa /okuhepa/ | ndapandula /ndapandula/ | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | webare /webare/ | webale /weːbale/ |
| Bon | nawa /nawa/ | wa /wa/ | wa /wa/ | uwa /uwa/ | mwaza /mwaza/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kirungi /tʃiruŋɡi/ |
| Nouveau | pe /pe/ | pe /pe/ | pe /pe/ | okaliye /okalije/ | chihya /tʃihja/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | mpya /mpja/ |
| Rouge | tiligane /tiliɡane/ | tilyana /tiʎana/ | serandu /serandu/ | kusuka /kusuka/ | chikuhwa /tʃikuhwa/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | myufu /mjufu/ |
| Blanc | tokele /tokele/ | toka /toka/ | vapa /vapa/ | kuyela /kujela/ | chitoma /tʃitoma/ | kwera /kwera/ | eru /eːru/ |
| Noir | luudhe /luːðe/ | laula /laula/ | zorondu /zorondu/ | kutekava /kutekava/ | chilava /tʃilava/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | ddugavu /dduɡavu/ |
| Ordinateur | okompiuta /okompiuta/ | okombiyuta /okombijuta/ | okombiuta /okombiuta/ | kombutador | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ |
| Wifi | o-wifi | — | — | Wi-Fi | — | — | — |
| Thé | otee /oteː/ | otee /oteː/ | otee /otee/ | osia /osia/ | tiyi /tiji/ | chai /tʃai/ | caayi /tʃaːji/ |
| Café | okoothiwa /okoːθiwa/ | okoofi /okoːfi/ | okosiva /okosiva/ | okafe /okafe/ | kofi /kofi/ | kaawa /kaːwa/ | kaawa /kaːwa/ |
| Sucre | osuuka /osuːka/ | osuuka /osuːka/ | osukuri /osukuri/ | osuka /osuka/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | shukaari /ʃukaːri/ | ssukaali /sːukaːli/ |
| 99 | omilongo omugoyi nomugoyi /omiloŋɡo omuɡoji nomuɡoji/ | omilongo omugoi nomugoi /omiloŋɡo omuɡoi nomuɡoi/ | omirongo muvyu na muvyu /omiroŋɡo muvju na muvju/ | akwi ecea lecea /akwi etʃea letʃea/ | makumi atanu naawana navatanu navawana /makumi atanu naːwana navatanu navawana/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | kyenda mu mwenda /tʃenda mu mwenda/ |
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