Pijin
Créole à base anglaise (Melanesian Pijin)
Le pijin est le pidgin mélanésien à base anglaise des îles Salomon, langue sœur du tok pisin (Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) et du bislama (Vanuatu). Ensemble, les trois forment le continuum du pidgin mélanésien, partageant un lexique de base et une grammaire influencée par le substrat, issus de l'époque de la traite de main-d'œuvre au XIXe siècle, lorsque des Mélanésiens furent recrutés dans les plantations de canne à sucre du Queensland et en rapportèrent un pidgin commun. Le pijin est de facto la langue nationale des îles Salomon et la lingua franca entre leurs 80 et quelques langues vernaculaires.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en pijin
chocolate
Wi-Fi
Sources
- SIL Solomon Islands — Pijin Wordlist
- Ethnologue 27: Pijin
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Créole à base anglaise (Melanesian Pijin)
| Sens | Pijin | Bichelamar | Créole du détroit de Torrès | Tok pisin | Pidgin nigérian | Krio | Créole bélizien |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | wata /wata/ | wota /wota/ | woda /woda/ | wara /waɾa/ | wọtá /wɔta/ | wata /ˈwata/ | waata /waːta/ |
| Feu | faea /faja/ | faea /faea/ | paya /paja/ | paia /paja/ | faya /faja/ | faya /ˈfaja/ | faiya /faija/ |
| Soleil | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | sọn /sɔn/ | san /san/ | son /son/ |
| Lune | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | moon /muːn/ |
| Étoile | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | star /staː/ | sta /sta/ | staar /staːr/ |
| Nuit | naet /naet/ | naet /naet/ | nait /nait/ | nait /nait/ | nait /nait/ | nɛt /nɛt/ | nait /nait/ |
| Pluie | ren /ren/ | ren /rɛn/ | ren /ren/ | ren /ren/ | rain /reːn/ | ren /rɛn/ | rayn /reːn/ |
| Neige | snou /snou/ | sno /sno/ | — | ais /ais/ | snow /sno/ | sno /sno/ | snoa /snoː/ |
| Vent | win /win/ | win /win/ | win /win/ | win /win/ | win /win/ | briz /briz/ | breez /briːz/ |
| Terre | graon /ɡraon/ | graon /ɡraon/ | graun /ɡraun/ | graun /ɡraun/ | graun /ɡraʊn/ | gron /ɡrɔn/ | grong /ɡroŋ/ |
| Pierre | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | ston /stɔn/ | stoan /stoːn/ |
| Montagne | maonden /maonden/ | maunten /maunten/ | maunten /maunten/ | maunten /maunten/ | mountin /maʊntin/ | mawnten /ˈmawnten/ | mongtin /moŋtin/ |
| Mer | solwata /solwata/ | solwora /solwora/ | solwata /solwata/ | solwara /solwaɾa/ | sea /si/ | si /si/ | see /siː/ |
| Mère | mami /mami/ | mama /mama/ | ama /ama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /ˈmama/ | mada /mada/ |
| Père | dadi /dadi/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /ˈpapa/ | faada /faːda/ |
| Fille | dota /dota/ | gel /ɡel/ | gel /ɡel/ | pikinini meri /pikinini meri/ | girl pikin /ɡɛl pikin/ | gyal pikin /ɡjal pikin/ | daata /daːta/ |
| Je | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | ai /ai/ | mi /mi/ | A /a/ | mi /mi/ | ai /ai/ |
| Tu | iu /iu/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | you /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ |
| Nous | iumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | yumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | yumpla / mipla /jumpla / mipla/ | yumi / mipela /jumi / mipela/ | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ |
| Nom | nem /nem/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nɛm/ | nem /nɛm/ | naym /neːm/ |
