Sranan Tongo
Sranan tongo
Créole à base anglaise
Le sranan tongo est un créole à base lexicale anglaise et la lingua franca du Suriname (le néerlandais y est langue officielle). Il s’est développé au XVIIᵉ siècle sur les plantations, sous une forte influence du néerlandais, du portugais et de langues africaines. Il sert de langue véhiculaire interethnique dans une société multi-ethnique (créoles, Indo-Surinamais, Javanais, Marrons, autochtones, Sino-Surinamais).
Où elle est parlée
87 mots essentiels en sranan tongo
Sources
- Ethnologue: srn
- Smith (1987) The Genesis of the Creole Languages of Suriname
- Adamson & Smith (2003) Sranan
Mots comparés
Comparaison avec les langues de la même famille : Créole à base anglaise
| Sens | Sranan tongo | Aukan | Créole du détroit de Torrès | Krio | Bichelamar | Pijin | Pidgin nigérian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eau | watra /watra/ | wataa /wataː/ | woda /woda/ | wata /ˈwata/ | wota /wota/ | wata /wata/ | wọtá /wɔta/ |
| Feu | faya /faja/ | faya /faja/ | paya /paja/ | faya /ˈfaja/ | faea /faea/ | faea /faja/ | faya /faja/ |
| Soleil | son /son/ | san /saŋ/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | sọn /sɔn/ |
| Lune | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ |
| Étoile | stari /ˈstari/ | sitari /siˈtari/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | star /staː/ |
| Nuit | neti /neti/ | neti /neti/ | nait /nait/ | nɛt /nɛt/ | naet /naet/ | naet /naet/ | nait /nait/ |
| Pluie | alen /ˈaːlɛn/ | alen /ˈaːlɛn/ | ren /ren/ | ren /rɛn/ | ren /rɛn/ | ren /ren/ | rain /reːn/ |
| Neige | snew /sneu/ | — | — | sno /sno/ | sno /sno/ | snou /snou/ | snow /sno/ |
| Vent | winti /ˈwinti/ | winta /winta/ | win /win/ | briz /briz/ | win /win/ | win /win/ | win /win/ |
| Terre | gron /ɡron/ | doti /doti/ | graun /ɡraun/ | gron /ɡrɔn/ | graon /ɡraon/ | graon /ɡraon/ | graun /ɡraʊn/ |
| Pierre | ston /ston/ | siton /siton/ | ston /ston/ | ston /stɔn/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ |
| Montagne | bergi /ˈbɛrɡi/ | mongo /moŋo/ | maunten /maunten/ | mawnten /ˈmawnten/ | maunten /maunten/ | maonden /maonden/ | mountin /maʊntin/ |
| Mer | se /se/ | ze /ze/ | solwata /solwata/ | si /si/ | solwora /solwora/ | solwata /solwata/ | sea /si/ |
| Mère | mama /mama/ | mma /mːa/ | ama /ama/ | mama /ˈmama/ | mama /mama/ | mami /mami/ | mama /mama/ |
| Père | papa /papa/ | tata /tata/ | papa /papa/ | papa /ˈpapa/ | papa /papa/ | dadi /dadi/ | papa /papa/ |
| Fille | umapikin /umapikin/ | umanpikin /umanpikin/ | gel /ɡel/ | gyal pikin /ɡjal pikin/ | gel /ɡel/ | dota /dota/ | girl pikin /ɡɛl pikin/ |
| Je | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | ai /ai/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | A /a/ |
| Tu | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | iu /iu/ | you /ju/ |
| Nous | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | yumpla / mipla /jumpla / mipla/ | wi /wi/ | yumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | iumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | wi /wi/ |
| Nom | nen /nɛn/ | nen /nɛn/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nɛm/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nɛm/ |
| Personne | libisma /libisma/ | sama /sama/ | — | pɔsin /pɔsin/ | man /man/ | man /man/ | pesin /pɛsin/ |
