Krio
Créole à base anglaise
Le krio est la lingua franca de la Sierra Leone, un créole à base lexicale anglaise. Il s’est développé au début du XIXᵉ siècle parmi les Africains affranchis (anciens esclaves) réinstallés à Freetown et a intégré un important vocabulaire ouest-africain, notamment du yoruba.
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en krio
chɔklet
Sources
- Ethnologue: kri
- Jones (1971) An English-Krio Dictionary
- Hancock (1986) The Domestic Hypothesis on the Origin of Atlantic Creoles
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Créole à base anglaise
| Sens | Krio | Pidgin nigérian | Créole du détroit de Torrès | Bichelamar | Patois jamaïcain | Pijin | Créole bélizien |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | wata /ˈwata/ | wọtá /wɔta/ | woda /woda/ | wota /wota/ | waata /waːta/ | wata /wata/ | waata /waːta/ |
| Feu | faya /ˈfaja/ | faya /faja/ | paya /paja/ | faea /faea/ | faiya /faija/ | faea /faja/ | faiya /faija/ |
| Soleil | san /san/ | sọn /sɔn/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | son /sɔn/ | san /san/ | son /son/ |
| Lune | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | muun /muːn/ | mun /mun/ | moon /muːn/ |
| Étoile | sta /sta/ | star /staː/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | staar /staː/ | sta /sta/ | staar /staːr/ |
| Nuit | nɛt /nɛt/ | nait /nait/ | nait /nait/ | naet /naet/ | nait /nait/ | naet /naet/ | nait /nait/ |
| Pluie | ren /rɛn/ | rain /reːn/ | ren /ren/ | ren /rɛn/ | rien /rien/ | ren /ren/ | rayn /reːn/ |
| Neige | sno /sno/ | snow /sno/ | — | sno /sno/ | sunuo /sunuo/ | snou /snou/ | snoa /snoː/ |
| Vent | briz /briz/ | win /win/ | win /win/ | win /win/ | briiz /briːz/ | win /win/ | breez /briːz/ |
| Terre | gron /ɡrɔn/ | graun /ɡraʊn/ | graun /ɡraun/ | graon /ɡraon/ | grong /ɡrɔŋ/ | graon /ɡraon/ | grong /ɡroŋ/ |
| Pierre | ston /stɔn/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | stuon /stuon/ | ston /ston/ | stoan /stoːn/ |
| Montagne | mawnten /ˈmawnten/ | mountin /maʊntin/ | maunten /maunten/ | maunten /maunten/ | mountn /mountn/ | maonden /maonden/ | mongtin /moŋtin/ |
| Mer | si /si/ | sea /si/ | solwata /solwata/ | solwora /solwora/ | sii /siː/ | solwata /solwata/ | see /siː/ |
| Mère | mama /ˈmama/ | mama /mama/ | ama /ama/ | mama /mama/ | mada /mada/ | mami /mami/ | mada /mada/ |
| Père | papa /ˈpapa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | faada /faːda/ | dadi /dadi/ | faada /faːda/ |
| Fille | gyal pikin /ɡjal pikin/ | girl pikin /ɡɛl pikin/ | gel /ɡel/ | gel /ɡel/ | daata /daːta/ | dota /dota/ | daata /daːta/ |
| Je | mi /mi/ | A /a/ | ai /ai/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | ai /ai/ |
| Tu | yu /ju/ | you /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | iu /iu/ | yu /ju/ |
| Nous | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | yumpla / mipla /jumpla / mipla/ | yumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | wi /wi/ | iumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | wi /wi/ |
| Nom | nem /nɛm/ | nem /nɛm/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nem/ | niem /niem/ | nem /nem/ | naym /neːm/ |
| Personne | pɔsin /pɔsin/ | pesin /pɛsin/ | — | man /man/ | sumadi /sumadi/ | man /man/ | persn /persn̩/ |
| Tête | ed /ed/ | head /hɛd/ | ed /ed/ | hed /hed/ | ed /ɛd/ | hed /hed/ | hed /hed/ |