| Personne | man /man/ | man /man/ | — | man /man/ | pesin /pɛsin/ | pɔsin /pɔsin/ | persn /persn̩/ |
| Tête | hed /hed/ | hed /hed/ | ed /ed/ | het /het/ | head /hɛd/ | ed /ed/ | hed /hed/ |
| Œil | ae /ae/ | ae /ae/ | ai /aj/ | ai /aj/ | ai /aɪ/ | ay /aj/ | aiy /aij/ |
| Oreille | ia /ia/ | ia /ia/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | yau /jau/ | ear /ia/ | yes /jes/ | ayz /eːz/ |
| Nez | nos /nos/ | nus /nus/ | nus /nus/ | nus /nus/ | nose /noːs/ | nos /nɔs/ | noaz /noːz/ |
| Bouche | maot /maot/ | maot /maot/ | maut /maut/ | maus /maus/ | mout /maʊt/ | mɔt /mɔt/ | mowt /mout/ |
| Dent | titi /titi/ | tut /tut/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | teet /tiːt/ |
| Langue | tang /taŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tong /tɔŋ/ | tɔŋ /tɔŋ/ | tong /toŋ/ |
| Main | han /han/ | han /han/ | an /an/ | han /han/ | hand /hand/ | an /an/ | han /han/ |
| Pied | leg /leɡ/ | leg /leɡ/ | put /put/ | lek /lek/ | leg /lɛɡ/ | fut /fut/ | fut /fut/ |
| Cœur | hat /hat/ | bel /bel/ | at /at/ | bel /bel/ | hat /hat/ | at /at/ | haat /haːt/ |
| Os | bon /bon/ | bun /bun/ | bon /bon/ | bun /bun/ | bón /bɔn/ | bon /bɔn/ | boan /boːn/ |
| Sang | blad /blad/ | blad /blad/ | blad /blad/ | blut /blut/ | blod /blɔd/ | blɔd /blɔd/ | blod /blod/ |
| Caca | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaka/ | pekpek /pɛkpɛk/ | shit /ʃit/ | kaka /kaˈka/ | — |
| Amour | lavem /lavem/ | laekem /laekem/ | lavem /lavem/ | laikim /lajkim/ | lọv /lɔv/ | lɛk /lɛk/ | lov /lov/ |
| Arbre | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | diwai /diwaj/ | tri /tɾi/ | tik /tik/ | chree /tʃriː/ |
| Chien | dogi /doɡi/ | dog /doɡ/ | dog /doɡ/ | dok /dok/ | dọg /dɔɡ/ | dɔg /dɔɡ/ | daag /daːɡ/ |
| Chat | puskat /puskat/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusiket /pusiket/ | pusi /pusi/ | pus /pus/ | pus /pus/ | kyat /kjat/ |
| Poisson | fis /fis/ | fis /fis/ | pis /pis/ | pis /pis/ | fish /fiʃ/ | fis /fis/ | fish /fiʃ/ |
| Oiseau | bed /bed/ | pijin /pidʒin/ | pizin /pizin/ | pisin /ˈpisin/ | bird /bɛd/ | bɔd /bɔd/ | berd /berd/ |
| Papillon | bataflae /bataflae/ | bataflae /bataflae/ | bataplai /bataplai/ | bataplai /bataplaj/ | — | bɔtaflay /bɔtaflaj/ | botaflai /botaflai/ |
| Œuf | eg /eɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /eɡ/ | kiau /kiau/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /eɡ/ |
| Ours | bea /bea/ | bea /bea/ | bea /bea/ | bea /bea/ | bear /bɛ/ | bia /ˈbia/ | byaa /bjaː/ |
| Cheval | hos /hos/ | hos /hos/ | os /os/ | hos /hos/ | horse /hɔs/ | ɔs /ɔs/ | haas /haːs/ |
| Maison | haos /haos/ | haos /haos/ | haus /haus/ | haus /haus/ | haus /haʊs/ | os /os/ | hows /hous/ |
| Lait | susu /susu/ | melek /melek/ | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ | milk /milk/ | milk /milk/ | milk /milk/ |
| Miel | hani /hani/ | hani /hani/ | ani /ani/ | hani /hani/ | honey /hɔni/ | ɔni /ˈɔni/ | honi /honi/ |
| Sel | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | solt /solt/ | sol /sol/ | salt /sɔlt/ | sɔl /sɔl/ | saalt /saːlt/ |
| Vin | waen /waen/ | waen /waen/ | wain /wain/ | wain /wain/ | wine /waɪn/ | wayn /wain/ | wain /wain/ |
| Riz | raes /raes/ | raes /raes/ | rais /rais/ | rais /rais/ | rais /rais/ | rɛs /rɛs/ | rais /rais/ |
| Chocolat | chocolate | joklet /dʒoklet/ | — | soklet /soklet/ | chocolate | chɔklet | chaaklit /tʃaːklit/ |
| Fer | aean /aean/ | aean /aean/ | aian /aian/ | ain /ain/ | iron /aiɔn/ | ayɛn /ˈajɛn/ | aiyan /aijan/ |