| Tête | ede /ede/ | ede /ede/ | ed /ed/ | ed /ed/ | hed /hed/ | hed /hed/ | head /hɛd/ |
| Œil | ai /ai/ | ain /ain/ | ai /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ae /ae/ | ae /ae/ | ai /aɪ/ |
| Oreille | yesi /jesi/ | yesi /jesi/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | yes /jes/ | ia /ia/ | ia /ia/ | ear /ia/ |
| Nez | noso /noso/ | noso /noso/ | nus /nus/ | nos /nɔs/ | nus /nus/ | nos /nos/ | nose /noːs/ |
| Bouche | mofo /mofo/ | mofu /mofu/ | maut /maut/ | mɔt /mɔt/ | maot /maot/ | maot /maot/ | mout /maʊt/ |
| Dent | tifi /tifi/ | tifi /tifi/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | tut /tut/ | titi /titi/ | tit /tit/ |
| Langue | tongo /toŋo/ | tongo /toŋo/ | tang /taŋ/ | tɔŋ /tɔŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tong /tɔŋ/ |
| Main | anu /anu/ | ana /ana/ | an /an/ | an /an/ | han /han/ | han /han/ | hand /hand/ |
| Pied | futu /futu/ | futu /futu/ | put /put/ | fut /fut/ | leg /leɡ/ | leg /leɡ/ | leg /lɛɡ/ |
| Cœur | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | at /at/ | at /at/ | bel /bel/ | hat /hat/ | hat /hat/ |
| Os | bonyo /boɲo/ | bon /bon/ | bon /bon/ | bon /bɔn/ | bun /bun/ | bon /bon/ | bón /bɔn/ |
| Sang | brudu /bruːdu/ | buulu /buːlu/ | blad /blad/ | blɔd /blɔd/ | blad /blad/ | blad /blad/ | blod /blɔd/ |
| Caca | kaka /kaka/ | — | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaˈka/ | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaka/ | shit /ʃit/ |
| Amour | lobi /lobi/ | lobi /lobi/ | lavem /lavem/ | lɛk /lɛk/ | laekem /laekem/ | lavem /lavem/ | lọv /lɔv/ |
| Arbre | bon /boŋ/ | bon /boŋ/ | tri /tri/ | tik /tik/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tɾi/ |
| Chien | dagu /daɡu/ | dagu /daɡu/ | dog /doɡ/ | dɔg /dɔɡ/ | dog /doɡ/ | dogi /doɡi/ | dọg /dɔɡ/ |
| Chat | poesi /pusi/ | poesi /pusi/ | pusiket /pusiket/ | pus /pus/ | pusi /pusi/ | puskat /puskat/ | pus /pus/ |
| Poisson | fisi /fisi/ | fisi /fisi/ | pis /pis/ | fis /fis/ | fis /fis/ | fis /fis/ | fish /fiʃ/ |
| Oiseau | fowru /ˈfoːru/ | foo /foː/ | pizin /pizin/ | bɔd /bɔd/ | pijin /pidʒin/ | bed /bed/ | bird /bɛd/ |
| Papillon | kapelka /kapelka/ | — | bataplai /bataplai/ | bɔtaflay /bɔtaflaj/ | bataflae /bataflae/ | bataflae /bataflae/ | — |
| Œuf | eksi /eksi/ | igi /iɡi/ | eg /eɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /eɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ |
| Ours | beer /beːr/ | beer /beːr/ | bea /bea/ | bia /ˈbia/ | bea /bea/ | bea /bea/ | bear /bɛ/ |
| Cheval | asi /asi/ | asi /asi/ | os /os/ | ɔs /ɔs/ | hos /hos/ | hos /hos/ | horse /hɔs/ |
| Maison | oso /oso/ | osu /osu/ | haus /haus/ | os /os/ | haos /haos/ | haos /haos/ | haus /haʊs/ |
| Lait | merki /ˈmɛrki/ | meliki /meliki/ | susu /susu/ | milk /milk/ | melek /melek/ | susu /susu/ | milk /milk/ |
| Miel | oni /oni/ | oniki /oniki/ | ani /ani/ | ɔni /ˈɔni/ | hani /hani/ | hani /hani/ | honey /hɔni/ |
| Sel | sowtu /sowtu/ | sawtu /sawtu/ | solt /solt/ | sɔl /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | salt /sɔlt/ |
| Vin | win /win/ | win /win/ | wain /wain/ | wayn /wain/ | waen /waen/ | waen /waen/ | wine /waɪn/ |
| Riz | aleisi /aleisi/ | alisi /aˈlisi/ | rais /rais/ | rɛs /rɛs/ | raes /raes/ | raes /raes/ | rais /rais/ |