| Œil | ay /aj/ | ai /aɪ/ | ai /aj/ | ae /ae/ | yai /jai/ | ae /ae/ | aiy /aij/ |
| Oreille | yes /jes/ | ear /ia/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | ia /ia/ | iez /iez/ | ia /ia/ | ayz /eːz/ |
| Nez | nos /nɔs/ | nose /noːs/ | nus /nus/ | nus /nus/ | nuoz /nuoz/ | nos /nos/ | noaz /noːz/ |
| Bouche | mɔt /mɔt/ | mout /maʊt/ | maut /maut/ | maot /maot/ | mout /mout/ | maot /maot/ | mowt /mout/ |
| Dent | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | tut /tut/ | tiit /tiːt/ | titi /titi/ | teet /tiːt/ |
| Langue | tɔŋ /tɔŋ/ | tong /tɔŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tong /tɔŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tong /toŋ/ |
| Main | an /an/ | hand /hand/ | an /an/ | han /han/ | an /an/ | han /han/ | han /han/ |
| Pied | fut /fut/ | leg /lɛɡ/ | put /put/ | leg /leɡ/ | fut /fʊt/ | leg /leɡ/ | fut /fut/ |
| Cœur | at /at/ | hat /hat/ | at /at/ | bel /bel/ | aat /aːt/ | hat /hat/ | haat /haːt/ |
| Os | bon /bɔn/ | bón /bɔn/ | bon /bon/ | bun /bun/ | buon /buon/ | bon /bon/ | boan /boːn/ |
| Sang | blɔd /blɔd/ | blod /blɔd/ | blad /blad/ | blad /blad/ | blod /blɔd/ | blad /blad/ | blod /blod/ |
| Caca | kaka /kaˈka/ | shit /ʃit/ | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaka/ | — |
| Amour | lɛk /lɛk/ | lọv /lɔv/ | lavem /lavem/ | laekem /laekem/ | lov /lɔv/ | lavem /lavem/ | lov /lov/ |
| Arbre | tik /tik/ | tri /tɾi/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | chrii /tʃɹiː/ | tri /tri/ | chree /tʃriː/ |
| Chien | dɔg /dɔɡ/ | dọg /dɔɡ/ | dog /doɡ/ | dog /doɡ/ | daag /daːɡ/ | dogi /doɡi/ | daag /daːɡ/ |
| Chat | pus /pus/ | pus /pus/ | pusiket /pusiket/ | pusi /pusi/ | puss /pʊs/ | puskat /puskat/ | kyat /kjat/ |
| Poisson | fis /fis/ | fish /fiʃ/ | pis /pis/ | fis /fis/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fis /fis/ | fish /fiʃ/ |
| Oiseau | bɔd /bɔd/ | bird /bɛd/ | pizin /pizin/ | pijin /pidʒin/ | bod /bɔd/ | bed /bed/ | berd /berd/ |
| Papillon | bɔtaflay /bɔtaflaj/ | — | bataplai /bataplai/ | bataflae /bataflae/ | botaflai /bɔtaflai/ | bataflae /bataflae/ | botaflai /botaflai/ |
| Œuf | eg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | eg /eɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /eɡ/ | eg /eɡ/ |
| Ours | bia /ˈbia/ | bear /bɛ/ | bea /bea/ | bea /bea/ | bier /bier/ | bea /bea/ | byaa /bjaː/ |
| Cheval | ɔs /ɔs/ | horse /hɔs/ | os /os/ | hos /hos/ | aas /aːs/ | hos /hos/ | haas /haːs/ |
| Maison | os /os/ | haus /haʊs/ | haus /haus/ | haos /haos/ | ous /ous/ | haos /haos/ | hows /hous/ |
| Lait | milk /milk/ | milk /milk/ | susu /susu/ | melek /melek/ | milk /mɪlk/ | susu /susu/ | milk /milk/ |
| Miel | ɔni /ˈɔni/ | honey /hɔni/ | ani /ani/ | hani /hani/ | oni /ɔni/ | hani /hani/ | honi /honi/ |
| Sel | sɔl /sɔl/ | salt /sɔlt/ | solt /solt/ | sol /sol/ | saalt /saːlt/ | sol /sol/ | saalt /saːlt/ |
| Vin | wayn /wain/ | wine /waɪn/ | wain /wain/ | waen /waen/ | wain /wain/ | waen /waen/ | wain /wain/ |
| Riz | rɛs /rɛs/ | rais /rais/ | rais /rais/ | raes /raes/ | rais /rais/ | raes /raes/ | rais /rais/ |
| Chocolat | chɔklet | chocolate | — | joklet /dʒoklet/ | chaklit /tʃaklɪt/ | chocolate | chaaklit /tʃaːklit/ |
| Fer | ayɛn /ˈajɛn/ | iron /aiɔn/ | aian /aian/ | aean /aean/ | aiyan /aijan/ | aean /aean/ | aiyan /aijan/ |
| Roue | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wiil /wiːl/ | wil /wil/ | weel /wiːl/ |