| Roue | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | weel /wiːl/ |
| Soie | silk /silk/ | silik /silik/ | silk /silk/ | slika /slika/ | silk /silk/ | silk /silk/ | silk /silk/ |
| Livre | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ |
| Manger | kaikai /kajkaj/ | kakae /kakae/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | chọp /tʃɔp/ | it /it/ | eet /iːt/ |
| Boire | drinkim /driŋkim/ | dring /driŋ/ | dringk /driŋk/ | dring /dɾiŋ/ | drink /dɾiŋk/ | drink /driŋk/ | jrink /dʒriŋk/ |
| Dormir | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | sleep /sliːp/ |
| Un | wanfala /wanfala/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wanpela /wanpɛla/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ |
| Deux | tufala /tufala/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | too /tuː/ |
| Trois | trifala /trifala/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tripela /tripɛla/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | chree /tʃriː/ |
| Quatre | fofala /fofala/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fopela /fopɛla/ | fo /fɔ/ | fo /fo/ | foa /foː/ |
| Cinq | faefala /faefala/ | faev /faev/ | faiv /faiv/ | faiv /faiv/ | faiv /faiv/ | fayv /faiv/ | faiv /faiv/ |
| Cent | handred /handred/ | handred /handred/ | andred /andred/ | handet /handet/ | hundred /hɔndrɛd/ | ɔndrɛd /ˈɔndrɛd/ | honjrid /hondʒrid/ |
| Bonjour | halo /halo/ | halo /halo/ | wis wei /wis wej/ | halo /halo/ | how far /haʊ faː/ | kushɛ /kuˈʃɛ/ | heloa /heloː/ |
| Merci | tagio /taɡio/ | tangkyu /taŋkju/ | eso /eso/ | tenkyu /tɛŋkju/ | tenki /tɛnki/ | tɛnki /ˈtɛŋki/ | tanks /taŋks/ |
| Bon | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | gutpela /ɡutpɛla/ | fain /faɪn/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ |
| Nouveau | niu /niu/ | niufala /niufala/ | niu /niu/ | nupela /nupɛla/ | new /nju/ | nyu /nju/ | nyoo /njuː/ |
| Rouge | red /red/ | red /red/ | red /red/ | retpela /retpela/ | red /rɛd/ | rɛd /rɛd/ | red /red/ |
| Blanc | waet /waet/ | waet /waet/ | wait /wait/ | waitpela /waitpela/ | white /waɪt/ | wayt /wajt/ | wait /wait/ |
| Noir | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blakpela /blakpela/ | black /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ |
| Vert | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grinpela /ɡrinpela/ | green /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | green /ɡriːn/ |
| Bleu | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blupela /blupela/ | blue /blu/ | blu /blu/ | bloo /bluː/ |
| Ordinateur | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | — | komputa /komˈputa/ | kọmputa /kɔmpútà/ | kɔmpyuta /kɔmpjuta/ | kompyoota /kompjuːta/ |
| Wifi | Wi-Fi | wifi | — | — | Wi-Fi | — | — |
| Thé | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | — | ti /ti/ | tea /ti/ | ti /ti/ | tee /tiː/ |
| Café | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | — | kopi /kopi/ | coffee /kɔfi/ | kɔfi /ˈkɔfi/ | kaafi /kaːfi/ |
| Sucre | suga /suɡa/ | suga /suɡa/ | — | suga /suɡa/ | — | shuga /ˈʃuɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ |
| Orange | orens /orens/ | orenj /orendʒ/ | — | muli /muli/ | orenj /ɔˈrɛndʒ/ | oranj /ɔˈrandʒ/ | — |
| 99 | naenti-naen /naenti naen/ | naenti naen /naenti naen/ | nainti nain /nainti nain/ | nainpela ten nain /nainpela ten nain/ | ninty-nine /nainti nain/ | naynti-nayn /nainti nain/ | nainti-nain /nainti nain/ |
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