| Chocolat | syokola /ʃokola/ | — | — | chɔklet | joklet /dʒoklet/ | chocolate | chocolate |
| Fer | isri /ˈisri/ | insii /insiː/ | aian /aian/ | ayɛn /ˈajɛn/ | aean /aean/ | aean /aean/ | iron /aiɔn/ |
| Roue | wiel /wil/ | — | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ |
| Livre | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ |
| Manger | nyan /ɲan/ | nyan /ɲaŋ/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | it /it/ | kakae /kakae/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | chọp /tʃɔp/ |
| Boire | dringi /driŋi/ | diingi /diːŋi/ | dringk /driŋk/ | drink /driŋk/ | dring /driŋ/ | drinkim /driŋkim/ | drink /dɾiŋk/ |
| Dormir | sribi /ˈsribi/ | siibi /siːbi/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ |
| Un | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wanfala /wanfala/ | wan /wan/ |
| Deux | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tufala /tufala/ | tu /tu/ |
| Trois | dri /dri/ | dii /diː/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | trifala /trifala/ | tri /tri/ |
| Quatre | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fofala /fofala/ | fo /fɔ/ |
| Cinq | feifi /ˈfeifi/ | feifi /fɛifi/ | faiv /faiv/ | fayv /faiv/ | faev /faev/ | faefala /faefala/ | faiv /faiv/ |
| Cent | hondro /hondro/ | ondoo /ondoː/ | andred /andred/ | ɔndrɛd /ˈɔndrɛd/ | handred /handred/ | handred /handred/ | hundred /hɔndrɛd/ |
| Bonjour | odi /odi/ | fa yu de /fa ju de/ | wis wei /wis wej/ | kushɛ /kuˈʃɛ/ | halo /halo/ | halo /halo/ | how far /haʊ faː/ |
| Merci | grantangi /ɡrantaŋi/ | gaantangi /ɡaːntaŋi/ | eso /eso/ | tɛnki /ˈtɛŋki/ | tangkyu /taŋkju/ | tagio /taɡio/ | tenki /tɛnki/ |
| Bon | bun /bun/ | boon /boːŋ/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | fain /faɪn/ |
| Nouveau | nyun /ɲun/ | nyun /ɲun/ | niu /niu/ | nyu /nju/ | niufala /niufala/ | niu /niu/ | new /nju/ |
| Rouge | redi /redi/ | lebi /lebi/ | red /red/ | rɛd /rɛd/ | red /red/ | red /red/ | red /rɛd/ |
| Blanc | weti /weti/ | weti /weti/ | wait /wait/ | wayt /wajt/ | waet /waet/ | waet /waet/ | white /waɪt/ |
| Noir | blaka /blaka/ | baaka /baːka/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | black /blak/ |
| Vert | grun /ɡrun/ | guun /ɡuːn/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | green /ɡrin/ |
| Bleu | blaw /blaw/ | baaw /baːw/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blue /blu/ |
| Ordinateur | kompyuter /komˈpjutər/ | — | — | kɔmpyuta /kɔmpjuta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kọmputa /kɔmpútà/ |
| Thé | te /te/ | te /te/ | — | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | tea /ti/ |
| Café | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | — | kɔfi /ˈkɔfi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | coffee /kɔfi/ |
| Sucre | sukru /sukru/ | sukuu /sukuː/ | — | shuga /ˈʃuɡa/ | suga /suɡa/ | suga /suɡa/ | — |
| Orange | apresina /apresina/ | apeesina /apeːsina/ | — | oranj /ɔˈrandʒ/ | orenj /orendʒ/ | orens /orens/ | orenj /ɔˈrɛndʒ/ |
| 99 | neigitenti-na-neigi /neiɡitenti na neiɡi/ | neigintenti a neigin /nɛiɡintenti a nɛiɡin/ | nainti nain /nainti nain/ | naynti-nayn /nainti nain/ | naenti naen /naenti naen/ | naenti-naen /naenti naen/ | ninty-nine /nainti nain/ |
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