| Soie | silk /silk/ | silk /silk/ | silk /silk/ | silik /silik/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /silk/ | silk /silk/ |
| Livre | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /bʊk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ |
| Manger | it /it/ | chọp /tʃɔp/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | kakae /kakae/ | nyam /ɲam/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | eet /iːt/ |
| Boire | drink /driŋk/ | drink /dɾiŋk/ | dringk /driŋk/ | dring /driŋ/ | jringk /dʒrɪŋk/ | drinkim /driŋkim/ | jrink /dʒriŋk/ |
| Dormir | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | sliip /sliːp/ | slip /slip/ | sleep /sliːp/ |
| Un | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wanfala /wanfala/ | wan /wan/ |
| Deux | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tuu /tuː/ | tufala /tufala/ | too /tuː/ |
| Trois | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | chrii /tʃɹiː/ | trifala /trifala/ | chree /tʃriː/ |
| Quatre | fo /fo/ | fo /fɔ/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fuo /fuo/ | fofala /fofala/ | foa /foː/ |
| Cinq | fayv /faiv/ | faiv /faiv/ | faiv /faiv/ | faev /faev/ | faiv /faiv/ | faefala /faefala/ | faiv /faiv/ |
| Cent | ɔndrɛd /ˈɔndrɛd/ | hundred /hɔndrɛd/ | andred /andred/ | handred /handred/ | onjrid /ɔndʒrɪd/ | handred /handred/ | honjrid /hondʒrid/ |
| Bonjour | kushɛ /kuˈʃɛ/ | how far /haʊ faː/ | wis wei /wis wej/ | halo /halo/ | wah gwaan /wa ɡwaːn/ | halo /halo/ | heloa /heloː/ |
| Merci | tɛnki /ˈtɛŋki/ | tenki /tɛnki/ | eso /eso/ | tangkyu /taŋkju/ | tanks /taŋks/ | tagio /taɡio/ | tanks /taŋks/ |
| Bon | gud /ɡud/ | fain /faɪn/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡʊd/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ |
| Nouveau | nyu /nju/ | new /nju/ | niu /niu/ | niufala /niufala/ | nyuu /ɲuː/ | niu /niu/ | nyoo /njuː/ |
| Rouge | rɛd /rɛd/ | red /rɛd/ | red /red/ | red /red/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /red/ | red /red/ |
| Blanc | wayt /wajt/ | white /waɪt/ | wait /wait/ | waet /waet/ | wait /wait/ | waet /waet/ | wait /wait/ |
| Noir | blak /blak/ | black /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ |
| Vert | grin /ɡrin/ | green /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | griin /ɡɹiːn/ | grin /ɡrin/ | green /ɡriːn/ |
| Bleu | blu /blu/ | blue /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | bloo /bluː/ |
| Ordinateur | kɔmpyuta /kɔmpjuta/ | kọmputa /kɔmpútà/ | — | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kompyuuta /kɔmpjuːta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kompyoota /kompjuːta/ |
| Thé | ti /ti/ | tea /ti/ | — | ti /ti/ | tii /tiː/ | ti /ti/ | tee /tiː/ |
| Café | kɔfi /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /kɔfi/ | — | kofi /kofi/ | kaafi /kaːfi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kaafi /kaːfi/ |
| Sucre | shuga /ˈʃuɡa/ | — | — | suga /suɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | suga /suɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ |
| Orange | oranj /ɔˈrandʒ/ | orenj /ɔˈrɛndʒ/ | — | orenj /orendʒ/ | arinj /arɪndʒ/ | orens /orens/ | — |
| 99 | naynti-nayn /nainti nain/ | ninty-nine /nainti nain/ | nainti nain /nainti nain/ | naenti naen /naenti naen/ | nainti-nain /nainti nain/ | naenti-naen /naenti naen/ | nainti-nain /nainti nain/ |
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